Use of autologous umbilical artery and vein for vascular reconstruction in the newborn

AbstractAutologous umbilical artery and vein were evaluated as vascular conduits in newborn lambs. Eight newborn lambs were delivered transabdominally under sterile conditions at term. The umbilical artery and vein were dissected from the cord and stored in culture media. On the same day, each lamb underwent bilateral superficial femoral artery transection and reconstruction. Nine arteries were reconstructed with autologous umbilical vein interposition grafts, five with umbilical artery interposition grafts, and two by primary native artery anastomosis. After the birth weight of the lambs quadrupled (37 to 45 days), they were killed and all grafts and anastomoses were examined grossly and histologically. At the conclusion of the study, both native artery anastomoses (2/2) were patent. Five umbilical vein (5/9) and two umbilical artery (2/5) autografts were also widely patent. Patent autografts retained an intact endothelium supported by a viable media. The nonpatent autografts had become atrophic remnants displaying histologic signs of early closure. Graft failures are attributed to the extreme vasoactive nature of the umbilical vessels. These preliminary results suggest that umbilical vessels may be useful as a vascular autograft if the vasoactive nature of these vessels can be overcome during the immediate perioperative period. (J THORAC CARDIOVASC SURG 1995;109:854-7

Low-flow-frequency characteristics for continuous-record streamflow stations in Minnesota /

Includes index.Chiefly graphs.Shipping list no.: 88-235-P.Bibliography: p. 11.Mode of access: Internet

Sedentary Time in US Older Adults Associated With Disability in Activities of Daily Living Independent of Physical Activity

Background:The harmful relationship of sedentary behavior to health may reflect an exchange of sedentary activity for moderateto- vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or sedentary behavior may be a separate risk factor. We examined whether time spent in sedentary behavior is related to disability in activities of daily living (ADL), independent of time spent in MVPA in older adults.Methods:The nationally representative 2003−2006 National Health and Nutrition Examinations Surveys (NHANES) included 2286 adults aged 60 years and older in whom physical activity was assessed by accelerometer. The association between ADL task disability and the daily percentage of sedentary time was evaluated by multiple logistic regression.Results:These adults on average spent 9h/d being sedentary during waking hours and 4.5% reported ADL disability. The odds of ADL disability were 46% greater (odds ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.07−1.98) for each daily hour spent in sedentary behavior, adjusted for MVPA and socioeconomic and health factors.Conclusion:These US national data show a strong relationship between greater time spent in sedentary behavior and the presence of ADL disability, independent of time spent in moderate or vigorous activity. These findings support programs encouraging older adults to decrease sedentary behavior regardless of their engagement in moderate or vigorous activity.</jats:sec