Ocean-scale footprint of a highly mobile fishing fleet: Social-ecological drivers of fleet behaviour and evidence of illegal fishing.

Managing the footprint of highly mobile fishing fleets is increasingly important due to continuing declines in fish populations. However, social-ecological drivers for fisher behaviour remain poorly understood for many fleets globally. Using the Sri Lankan fleet as a case study, we explored the role of social, environmental and policy drivers of effort distribution and illegal fishing. We used semi-structured interviews and participatory mapping with 95 fishers, combined with explanatory modelling (GLM) and multivariate statistics, including principal component analysis (PCA). Our findings highlighted the broad footprint (~3,800,000 km2) of this fleet, with fishing effort expended in high seas (53.9%), domestic (40.9%) and, illegally, in foreign waters (5.2%). Twenty-six per cent of fishers directly admitted to fishing illegally in foreign waters during interviews, whereas 62% of fishers indicated doing so during participatory mapping. GLMs explained underlying decisions of where to fish (36% of the total deviance in effort distribution) as a function of social variables (14%), notably distance from landing sites (13%), and environmental variables (11%), notably sea surface temperature (10%). Multivariate analysis revealed that individual fisher characteristics associated with illegal fishing, such as a level of reliance on sharks, vary across the fleet. The analysis of qualitative data suggested that the influence of interpersonal and community social networks and perceptions of higher catch value, particularly of sharks, may be important. Our approach demonstrated the utility of mixed methods research, including the collection of qualitative data, for creating a detailed understanding of spatial behaviour, including decisions of whether to fish illegally. Results highlighted the importance of adopting a social-ecological lens to investigate drivers for human behaviour and non-compliance with rules. We advocate for a nuanced approach to monitoring and managing of fleets, including investigating localised social drivers for illegal fishing and enhancing regional transparency in fleet monitoring

Pharmaceutical practice / edited by Judith A. Rees, Ian Smith, Jennie Watson.

Includes index.xvii, 552 pages

The molecular basis of cancer / John Mendelsohn, MD, Director, Khalifa Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Past President, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Joe W. Gray, PhD, Gordon Moore Endowed Chair, Chairman, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Director, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, Associate Director for Translational Research, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon; Peter M. Howley, MD, Shattuck Professor of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Division of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachesetts; Mark A. Israel, MD, Director, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, Professor of Pediatrics and Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire; Craig B. Thompson, MD, President and CEO, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.

Includes bibliographical references and index.xxiii, 863 pages :The Molecular Basis of Cancer arms you with the latest knowledge and cutting-edge advances in the battle against cancer. This thoroughly revised, comprehensive oncology reference explores the scientific basis for our current understanding of malignant transformation and the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease. A team of leading experts thoroughly explains the molecular biologic principles that underlie the diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions now being used in clinical trials and practice