Approximate Sum-Capacity of the Y-channel

A network where three users want to establish multiple unicasts between each other via a relay is considered. This network is called the Y-channel and resembles an elemental ingredient of future wireless networks. The sum-capacity of this network is studied. A characterization of the sum-capacity within an additive gap of 2 bits, and a multiplicative gap of 4, for all values of channel gains and transmit powers is obtained. Contrary to similar setups where the cut-set bounds can be achieved within a constant gap, they can not be achieved in our case, where they are dominated by our new genie-aided bounds. Furthermore, it is shown that a time-sharing strategy, in which at each time two users exchange information using coding strategies of the bi-directional relay channel, achieves the upper bounds to within a constant gap. This result is further extended to the K-user case, where it is shown that the same scheme achieves the sum-capacity within 2log(K-1) bits.Comment: 36 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Trans. Info. Theory. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1102.278

Transformer Masked Autoencoders for Next-Generation Wireless Communications: Architecture and Opportunities

Next-generation communication networks are expected to exploit recent advances in data science and cutting-edge communications technologies to improve the utilization of the available communications resources. In this article, we introduce an emerging deep learning (DL) architecture, the transformer-masked autoencoder (TMAE), and discuss its potential in next-generation wireless networks. We discuss the limitations of current DL techniques in meeting the requirements of 5G and beyond 5G networks, and how the TMAE differs from the classical DL techniques can potentially address several wireless communication problems. We highlight various areas in next-generation mobile networks which can be addressed using a TMAE, including source and channel coding, estimation, and security. Furthermore, we demonstrate a case study showing how a TMAE can improve data compression performance and complexity compared to existing schemes. Finally, we discuss key challenges and open future research directions for deploying the TMAE in intelligent next-generation mobile networks.Comment: accepted to appear at IEEE Communications Magazin

Biobanking for necrotizing enterocolitis: Needs and standards

Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease that primarily affects premature infants. Despite medical advances, mortality and morbidity from NEC are still unacceptably high. This is partly because of the lack of specific biomarkers and therapies for this disease. Availability of high-quality biological samples and the associated data from premature infants are key to advance our understanding of NEC, and for biomarker discovery and drug development. To that end, the NEC Society Biorepository was established with the goal of promoting studies in human infants through sharing specialized biospecimen and data procurement for NEC research. Objective In this review, we will discuss the required infrastructure for biobanks, discuss the importance of informatics management, and emphasize the logistical requirements for sharing specimens. Finally, we will discuss the mechanism for how tissues and material will be shared between the institutions. Conclusion We have developed a state-of-the-art biobank for human infants to advance the field of NEC research. With the NEC Society Biorepository, we seek to facilitate and accelerate the basic and translational studies on NEC to provide hope to the infants afflicted with NEC and their families

Studying the Psychological Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Frontline Healthcare Workers

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress in frontline healthcare workers during the COVID 19 pandemic, and to identify if interventions and higher measures of resiliency helped to minimize the prevalence of symptoms.https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/nursresconf2021/1002/thumbnail.jp

Practical approach for capacity expansion of HV/MV substations in long range planning - The case of Beirut Central District

The aim of this paper it to present a new practical approach for determining capacity expansion of High Voltage/Medium Voltage (HV/MV) substations deployed in distribution power systems of a district area that is undergoing a planning period spanning over 10 years. It estimates electrical loads over the spanning period based on actual full occupancy loads of installed Medium Voltage/Low Voltage (MV/LV) transformers. The aim was to estimate accurately the expansion capacity of the existing HV/MV substations. The approach was initiated by performing a detailed analysis to determine the standards followed by the power utility in supplying its existing customers in the district area with full occupancy installed MV/LV transformers which were based on the land use and built-up area. The calculated values were then utilized in estimating electrical loads of the overall district's planned buildings given the yearly expansion of the built-up area. Finally, sensitivity analysis has been applied to determine the best estimates of the calculated loads over the planning period which was used to accurately determine the expansion capacity of the existing HV/MV substations. The Beirut Central District, undergoing major expansion works for the period starting 2010 and ending in 2030, was taken as a case study. The outcome of this approach revealed that an expansion capacity for its HV/MV substation of only 105 MW was needed to meet the load demand by the end of the planning period i.e. by year 2030. © 2016, Regional Energy Resources Information Center (RERIC). All rights reserved

Support for UNRWA's survival

The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) provides life-saving humanitarian aid for 5·4 million Palestine refugees now entering their eighth decade of statelessness and conflict. About a third of Palestine refugees still live in 58 recognised camps. UNRWA operates 702 schools and 144 health centres, some of which are affected by the ongoing humanitarian disasters in Syria and the Gaza Strip. It has dramatically reduced the prevalence of infectious diseases, mortality, and illiteracy. Its social services include rebuilding infrastructure and homes that have been destroyed by conflict and providing cash assistance and micro-finance loans for Palestinians whose rights are curtailed and who are denied the right of return to their homeland

Think outside the box: Incorporating secondary cognitive tasks into return to sport testing after ACL reconstruction

The optimal set of return to sport (RTS) tests after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and ACL reconstruction (ACLR) remains elusive. Many athletes fail to pass current RTS test batteries, fail to RTS, or sustain secondary ACL injuries if they do RTS. The purpose of this review is to summarize current literature regarding functional RTS testing after ACLR and to encourage clinicians to have patients “think” (add a secondary cognitive task) outside the “box” (in reference to the box used during the drop vertical jump task) when performing functional RTS tests. We review important criteria for functional tests in RTS testing, including task-specificity and measurability. Firstly, tests should replicate the sport-specific demands the athlete will encounter when they RTS. Many ACL injuries occur when the athlete is performing a dual cognitive-motor task (e.g., attending to an opponent while performing a cutting maneuver). However, most functional RTS tests do not incorporate a secondary cognitive load. Secondly, tests should be measurable, both through the athlete’s ability to complete the task safely (through biomechanical analyses) and efficiently (through measures of performance). We highlight and critically examine three examples of functional tests that are commonly used for RTS testing: the drop vertical jump, single-leg hop tests, and cutting tasks. We discuss how biomechanics and performance can be measured during these tasks, including the relationship these variables may have with injury. We then discuss how cognitive demands can be added to these tasks, and how these demands influence both biomechanics and performance. Lastly, we provide clinicians with practical recommendations on how to implement secondary cognitive tasks into functional testing and how to assess athletes’ biomechanics and performance

Transferring Power Sectors from Aging Utilities into Smart Grids-The Case of Lebanon

The substantial increases in the energy consumption during the second half of the last century have amplified the use of fossil fuels in various economic sectors, mainly the power sector. Also, the low-efficient technologies still adopted in many countries have mounted the losses associated with various energy conversion processes to substantial levels. Tasks and challenges associated with transferring power sectors from energy-wasting utilities into advanced smart grid-based utilities are discussed in this article. To transfer the Lebanese dilapidated and aging electrical power sector into a modern economically profitable sector, adopted two major projects have been adopted: the Lebanese Electrical Network Control Center and the Advanced Metering Infrastructure. This article explains the outcomes and impacts of the major components of these two projects; it article also discusses the problems encountered during the implementation process of the Lebanese Electrical Network Control Center, where several original software packages have been modified by the research team to properly integrate the Lebanese Electrical Network Control Center with the aging Lebanese power sector. Finally, the article describes the controlled design project, which also has been implemented as part of the Lebanese Electrical Network Control Center project and highlights problems associated with upgrading the high-voltage transmission lines. © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC