Estudio de los Erysiphales de Navarra.

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en el estudio de los Erysiphales en varias localidades de Navarra. Se han encontrado 6 especies de estos hongos en 23 muestras de las 61 analizadas, lo que equivale a un 37,7% de plantas infectadas. La especie más representada es Microsphaera alphitioides, seguida de Sphaerotheca pannosa

Implementing a population-based rare diseases registry in Spain: the Navarre's experience

In 2012, the Spanish Rare Disease Registries Research Network (Spain-RDR) was consolidated with the aim of creating a Spanish population- based Rare Diseases Registry. In order to achieve this, each of the 17 Spanish Regions had to develop its own regional registry with a common agreed methodology. The Population-based Rare Disease Registry of Navarre was created in 2013 and, since then, its implementation is been carried out. Navarre assumed the agreed list within the Spanish Network, which included 934 codes of the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification. Initially, the main data source used to capture cases was the Assisted Morbidity Registry of Navarre, which includes the Minimum Basic Data Set of every regional hospital discharges (both public and private). Afterwards, new data sources were been added and ongoing validation studies of captured cases were been developed. Population-based rare diseases registries are fundamental for the study and quantification of this type of diseases since the classification and coding systems used in the current healthcare information systems are very nonspecific. The analysis and cross-referencing of data among multiple data sources is essential to maximize case detection capacity. Due to the low prevalence of these diseases, a high false positives rate among the detected cases greatly affects the estimation of epidemiological indicators, which makes it necessary to validate the cases by verifying the diagnoses.En 2012 se consolidó la Red Española de Registros de Enfermedades Raras para la Investigación (Spain-RDR) con el objetivo de crear un Registro poblacional español de Enfermedades Raras. Para conseguirlo, cada Comunidad Autónoma tenía que desarrollar su propio registro autonómico con una metodología común consensuada. El Registro Poblacional de Enfermedades Raras de Navarra se creó en 2013 y, desde entonces, se está desarrollando su implementación. Navarra asumió el listado consensuado dentro de la Red, que incluye 934 códigos de la 9ª revisión de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (modificación clínica). Inicialmente, la principal fuente de información utilizada para la captación de casos fue el Registro de Morbilidad Asistida de Navarra, que recoge el Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos de las altas hospitalarias (de centros públicos y privados) de la Comunidad Foral. Posteriormente se fueron añadiendo nuevas fuentes de información y desarrollando continuos estudios de validación de los casos captados. Los registros poblacionales de enfermedades raras son fundamentales para el estudio y cuantificación de este tipo de enfermedades ya que los sistemas de clasificación y codificación utilizados en los actuales sistemas de información sanitaria son muy inespecíficos. El análisis y cruce de datos entre múltiples fuentes es esencial para maximizar la capacidad de detección de casos. Al tratarse de enfermedades muy poco prevalentes, una tasa alta de falsos positivos entre los casos detectados afecta en gran medida la estimación de indicadores epidemiológicos, lo que hace necesario validar los casos verificando los diagnósticos.Instituto de Salud Carlos III, proyecto IR11/RDR-18 (2012-2015

Spanish rare disease registries research network: first results of Spain-RDR’s project in Navarre

Fundamento. La Red Española de Registros de Enfermedades Raras para la Investigación, Spain-RDR, fue un proyecto del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (2012-2015) en el que participaron todas las Comunidades Autónomas. Se presentan los primeros resultados de Navarra. Material y métodos. Se explotó el Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos de 2010-2011 para valorar la recogida de posibles casos de enfermedades raras en Navarra (estudio piloto) y después se amplió la información, tanto en tiempo (año 2012) como en fuentes de captación (Estadística de Mortalidad y Registro de Incapacidad Temporal). Resultados. En el estudio piloto, Navarra identificó 9.420 posibles casos de 8.141 residentes, pasando a 13.494 casos de 11.644 personas con la ampliación temporal y de fuentes. El 38% de los casos correspondió a enfermedades endocrinas, metabólicas e inmunes, y anomalías congénitas. Conclusiones. Es necesario ampliar las fuentes y el período de captación, así como validar los casos captados para conocer la magnitud real del problema en su conjunto y de cada enfermedad específica incluida en el registro.Background. The Spanish Rare Disease Registries Research Network, Spain-RDR, was a project of the Carlos III Health Institute (2012-2015) in which all the Autonomous Communities participated. The initial results for Navarre are presented. Methods. The Minimum Basic Data Set for 2010-2011 was explored to assess the collection of possible cases of rare diseases in Navarre (pilot study). The information was later extended in both time (the year 2012) and sources consulted (Mortality Statistics and Temporary Disability Registry). Results. Navarre identified 9,420 possible cases amongst the 8,141 residents in the pilot study, reaching 13,494 cases amongst the 11,644 people obtained with the extension of time and sources. Thirty-eight percent of the cases corresponded to endocrine, metabolic and immune diseases, and congenital anomalies. Conclusions. It is necessary to expand the sources and the period of data collection, as well as to validate the cases registered in order to know the real magnitude of the problem as a whole and for each specific disease included in the registry.Convocatoria de 2011 de propuestas de Proyectos Colaborativos (Expresiones de Interés) del Instituto de Salud Carlos III en el marco del International Rare Disease Research Consortium (IRDiRC). Proyecto nº 25 Spanish Rare Disease Registries Research Network (Spain-RDR)

Antioxidant effects of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in rats with advanced liver cirrhosis

BACKGROUND: The exogenous administration of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) induces hepatoprotective and antifibrogenic actions in experimental liver cirrhosis. To better understand the possible pathways behind the beneficial effect of IGF-I, the aim of this work was to investigate severe parameters involved in oxidative damage in hepatic tissue from cirrhotic animals treated with IGF-I (2 μg. 100 g(-1). day(-1)). Iron and copper play an important role in oxidative mechanisms, producing the deleterious hydroxyl radical (*OH) that peroxides lipid membranes and damages DNA. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO) are known sources of free radicals and induce reduction of ferritin-Fe(3+ )into free Fe(2+), contributing to oxidative damage. METHODS: Liver cirrhosis was induced by CCl(4 )inhalation in Wistar male rats for 30 weeks. Healthy controls were studied in parallel (n = 10). Fe and Cu were assessed by atomic absoption spectrometry and iron content was also evaluated by Perls' staining. MPO was measured by ELISA and transferrin and ferritin by immunoturbidimetry. iNOS expression was studied by immuno-histochemistry. RESULTS: Liver cirrhosis was histologically proven and ascites was observed in all cirrhotic rats. Compared to controls untreated cirrhotic rats showed increased hepatic levels of iron, ferritin, transferrin (p < 0.01), copper, MPO and iNOS expression (p < 0.01). However, IGF-treatment induced a significant reduction of all these parameters (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: the hepatoprotective and antifibrogenic effects of IGF-I in cirrhosis are associated with a diminution of the hepatic contents of several factors all of them involved in oxidative damage

Hepatoprotection and neuroprotection induced by low doses of IGF-II in aging rats

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>GH and IGFs serum levels decline with age. Age-related changes appear to be associated to decreases in these anabolic hormones. We have previously demonstrated that IGF-I replacement therapy improves insulin resistance, lipid metabolism and reduces oxidative damage (in brain and liver) in aging rats. Using the same experimental model, the aim of this work was to study whether the exogenous administration of IGF-II, at low doses, acts analogous to IGF-I in aging rats.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Three experimental groups were included in this study: young healthy controls (yCO, 17 weeks old); untreated old rats (O, 103 weeks old); and aging rats treated with IGF-II (O+IGF-II, 2 μg * 100 g body weight^-1* day^-1) for 30 days. Analytical parameters were determined in serum by routine laboratory methods using an autoanalyzer (Cobas Mira; Roche Diagnostic System, Basel, Switzerland). Serum levels of hormones (testosterone, IGF-I and insulin) were assessed by RIA. Serum Total Antioxidant Status was evaluated using a colorimetric assay. Mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated using rhodamine 123 dye (adding different substrates to determine the different states). ATP synthesis in isolated mitochondria was determined by an enzymatic method.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Compared with young controls, untreated old rats showed a reduction of IGF-I and testosterone levels with a decrease of serum total antioxidant status (TAS). IGF-II therapy improved serum antioxidant capability without modifying testosterone and IGF-I circulating concentrations. In addition, IGF-II treatment reduced oxidative damage in brain and liver, improving antioxidant enzyme activities and mitochondrial function. IGF-II was also able to reduce cholesterol and triglycerides levels increasing free fatty acids concentrations.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We demonstrate that low doses of IGF-II induce hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and metabolic effects, improving mitochondrial function, without affecting testosterone and IGF-I levels.</p

Transplantation of adipose derived stromal cells is associated with functional improvement in a rat model of chronic myocardial infarction

Aims: To determine the effect of transplantation of undifferentiated and cardiac pre-differentiated adipose stem cells compared with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) in a chronic model of myocardial infarction. Methods: Ninety-five Sprague–Dawley rats underwent left coronary artery ligation and after 1month received by direct intramyocardial injection either adipose derived stem cells (ADSC), cardiomyogenic cells (AD-CMG) or BM-MNC from enhanced-Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP) mice. The control group was treated with culture medium. Heart function was assessed by echocardiography and 18F-FDG microPET. Cell engraftment, differentiation, angiogenesis and fibrosis in the scar tissue were also evaluated by (immuno)histochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results: One month after cell transplantation, ADSC induced a significant improvement in heart function (LVEF 46.3±9.6% versus 27.7±8% pre-transplant) and tissue viability (64.78±7.2% versus 55.89±6.3% pre-transplant). An increase in the degree of angiogenesis and a decrease in fibrosis were also detected. Although transplantation of AD-CMG or BM-MNC also had a positive, albeit smaller, effect on angiogenesis and fibrosis in the infarcted hearts, this benefit did not translate into a significant improvement in heart function or tissue viability. Conclusion: These results indicate that transplantation of adipose derived cells in chronic infarct provides a superior benefit to cardiac pre-differentiated ADSC and BM-MNC

Transplantation of adipose derived stromal cells is associated with functional improvement in a rat model of chronic myocardial infarction

Aims: To determine the effect of transplantation of undifferentiated and cardiac pre-differentiated adipose stem cells compared with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) in a chronic model of myocardial infarction. Methods: Ninety-five Sprague–Dawley rats underwent left coronary artery ligation and after 1month received by direct intramyocardial injection either adipose derived stem cells (ADSC), cardiomyogenic cells (AD-CMG) or BM-MNC from enhanced-Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP) mice. The control group was treated with culture medium. Heart function was assessed by echocardiography and 18F-FDG microPET. Cell engraftment, differentiation, angiogenesis and fibrosis in the scar tissue were also evaluated by (immuno)histochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results: One month after cell transplantation, ADSC induced a significant improvement in heart function (LVEF 46.3±9.6% versus 27.7±8% pre-transplant) and tissue viability (64.78±7.2% versus 55.89±6.3% pre-transplant). An increase in the degree of angiogenesis and a decrease in fibrosis were also detected. Although transplantation of AD-CMG or BM-MNC also had a positive, albeit smaller, effect on angiogenesis and fibrosis in the infarcted hearts, this benefit did not translate into a significant improvement in heart function or tissue viability. Conclusion: These results indicate that transplantation of adipose derived cells in chronic infarct provides a superior benefit to cardiac pre-differentiated ADSC and BM-MNC

The bone marrow niche regulates redox and energy balance in MLL::AF9 leukemia stem cells

Eradicating leukemia requires a deep understanding of the interaction between leukemic cells and their protective microenvironment. The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis has been postulated as a critical pathway dictating leukemia stem cell (LSC) chemoresistance in AML due to its role in controlling cellular egress from the marrow. Nevertheless, the cellular source of CXCL12 in the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) microenvironment and the mechanism by which CXCL12 exerts its protective role in vivo remain unresolved. Here, we show that CXCL12 produced by Prx1+ mesenchymal cells but not by mature osteolineage cells provide the necessary cues for the maintenance of LSCs in the marrow of an MLL::AF9-induced AML model. Prx1+ cells promote survival of LSCs by modulating energy metabolism and the REDOX balance in LSCs. Deletion of Cxcl12 leads to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and DNA damage in LSCs, impairing their ability to perpetuate leukemia in transplantation experiments, a defect that can be attenuated by antioxidant therapy. Importantly, our data suggest that this phenomenon appears to be conserved in human patients. Hence, we have identified Prx1+ mesenchymal cells as an integral part of the complex niche-AML metabolic intertwining, pointing towards CXCL12/CXCR4 as a target to eradicate parenchymal LSCs in AML