emerging perspectives for flood risk assessment and management

Flood estimation and flood management have traditionally been the domain of hydrologists, water resources engineers and statisticians, and disciplinary approaches abound. Dominant views have been shaped; one example is the catchment perspective: floods are formed and influenced by the interaction of local, catchment-specific characteristics, such as meteorology, topography and geology. These traditional views have been beneficial, but they have a narrow framing. In this paper we contrast traditional views with broader perspectives that are emerging from an improved understanding of the climatic context of floods. We come to the following conclusions: (1) extending the traditional system boundaries (local catchment, recent decades, hydrological/hydraulic processes) opens up exciting possibilities for better understanding and improved tools for flood risk assessment and management. (2) Statistical approaches in flood estimation need to be complemented by the search for the causal mechanisms and dominant processes in the atmosphere, catchment and river system that leave their fingerprints on flood characteristics. (3) Natural climate variability leads to time-varying flood characteristics, and this variation may be partially quantifiable and predictable, with the perspective of dynamic, climate-informed flood risk management. (4) Efforts are needed to fully account for factors that contribute to changes in all three risk components (hazard, exposure, vulnerability) and to better understand the interactions between society and floods. (5) Given the global scale and societal importance, we call for the organization of an international multidisciplinary collaboration and data-sharing initiative to further understand the links between climate and flooding and to advance flood research

Floods and climate: emerging perspectives for flood risk assessment and management

Flood estimation and flood management have traditionally been the domain of hydrologists, water resources engineers and statisticians, and disciplinary approaches abound. Dominant views have been shaped; one example is the catchment perspective: floods are formed and influenced by the interaction of local, catchment-specific characteristics, such as meteorology, topography and geology. These traditional views have been beneficial, but they have a narrow framing. In this paper we contrast traditional views with broader perspectives that are emerging from an improved understanding of the climatic context of floods. We come to the following conclusions: (1) extending the traditional system boundaries (local catchment, recent decades, hydrological/hydraulic processes) opens up exciting possibilities for better understanding and improved tools for flood risk assessment and management. (2) Statistical approaches in flood estimation need to be complemented by the search for the causal mechanisms and dominant processes in the atmosphere, catchment and river system that leave their fingerprints on flood characteristics. (3) Natural climate variability leads to time-varying flood characteristics, and this variation may be partially quantifiable and predictable, with the perspective of dynamic, climate-informed flood risk management. (4) Efforts are needed to fully account for factors that contribute to changes in all three risk components (hazard, exposure, vulnerability) and to better understand the interactions between society and floods. (5) Given the global scale and societal importance, we call for the organization of an international multidisciplinary collaboration and data-sharing initiative to further understand the links between climate and flooding and to advance flood research

The SEURAT-1 Approach towards Animal Free Human Safety Assessment

SEURAT-1 is a European public-private research consortium that is working towards animal-free testing of chemical compounds and the highest level of consumer protection. A research strategy was formulated based on the guiding principle to adopt a toxicological mode-of-action framework to describe how any substance may adversely affect human health. The proof of the initiative will be in demonstrating the applicability of the concepts on which SEURAT-1 is built on three levels: (i) Theoretical prototypes for adverse outcome pathways are formulated based on knowledge already available in the scientific literature on investigating the toxicological modes-of-action leading to adverse outcomes (addressing mainly liver toxicity); (ii) adverse outcome pathway descriptions are used as a guide for the formulation of case studies to further elucidate the theoretical model and to develop integrated testing strategies for the prediction of certain toxicological effects (i.e., those related to the adverse outcome pathway descriptions); (iii) further case studies target the application of knowledge gained within SEURAT-1 in the context of safety assessment. The ultimate goal would be to perform ab initio predictions based on a complete understanding of toxicological mechanisms. In the near-term, it is more realistic that data from innovative testing methods will support read-across arguments. Both scenarios are addressed with case studies for improved safety assessment. A conceptual framework for a rational integrated assessment strategy emerged from designing the case studies and is discussed in the context of international developments focusing on alternative approaches for evaluating chemicals using the new 21st century tools for toxicity testing

Management of Lost Atherectomy Devices in the Coronary Arteries

\ua9 2025 The Author(s). Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Rotational and orbital atherectomy are important tools to treat calcific coronary disease. Entrapment of an atherectomy device, that is, rotational atherectomy burr or orbital atherectomy crown, is a serious complication during atherectomy. Loss of an atherectomy device is a more challenging complication that usually follows device entrapment. Although uncommon, given the increased adoption of atherectomy, it is important for interventional cardiologist to understand the mechanisms and principles for prevention and management of lost atherectomy devices. Given the paucity of reported cases, there is no clear consensus or defined approach as to how this complication is best managed. The current recommendations for burr/crown entrapment are generally to remove everything from the coronary vasculature and range from different percutaneous strategies and ultimately cardiac surgery. Conservative treatment with leaving the burr within the coronary vasculature has not been recommended. This article serves to review and provide a contemporary update on the management of lost atherectomy devices in the coronary arteries. We review the management and techniques centered around cases of lost atherectomy devices including a unique cohort of patients with lost burrs/crowns that were left in the coronary arteries. Finally, we provide an algorithmic approach to the contemporary management of lost atherectomy devices, incorporating a conservative strategy arm, and discuss situations where this may be considered

Transient parkinsonism in isolated extrapontine myelinolysis

Extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM) is a rare cause of parkinsonism. In this case report, we describe a 63-year-old woman with parkinsonism due to EPM after correction of hyponatremia. During a 4-year follow-up, both the clinical features of parkinsonism and the changes on magnetic resonance imaging resolved. Parkinsonism due to EPM should be recognized as it has a good prognosis

Agricultural GHG emissions in the EU: an exploratory economic assessment of mitigation policy options

This report provides a quantitative assessment of possible implications of the implementation of specific policy options to mitigate agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the EU. The mitigation policy scenarios proposed and analysed within this report are all exploratory, i.e. it is intended to explore what could happen if policies would be implemented that explicitly force farmers in the EU to reach certain GHG emission reduction targets. It has to be stressed that all policy scenarios are rather theoretical and hypothetical and do not necessarily reflect mitigation policies that are already agreed on, or are under formal discussion

Sustainable agricultural sector: A key component of EU economic prosperity and security – An economic modellers’ perspective.

The EU is facing a convergence of strategic challenges — geopolitical uncertainty, climate crisis, economic stagnation, and social inequality. The 2024–2029 Strategic Agenda underscores the urgency to ensure Europe remains free, democratic, secure, competitive, and prosperous. Agriculture, as a cornerstone of the EU’s economy, food system, and environmental landscape, is central to this transformation. Business as usual is no longer an option. Despite its strengths, the agri-food sector is showing signs of vulnerability: stagnating yields, slow innovation uptake, critical import dependencies (e.g., fertilisers), environmental degradation, and a growing gap between large and small farms. At the same time, this sector holds untapped potential to support the green transition, economic growth, and food security. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), representing nearly one-third of the EU budget, is the primary instrument for shaping this transformation. Ensuring its effectiveness in the post-2027 era requires renewed vision, evidence-based guidance, and systems thinking across economic, environmental, and social domains. This joint paper synthesises the insights of leading agri-economic modelling teams to guide future CAP development. It identifies five Priority Action Areas (PAAs) — income & resilience, nutrient autonomy, trade, innovation in the bioeconomy, and digitalisation — and proposes future directions for modelling tools to better assess complex policy trade-offs. Drawing on decades of experience in model-based policy analysis, the paper not only offers strategic advice to policymakers but also outlines a forward-looking modelling agenda. This includes greater integration of environmental and economic data, better representation of innovation and consumer shifts, and enhanced systems-level understanding of the agri-food bioeconomy. The paper serves as a contribution to current and upcoming discussions on CAP post-2027, European food system transformation, and strategic autonomy. It is intended as a tool for dialogue with policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders aiming to co-create a sustainable and prosperous agricultural future for Europe