Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and its components in ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.)

Genetic variability, heritability, correlation and path analysis were estimated among 28 germplasm for 10 characters in Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the germplasm lines for number of secondary branches plant-1, number of umbels plant-1, number of umbellets umbel-1, seed yield plant-1, harvest index and oil content, suggesting sufficient amount of variability in the experimental material. The estimates of genotypic coefficient variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient variation (PCV) indicated the existence of fairly high degree of variability for seed yield plant-1, oil content, number of umbels plant-1 and harvest index. Lower values of GCV and PCV were recorded in number of umbellets umbel-1 indicating the important role of environment in the expression of the characters. High heritability associated with moderate genetic advance was recorded in traits like harvest index and seed yield plant-1. The association study among characters revealed that seed yield was positively and significantly correlated with number of umbellets plant-1. Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of umbellets plant-1 had maximum positive direct effect on seed yield plant-1. &nbsp

Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and its components in ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.)

Genetic variability, heritability, correlation and path analysis were estimated among 28 germplasm for 10 characters in Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the germplasm lines for number of secondary branches plant-1, number of umbels plant-1, number of umbellets umbel-1, seed yield plant-1, harvest index and oil content, suggesting sufficient amount of variability in the experimental material. The estimates of genotypic coefficient variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient variation (PCV) indicated the existence of fairly high degree of variability for seed yield plant-1, oil content, number of umbels plant-1 and harvest index. Lower values of GCV and PCV were recorded in number of umbellets umbel-1 indicating the important role of environment in the expression of the characters. High heritability associated with moderate genetic advance was recorded in traits like harvest index and seed yield plant-1. The association study among characters revealed that seed yield was positively and significantly correlated with number of umbellets plant-1. Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of umbellets plant-1 had maximum positive direct effect on seed yield plant-1. &nbsp

Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care (JBDS-IP) Clinical Guideline Inpatient care of the frail older adult with diabetes: an Executive Summary

We present an Executive Summary of a guideline produced by a Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care Writing Group for managing frail older inpatients with diabetes. This represents a multidisciplinary stakeholder consensus document providing more than 100 recommendations in eight areas: functional assessment and detection of frailty; preventative care: assessing risk factors and avoiding hospital admissions; general inpatient management principles; managing therapy choices for the frail older inpatient with diabetes; managing associated comorbidities and concerns; pre-operative assessment and care; discharge planning and principles of follow-up; and end of life care. The document is intended to guide effective clinical decision-making in an inpatient setting and is supported by four appendices: Appendix 1, STOPPFRAIL criteria; Appendix 2, Acute care toolkit 3-Royal College of Physicians; Appendix 3, a description of physical performance and frailty measures for routine NHS application; and Appendix 4, Inpatient Frailty Care Pathway-template. This document is expected to enhance clinical outcomes and overall health status for this vulnerable inpatient population of older people with diabetes. The full version of the guideline, including the appendices, can be found at https://abcd.care/sites/abcd.care/files/resources/Inpatient_Care_of_the_Frail_Older_Adult.pdf

Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path analysis for yield and its components in ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.)

Genetic variability, heritability, correlation and path analysis were estimated among 28 germplasm for 10 characters in Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the germplasm lines for number of secondary branches plant-1, number of umbels plant-1, number of umbellets umbel-1, seed yield plant-1, harvest index and oil content, suggesting sufficient amount of variability in the experimental material. The estimates of genotypic coefficient variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient variation (PCV) indicated the existence of fairly high degree of variability for seed yield plant-1, oil content, number of umbels plant-1 and harvest index. Lower values of GCV and PCV were recorded in number of umbellets umbel-1 indicating the important role of environment in the expression of the characters. High heritability associated with moderate genetic advance was recorded in traits like harvest index and seed yield plant-1. The association study among characters revealed that seed yield was positively and significantly correlated with number of umbellets plant-1. Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of umbellets plant-1 had maximum positive direct effect on seed yield plant-1. &nbsp

Antithrombin-III Mitigates Thrombin-Mediated Endothelial Cell Contraction and Sickle Red Blood Cell Adhesion in Microscale Flow

Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) have persistently elevated thrombin generation that results in a state of systemic hypercoagulability. Antithrombin-III (ATIII), an endogenous serine protease inhibitor, inhibits several enzymes in the coagulation cascade, including thrombin. Here, we utilize a biomimetic microfluidic device to model the morphology and adhesive properties of endothelial cells (ECs) activated by thrombin and examine the efficacy of ATIII in mitigating the adhesion of SCD patient-derived red blood cells (RBCs) and EC retraction. Microfluidic devices were fabricated, seeded with ECs, and incubated under physiological shear stress. Cells were then activated with thrombin with or without an ATIII pretreatment. Blood samples from subjects with normal haemoglobin (HbAA) and subjects with homozygous SCD (HbSS) were used to examine RBC adhesion to ECs. Endothelial cell surface adhesion molecule expression and confluency in response to thrombin and ATIII treatments were also evaluated. We found that ATIII pretreatment of ECs reduced HbSS RBC adhesion to thrombin-activated endothelium. Furthermore, ATIII mitigated cellular contraction and reduced surface expression of von Willebrand factor and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) mediated by thrombin. Our findings suggest that, by attenuating thrombin-mediated EC damage and RBC adhesion to endothelium, ATIII may alleviate the thromboinflammatory manifestations of SCD

Factors influencing self-management of adrenal crises in patients with adrenal insufficiency: a qualitative study

Objective: Adrenal crisis is a life-threatening complication that requires urgent administration of parenteral hydrocortisone. Current patient education interventions remain ineffective, contributing to preventable hospitalisations and deaths. This study explored the lived experiences of individuals with adrenal insufficiency, focusing on the factors influencing self-management during adrenal crises. Methods: This qualitative study employed online semi-structured interviews with adults with adrenal insufficiency who had experienced at least one adrenal crisis in the past three years. Participants were recruited via patient advocacy groups in the United Kingdom. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach, allowing themes to emerge directly from the data without imposing predetermined categories. Results: Twelve themes, grouped into four overarching domains, captured individual experiences of managing adrenal crises: 1) Knowledge and Experience, 2) Tools and Training, 3) Psychological and Emotional Impact, and 4) Support and Dependence on Others. Participants reported challenges including delayed diagnosis, difficulties recognising adrenal crisis symptoms, and the complexity of the hydrocortisone injection process. However, prior experiences of adrenal crises, patient education, and advocacy resources fostered greater confidence in self-management. Participants highlighted the need for simplified injection devices, clearer stress dosing guidelines, improved training for healthcare professionals, and increased public awareness. Conclusion: Findings from this qualitative study emphasise that effective adrenal crisis management requires patient-centred, evidence-based interventions focusing on education, healthcare professional training, and public awareness. Simplified hydrocortisone delivery devices and systemic reforms are crucial to supporting self-management and minimising preventable hospitalisations and fatalities caused by adrenal crises. Plain language summary: People with adrenal insufficiency face life-threatening emergencies called adrenal crises, which need urgent treatment with hydrocortisone injections. In this study, 12 people shared their struggles, including complex injection procedures, severe symptoms which made self-injection challenging and limited support to manage these crises effectively. Simpler injection devices, better information and improved training for healthcare staff could help people self-manage their condition better, prevent avoidable hospital admissions and save lives

A guideline for the outpatient management of glycaemic control in people with cancer

Individuals with cancer are at increased risk of developing new onset diabetes mellitus and hyperglycaemia, and an estimated 20% of people with cancer already have an underlying diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. People with both cancer and diabetes may have an increased risk of toxicities, hospital admissions and morbidity, with hyperglycaemia potentially attenuating the efficacy of chemotherapy often secondary to dose reductions and early cessation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that hyperglycaemia is prognostic of worse overall survival and risk of cancer recurrence. These guidelines aim to provide the oncology/haemato-oncology and diabetes multidisciplinary teams with the tools to manage people with diabetes commencing anti-cancer/ glucocorticoid therapy, as well as identifying individuals without a known diagnosis of diabetes who are at risk of developing hyperglycaemia and new onset diabetes

ESMO-ESGO consensus conference recommendations on ovarian cancer: Pathology and molecular biology, early and advanced stages, borderline tumours and recurrent disease

The development of guidelines is one of the core activities of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and European Society of Gynaecologial Oncology (ESGO), as part of the mission of both societies to improve the quality of care for patients with cancer across Europe. ESMO and ESGO jointly developed clinically-relevant and evidence-based guidelines in several selected areas in order to improve the quality of care for women with ovarian cancer. The ESMO-ESGO consensus conference on ovarian cancer was held on 12-14 April 2018 in Milan, Italy, and comprised a multidisciplinary panel of 40 leading experts in the management of ovarian cancer. Before the conference, the expert panel worked on five clinically relevant questions regarding ovarian cancer relating to each of the following four areas: pathology and molecular biology, early-stage and borderline tumours, advanced stage disease and recurrent disease. Relevant scientific literature, as identified using a systematic search, was reviewed in advance. During the consensus conference, the panel developed recommendations for each specific question and a consensus was reached. The recommendations presented here are thus based on the best available evidence and expert agreement. This article presents the recommendations of this ESMO-ESGO consensus conference, together with a summary of evidence supporting each recommendation

Dexamethasone therapy in COVID-19 patients:implications and guidance for the management of blood glucose in people with and without diabetes

The RECOVERY (Randomised Evaluation of COVid-19 thERapY) trial found that dexamethasone 6 mg once per day for 10 days reduced deaths by one-third in ventilated patients and by one-fifth in other patients, receiving oxygen therapy. This equates to the prevention of one death in around eight ventilated patients, or one in around 25 patients requiring oxygen

Type 1 Diabetes in care homes: A practical guide on management

The primary purpose of the original NAPCHD project was to develop a national Strategic Document of Diabetes Care for Care Homes which has now been completed and well received as a worthwhile, sustainable, and effective guidance for delivering quality diabetes care in the UK. A Working Group of NAPCHD was established to produce a Position Statement on type 1 diabetes in care homes since this area was recommended as a topic to further develop. There are currently limited data on the prevalence and clinical outcomes associated with type 1 diabetes in care homes and management policies have been non-existent in the UK. Communication among all key stakeholders involved in direct care of residents with type 1 diabetes is generally fragmented and lacks coordination. This is compounded by a slowly growing utilisation of diabetes technology and the absence of a standard/agreed community-based model of interdisciplinary collaboration. The Rationale and Objectives were defined prior to commencing the work and a work plan with individual tasks was initially set out. After multiple correspondences and Team calls over a period of 9 months, the Group successfully generated a first draft in October 2023. This draft was then finalised the following month and circulated among stakeholders for feedback. Nine chapters have been provided including minimum standards of diabetes care, insulin regimens, avoiding hospitalisation and discharge planning. A scheme for a community-based model of care for type 1 diabetes has been included. Eight key messages were developed. In addition, an Appendix has been created which includes key assessments such as nutritional assessment, detection of frailty, sick day rules and foot risk stratification (available online)