Combined Extended High Spinal Anesthesia and Endotracheal Narcosis: a Clinical Case

Background. In recent years, various methods of combined anesthesia during abdominal surgery have been introduced into clinical practice.Aim. To demonstrate the possibilities of a combination of high prolonged spinal anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia during abdominal surgery.Materials and methods. A clinical case of combined use of high prolonged spinal anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia in a 48-year-old patient with a tumor in the right half of the ascending part of the right half of the colon is presented.Results. The patient received a puncture of the spinal space at a standard point and was installed a spinal catheter in the cranial direction for 3 cm. An isobaric solution of marcaine in the initial dose of 20 mg was injected into the catheter. The regulation of the development of the block was regulated by the inclination of the head end of the table by 60°. After that endotracheal anesthesia was performed on the basis of fentanyl and propofol. This combination allowed to expand the scope of surgical intervention, provided adequate pain relief intraoperatively and in the postoperative period, without the use of narcotic analgesics. With the appearance of signs of recovery of pain sensitivity, intraoperatively or in the postoperative period, re-introduction of the anesthetic into the spinal catheter was performed in half of the initial dose with liquor barbotage. In the early postoperative period, the patient was on strict bed rest with a head end of the bed raised at 30–45°. The method provides complete segmental blockade and muscle relaxation in the area of operation, stability of central hemodynamics during surgery and in the postoperative period.Conclusion. This type of anesthesia is more easily tolerated by patients, accompanied by early awakening and extubation, characterized by stability of central hemodynamics, reduced risk of complications, the possibility of prolonging anesthesia with lower doses of narcotic analgesics in the intraoperative period, providing high-quality anesthesia in the postoperative period without resorting to the use of narcotic analgesics

Combined Extended High Spinal Anesthesia and Endotracheal Narcosis: a Clinical Case

Background. In recent years, various methods of combined anesthesia during abdominal surgery have been introduced into clinical practice.Aim. To demonstrate the possibilities of a combination of high prolonged spinal anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia during abdominal surgery.Materials and methods. A clinical case of combined use of high prolonged spinal anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia in a 48-year-old patient with a tumor in the right half of the ascending part of the right half of the colon is presented.Results. The patient received a puncture of the spinal space at a standard point and was installed a spinal catheter in the cranial direction for 3 cm. An isobaric solution of marcaine in the initial dose of 20 mg was injected into the catheter. The regulation of the development of the block was regulated by the inclination of the head end of the table by 60°. After that endotracheal anesthesia was performed on the basis of fentanyl and propofol. This combination allowed to expand the scope of surgical intervention, provided adequate pain relief intraoperatively and in the postoperative period, without the use of narcotic analgesics. With the appearance of signs of recovery of pain sensitivity, intraoperatively or in the postoperative period, re-introduction of the anesthetic into the spinal catheter was performed in half of the initial dose with liquor barbotage. In the early postoperative period, the patient was on strict bed rest with a head end of the bed raised at 30–45°. The method provides complete segmental blockade and muscle relaxation in the area of operation, stability of central hemodynamics during surgery and in the postoperative period.Conclusion. This type of anesthesia is more easily tolerated by patients, accompanied by early awakening and extubation, characterized by stability of central hemodynamics, reduced risk of complications, the possibility of prolonging anesthesia with lower doses of narcotic analgesics in the intraoperative period, providing high-quality anesthesia in the postoperative period without resorting to the use of narcotic analgesics.</jats:p

Methane Catalytic Peroxide Oxidation Over Fe-Containing Zeolite

Изучена селективность Fe-MFI-катализаторов в парциальном пероксидном окислении метана до метанола и муравьиной кислоты в зависимости от их топологии (нанокристаллы, микрокристаллы и массивный коммерческий) и активации щавелевой кислотой. Катализаторы изучены методами РФА, ИСП-ОЭС, СЭМ, ЭСДО, ТПД- NH3, адсорбции N2. TOF окисления метана увеличивается в ряду: нанокристаллы < микрокристаллы << коммерческий. Селективность по метанолу зависит главным образом от размера кристаллитов и увеличивается в том же ряду. Увеличение TOF и селективности по муравьиной кислоте, а также резкое снижение селективности по CO2 на всех активированных катализаторах были объяснены увеличением общей кислотности катализаторов и количества олигомерных оксокластеров железа. Высказано предположение о различных путях образования метанола/ CO2 (по свободнорадикальному маршруту) и муравьиной кислоты (по гетерогенному маршруту) на катализаторах Fe-MFIThe selectivity of Fe-MFI catalysts to partial peroxide oxidation of methane to methanol and formic acid was studied depending on their topology (Nanocrystals, Microcrystals, and bulk Commercial) and activation with oxalic acid. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, ICP-OES, SEM, UV-vis DR, NH3-TPD, N2 adsorption. TOF of methane oxidation increased in the series: Nanocrystals < Microcrystals << Commercial. The selectivity to methanol depended mainly on the crystallite size and increased in the same series. The increase in TOF and selectivity to formic acid, as well as a sharp decrease in the selectivity to CO2 over all the activated catalysts were accounted for by an increase in the total acidity of the catalysts and the number of oligomeric Fe oxo-clusters. Different pathways to the formation of methanol/CO2 (via free radical mechanism) and formic acid (via heterogeneous route) over Fe-MFI catalysts were suggeste

Depolymerization of Birch-Wood Organosolv Lignin Over Solid Catalysts in Supercritical Ethanol

Проведено исследование процесса каталитической деполимеризации органосольвентного лигнина в среде сверхкритического этанола при 260 ºC. В качестве катализаторов были испытаны материалы с различными кислотно-основными свойствами: сепиолит, цеолит ZSM-5 на Al2O3 и модифицированный окислением углеродный материал Сибунит, а также Ru-содержащие катализаторы, приготовленные на основе вышеперечисленных материалов. Установлено, что среди катализаторов, не содержащих рутений, наиболее высокие значения выхода жидких продуктов удалось достичь при использовании углеродного образца, обладающего наибольшим числом кислотных центров. Нанесение Ru на все типы носителей привело к значительному увеличению их каталитической активности. Использование Ru-содержащего катализатора на основе Сибунита в процессе деполимеризации лигнина позволило избежать процесса коксообразования, увеличить количество ароматических мономеров и общий выход жидких продуктов до 76 %, что более чем в два раза выше по сравнению с экспериментом без катализатораCatalytic depolymerization of birch-wood organosolv lignin was studied in supercritical ethanol at 260 ºC. Three different acid-basic materials namely sepiolite, zeolite ZSM-5 supported on Al2O3 and Sibunit graphite-like mesoporous carbon promoted via oxidation were tested as catalysts. Moreover, Ru-containing catalysts based on these supports were studied. Among the catalysts without ruthenium, Sibunit matherial was found to produce highest yield of liquid products due to the highest amount of surface acid sites. Precipitating Ru significantly increases the activity of all three supports. Using Ru-containing Sibunit catalyst in lignin depolymerization process allows to avoid coke formation, increases the amount of aromatic monomers and the total yield of liquid products up to 76 %. The yield obtained in best catalytic experiment is more then twice higher compared to the process without any catalys

An alternative solution to the problem of “cold welding” the adapter of the modular head with the cone of the stably osseointegrated femoral component of the M2a-Magnum implant, when choosing the volume of revision endoprosthetics

The main advantages of the М2а-Magnum modular system pair are the presence of a group of metals metal with wear of the large head, which is the maximum value that makes it possible to increase the range of motion in the hip joint by more than 160 with virtually no risk of dislocation [1]. This allows you to freely conduct active work and sports. However, the system is not without drawbacks. First of all, this is the unrevealed danger of damage to metal ions in the blood, as well as the problem of the development of a pseudotumor lymphoid reaction [2,3], leading to extensive osteolysis, an increased risk of periprosthetic fractures, and, accordingly, an increase in the frequency of endoprosthesis destabilization. Currently, the use of constructions is practically suspended, but there are more than 1 million patients in the world [4] with implanted large "metals - metal pairs". In revision surgery with M2a-Magnum implants, the main problem is often the inability to remove the femoral head adapter component from the neck taper. fretting corrosion is observed, leading to the effect of cold welding. The latter is typical for the connection of titanium surfaces (adapter of the head module and the neck of the femoral component). It turns out that it should be noted that the M2a-38 system does not have a titanium adapter made of a cobalt-chromium alloy and devoid of this problem [4].</jats:p

Sibunit-Based Catalytic Materials for the Deep Oxidation of Organic Ecotoxicants in Aqueous Solutions. III: Wet air oxidation of Phenol over Oxidized Carbon and Ru/C Catalysts

International audienc

Sibunit-Based Catalytic Materials for the Deep Oxidation of Organic Ecotoxicants in Aqueous Solutions. III: Wet air oxidation of Phenol over Oxidized Carbon and Ru/C Catalysts

International audienc

Perovskite-like catalysts LaBO3 (B = Cu, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni) for wet peroxide oxidation of phenol

The catalytic behavior of perovskite-like oxides LaBO3 (B = Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn) prepared by Pecini method were examined in wet peroxide oxidation of phenol as a model organic substrate. The study showed the activity of only LaCuO3 and LaFeO3 perovskite-like catalysts, Cu-containing catalysts being more active, though Fe-containing being more stable. The leaching test proved heterogeneous nature of the catalyst action. Long-term experiments revealed the acceptable stability of the LaFeO3 catalyst. XRD studies of the spent samples demonstrated stability of the perovskite-like structure of the catalysts during the reaction. The assumption about the nature of the active sites and the possible mechanism of the reaction was proposed based on of the XPS study.Каталитические свойства перовскитоподобных оксидов переходных металлов типа LaBO3 (B = Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn), приготовленных методом Пекини, изучены в процессе жидкофазного пероксидного окисления фенола как модельного органического субстрата. Исследование показало, что только перовскиты LaCuO3 и LaFeO3 являются активными в данном процессе, причем Cu-содержащие катализаторы более активны, чем Fe-содержащие, хотя для последних наблюдалась более высокая стабильность к выщелачиванию активного компонента. Гетерогенная природа каталитического процесса доказана проведением экспериментов с фильтратом после реакции. Многоцикловые испытания продемонстрировали приемлемую стабильность катализатора LaFeO3. Исследования образцов до и после реакции методом РФА показали, что перовскитоподобная структура катализаторов сохраняется. На основании данных РФЭС было сделано предположение о природе активных центров и возможном механизме реакци