Increasing territorial capitalization by incorporation of small enterprises into clusters

Modernization of the Russian national economy depends on small businesses and their involvement in capitalization of the territorial potential. This article discusses methods, models, and mechanisms of territorial capitalization based on incorporation of small business enterprises into clusters along with medium- and large businesses. We propose an optimization model for assessing the efficiency of such clusters: our research has shown that this model can be applied for decision-making in regional strategic planning. Methodologically, this study relies on the theories of industrial development and economic growth, the industrial cluster theory, and the works of Russian and international researchers on mechanisms of management of territorial potential, their establishment and implementation. Capitalization of the region's resource potential manifests itself in the form of static and dynamic effects. We developed models of interaction between small and other businesses and structures within a cluster oriented towards territorial capitalization. We demonstrated that incorporation of a university into a cluster structure increases the innovative capacity of all cluster members. This research may be further expanded to study the mechanisms of involving small businesses operating in peripheral areas into clusters

Типологія сучасної французької соціальної реклами (Typology of modern French public advertising)

Статтю присвячено дослідженню критеріїв класифікації соціальної реклами, а саме аналізу різних типологій, запропонованих вітчизняними та зарубіжними вченими. Акцент зроблено на неспівпадінні термінологічного апара- ту, оскільки термін «соціальна реклама» використовується лише в межах пострадянського простору, натомість зарубіжні науковці оперують поняттями «суспільна» та «некомерційна» реклама. Також особливу увагу було приді- лено спробі створення власної типології за тематичним критерієм. Кожен підвид соціальної реклами проілюстро- вано конкретним прикладом французького рекламного повідомлення. (The article is devoted to the research of the classification criteria of public advertising and to the analysis of various typologies offered by domestic and foreign scholars. The focus was made on noncompliance of terminology, because the term «social advertising» is used only within the former Soviet Union, while foreign scientists use the term «public» and «noncommercial» advertising. Moreover, special attention has been focused on tentative to create our own typology based on the thematic criteria. Each type of public advertising is illustrated by concrete example of the French advertising message.

Tools for estimating the effectiveness of import-substituting modernization : sase in the agriculture of Russia

The paper explores the approaches to estimate the effectiveness of import substitution, justifies the need to develop a new tool that allows conducting a comprehensive analysis of the impact of import substitution policies on economic modernization. The authors‘ methodology for estimating import-substituting modernization based on an integral indicator is proposed and its practical approval is carried out using agriculture in Russia as an example. The analysis of the results allows the authors to conclude that the import-substituting modernization process is uneven and slow. To activate and accelerate the processes, it is necessary to stimulate domestic demand. The developed tools react quite sensitively to changes in the industry and make it possible to identify cause-effect relationships in a structured factorial analysis of processes.peer-reviewe

Professionally-Oriented Communicative Language Teaching Approach by the Design of a Computer Assisted ESP Course: Analysis of Results

Professionally-Oriented Communicative Language Teaching is an effective approach widely recognized among scientists and teachers which involves learners in authentic environment and communication and helps develop communicative competence of non-native speakers studying English for specific purposes (ESP). With the increase of Computer Assisted Language Learning teachers are constantly facing challenges to combine information technology with the Professionally-Oriented Communicative Language Teaching approach, and to develop and design relevant communicative activities which result in non-native speakers' of English improvement in communicative competence. The attempt to integrate computer assisted language environments and professionally oriented communicative language teaching results in the development of E-learning ESP courses in the Modular Object Oriented Developmental Learning Environment, based on the module "Electric systems and networks". The subjects of the study were sixty students, including students from Vietnam and the Czech Republic studying ESP at the Institute of Power Engineering of Tomsk Polytechnic University. The data was collected over a period of two years from the results of students' performance and a questionnaire survey concerning feedback on students' communicative language activities conducted during the course. The results indicate variations in the attitude of students from different countries to the developed communication activities. As the students state, however, the e-learning ESP course provides communicative situations similar to real ones and gives an opportunity to use the acquired knowledge in practical, professional, and research activity

Comparative analysis of the best practices in the economic policy of import substitution

The modern challenges, the sanctions and the state of the economy made it possible to implement the import-substitution policy measures. This article provides a brief overview of the policies of import substitution, which have been carried out in various countries since the middle of the last century.The evaluation of these practices by the scientists is considered and their conclusions are summarized. The main results of the policy of import substitution of the countries of Latin America, Asia, and Europe are summarized. To this end, the risks able to impede the implementation of the import substitution policies are identified herein, the performance criteria for the implementation of the policy at the general economic and sectoral levels are proposed, and the principles of the state approach to the import substitution are formulated.peer-reviewe

2H and 27Al Solid-State NMR Study of the Local Environments in Al-Doped 2-Line Ferrihydrite, Goethite, and Lepidocrocite.

Although substitution of aluminum into iron oxides and oxyhydroxides has been extensively studied, it is difficult to obtain accurate incorporation levels. Assessing the distribution of dopants within these materials has proven especially challenging because bulk analytical techniques cannot typically determine whether dopants are substituted directly into the bulk iron oxide or oxyhydroxide phase or if they form separate, minor phase impurities. These differences have important implications for the chemistry of these iron-containing materials, which are ubiquitous in the environment. In this work, 27Al and 2H NMR experiments are performed on series of Al-substituted goethite, lepidocrocite, and 2-line ferrihydrite in order to develop an NMR method to track Al substitution. The extent of Al substitution into the structural frameworks of each compound is quantified by comparing quantitative 27Al MAS NMR results with those from elemental analysis. Magnetic measurements are performed for the goethite series to compare with NMR measurements. Static 27Al spin-echo mapping experiments are used to probe the local environments around the Al substituents, providing clear evidence that they are incorporated into the bulk iron phases. Predictions of the 2H and 27Al NMR hyperfine contact shifts in Al-doped goethite and lepidocrocite, obtained from a combined first-principles and empirical magnetic scaling approach, give further insight into the distribution of the dopants within these phases.J.K., A.J.I., D.M. and N.P. were supported by an NSF grant collaborative research grant in chemistry CHE0714183. An allocation of time upon the NANO computer cluster at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, U.S.A., which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 is also acknowledged. D.S.M. and C.P.G. thank the EPSRC and the EU-ERC for support.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from the American Chemical Society via http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b0085

Russian industry in global value-added chains

The paper analyzes Russia's participation in global value-added chains in the context of global trends in their development and the challenges facing the Russian economy in modernizing its industry. The analysis is based on the OECD’s TiVA indicators. The results indicate that the extent of Russia's involvement in GVACs is very significant, but the nature of this participation is purely raw. The specificity of the participation of the Russian Federation in the international fragmentation of production within GVACs is that most of the links in value chains are bottom-up. Russia is extremely limited in using imported flows to create export products with high added value. The study confirms that in the international division of labor, Russia retains a historically established specialization, with predominance in the export of mineral and agricultural raw materials, which determines the current profile of Russia's participation in global value-added chains.peer-reviewe