Crowdsourced logistics : the pickup and delivery problem with transshipments and occasional drivers

This article considers a setting in which a courier, express, and parcel service provider operates a fleet of vehicles with regular drivers (RDs) to ship parcels from pickup to delivery points. Additionally, the company uses a platform where occasional drivers (ODs) offer their willingness to take on requests that are on or near the route they had originally planned. There exist transshipment points (TPs) to better integrate these ODs. ODs or RDs may transfer load at these predetermined TPs. The problem is modeled as a mixed-integer programming model and called pickup and delivery problem with transshipments and occasional drivers (PDPTOD). We develop a solution approach based on an adaptive large neighborhood search. The article provides insights on how the number and location of TPs impact the cost advantages achieved by integrating ODs. It also shows that the cost savings are highly sensitive to the assumed flexibility and compensation scheme

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

Texto completo: acesso restrito. p. 1434-1441In the Brazilian HIV-1 epidemic subtypes B, C, and F1 are cocirculating in the high risk population groups, and there is a high prevalence of intersubtype recombinant forms. The dynamic nature of the HIV epidemic in Brazil led us to study HIV-1 subtypes present in HIV-infected blood donations collected from 2001 to 2003. Donations from 91 seropositive donors were evaluated. Genetic subtype was obtained for 88 specimens based on sequence analysis of gag p24, pol IN, and env gp41 IDR. HIV-1 subtype B was the predominant strain present in the donor population (73.9%). A significant prevalence of intersubtype recombinants of subtypes B and F1 was found (22.7%). Subtype C (1.1%) and F1 (2.3%) were rare. None of the B/F1 recombinants is CRF28_BF or CRF29_BF. The high level of unique B/F1 recombinant strains in this population demonstrates the dynamic and complex nature of the HIV epidemic in Brazil

Industry 4.0 and Service Companies: The Case of the French Postal Service

International audienceThe aim of this article is to overview the transition of smart logistic companies towards the Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0 is a generic concept that subscribes to the idea of a general awareness of the importance of new technologies for the manufacturing industry. This reflection aims to conserve and develop a strong and innovative industrial activity to support the modernization of different fields. In the case of high volumes service companies, many reasons have led to this modernization; remarkable increase in the volume of items to deliver, complexity of managing the transportation system and the personnel scheduling, humanization of work conditions, etc. In this work, The French postal service company, La Poste, is given as a particular case of study. La Poste daily treats high volumes of mail and parcel items. In this article, the organization of the French postal service system from the collect to the delivery is explicitly described. A literature review of different concerned research axes is presented. Finally, we present what we think are the future needs for researches in these axes