ESTEROLES PRESENTES EN EL EXTRACTO APOLAR DE LAS RAÍCES DE AJO SACHA Mansoa alliacea

From the apolar extract of the roots of garlic Sacha Mansoa alliacea collected in the Botanical garden of Center of Rehabilitation of addictions and research of traditional medicines – Takiwasi (Tarapoto, San Martin region, in the Peruvian Amazon) identified stigmasterol (90,36 %) and γ-sitosterol (8,76 %) as their main sterols, wich were analyzed by gas chromatography and identified by their mass spectra. In addition, was the qualitative analisys of the secondary metabolites.A partir del extracto apolar de las raíces de Ajo sacha Mansoa alliacea colectadas en el Jardín Botánico del Centro de Rehabilitación de Adicciones y de Investigación de Medicinas Tradicionales - Takiwasi (Tarapoto, región San Martín, en la Amazonía peruana) se identificaron el estigmasterol (90,36 %) y el γ- sitosterol (8,76 %) como sus principales esteroles, los cuales fueron analizados mediante cromatografía de gases e identificados mediante sus espectros de masas. Adicionalmente, se realizó el análisis cualitativo de sus metabolitos secundarios

Arterial line pressure control enhanced extracorporeal blood flow prescription in hemodialysis patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In hemodialysis, extracorporeal blood flow (Qb) recommendation is 300–500 mL/min. To achieve the best Qb, we based our prescription on dynamic arterial line pressure (DALP).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This prospective study included 72 patients with catheter Group 1 (G1), 1877 treatments and 35 arterio-venous (AV) fistulae Group 2 (G2), 1868 treatments. The dialysis staff was trained to prescribe Qb sufficient to obtain DALP between -200 to -250 mmHg. We measured ionic clearance (IK: mL/min), access recirculation, DALP (mmHg) and Qb (mL/min). Six prescription zones were identified: from an optimal A zone (Qb > 400, DALP -200 to -250) to zones with lower Qb E (Qb < 300, DALP -200 to -250) and F (Qb < 300, DALP > -199).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Treatments distribution in A was 695 (37%) in G1 vs. 704 (37.7%) in G2 (<it>P </it>= 0.7). In B 150 (8%) in G1 vs. 458 (24.5%) in G2 (<it>P </it>< 0.0001). Recirculation in A was 10.0% (Inter quartile rank, IQR 6.5, 14.2) in G1 vs. 9.8% (IQR 7.5, 14.1) in G2 (<it>P </it>= 0.62). IK in A was 214 ± 34 (G1) vs. 213 ± 35 (G2) (<it>P </it>= 0.65). IK Anova between G2 zones was: A vs. C and D (<it>P </it>< 0.000001). Staff prescription adherence was 81.3% (G1) vs. 84.1% (G2) (<it>P </it>= 0.02).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In conclusion, an optimal Qb can de prescribed with DALP of -200 mmHg. Staff adherence to DLAP treatment prescription could be reached up to 81.3% in catheters and 84.1% in AV fistulae.</p

Incidence and survival of childhood bone cancer in northern England and the West Midlands, 1981–2002

There is a paucity of population-based studies examining incidence and survival trends in childhood bone tumours. We used high quality data from four population-based registries in England. Incidence patterns and trends were described using Poisson regression. Survival trends were analysed using Cox regression. There were 374 cases of childhood (ages 0–14 years) bone tumours (206 osteosarcomas, 144 Ewing sarcomas, 16 chondrosarcomas, 8 other bone tumours) registered in the period 1981–2002. Overall incidence (per million person years) rates were 2.63 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.27–2.99) for osteosarcoma, 1.90 (1.58–2.21) for Ewing sarcoma and 0.21 (0.11–0.31) for chondrosarcoma. Incidence of Ewing sarcoma declined at an average rate of 3.1% (95% CI 0.6–5.6) per annum (P=0.04), which may be due to tumour reclassification, but there was no change in osteosarcoma incidence. Survival showed marked improvement over the 20 years (1981–2000) for Ewing sarcoma (hazard ratio (HR) per annum=0.95 95% CI 0.91–0.99; P=0.02). However, no improvement was seen for osteosarcoma patients (HR per annum=1.02 95% CI 0.98–1.05; P=0.35) over this time period. Reasons for failure to improve survival including potential delays in diagnosis, accrual to trials, adherence to therapy and lack of improvement in treatment strategies all need to be considered

ESTEROLES PRESENTES EN EL EXTRACTO APOLAR DE LAS RAÍCES DE AJO SACHA Mansoa alliacea

A partir del extracto apolar de las raíces de Ajo sacha Mansoa alliacea colectadas en el Jardín Botánico del Centro de Rehabilitación de Adicciones y de Investigación de Medicinas Tradicionales - Takiwasi (Tarapoto, región San Martín, en la Amazonía peruana) se identificaron el estigmasterol (90,36 %) y el γ- sitosterol (8,76 %) como sus principales esteroles, los cuales fueron analizados mediante cromatografía de gases e identificados mediante sus espectros de masas. Adicionalmente, se realizó el análisis cualitativo de sus metabolitos secundarios.</jats:p

Unrelated Donor Bone Marrow Transplants in Children

Only a small proportion of children who might benefit from bone marrow transplant (BMT) have an HLA-identical sibling. To provide this potentially curative therapy to patients without a matched related donor, marrow transplants using less well matched related donors or unrelated donors (identified through computerized donor registries) have been performed. We report the outcome of 24 consecutive unrelated donor BMT's performed on children. Eligible diagnosis included acute leukemia (AL) (n = 15), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) (n = 4), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (n = 3), and severe aplastic anemia (SAA) (n = 2). All donor/recipient pairs were sero-matched at 5 or 6 of the 6 HLA A, B, and DR antigens. Several different preparative regimens were used, but fractionated total body irradiation (TBI) was used in 20 patients. All recipients received graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with cyclosporine-A (CSA), four with short course methotrexate (MTX), 14 in combination with short course MTX and methylprednisolone (MPS), and five in combination with a mouse monoclonal antibody to CD5, coupled to the A-chain of ricin (Xomazyme-65). One patient received CSA and MPS alone after a T-cell depleted marrow transplant. Twenty of 23 evaluable recipients engrafted (87%). Two patients with CML never engrafted and had autologous marrow recovery, one patient with SAA died at 128 days without evidence of engraftment, and there was one early death at day + 9. Fourteen of 20 patients (70%) with stable donor-derived hematopoiesis developed significant acute GVHD ≥ grade II). Eleven of 15 engrafted patients who survived &gt; 100 days after BMT developed chronic GVHD (73%). Thirteen patients survive, 10 disease-free; 2 yr actuarial survival and disease-free survival are 47% and 41%, respectively. Of the 19 engrafted patients with leukemia or MDS, only three have relapsed. The actuarial relapse risk at 2 yr is 24%. Unrelated donor transplants in children are associated with an increased risk of GVHD and nonengraftment compared to matched sibling transplants. Increased donor age is significantly associated with a greater risk of acute GVHD. </jats:p

Cómo crecer con don Crecencio. Para no gasta de más, tu mochila calibrarás

Los herbicidas ayudan a controlar las malezas y aumentar la producción, pero se debe tomar en cuenta el equipo y su mantenimiento con el que se aplican los herbicidas para su buena aplicación.12 page

Cómo crecer con don Crecencio. No soy Flojo: yo siembro Agricultura de Conservación

La Agricultura de Conservación es una forma de sembrar en la que se cuida la tierra y la parcela, el rastrojo protege al suelo del viento y la lluvia dejando sin nutrientes a las plantas que son sembradas para el siguiente año.12 page

Development and validation of an instrument for assessing cognitive distortions in patients with end-stage renal disease [Desarrollo y validaci�n de un instrumento para la evaluaci�n de distorsiones cognitivas en pacientes con insuficiencia renal cr�nica terminal]

Background Psychological disturbances are common in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). From the cognitive-behavioral theoretical perspective, they may be due largely to specific cognitive distortions (CD) that are likely to be modified by brief interventions. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an instrument for evaluation of specific CD among patients with CRF. Method A questionnaire with an encouraging phrase for each of five categories of CD (catastrophizing, dichotomous thinking, outside self-worth, negative self-labeling, and perfectionism) was developed. This was applied to 21 patients with CRF (11 women and 10 men). Based on the technique of natural semantic networks, a set of responses (defining words) with greater semantic weight to each sentence stimulus (core network) were identified and a pilot instrument was developed. This one was applied along with Bec?s inventories of anxiety and depression among 255 patients with CRF (118 women, 137 men) attended in four different hospitals. Results The pilot questionnaire was composed of 46 items with greater semantic weight between 343 original defining words. Sixteen items were discarded for lack of ability to discriminate (1), low internal reliability (8) and duplicated in more than one factor (7). The final instrument of 30 items had an internal consistency of 0.93 for the total scale and more than 0.75 in all subscales. The five factors correlated positively and significantly with each other and with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Conclusions The instrument that is presented is a valid and reliable measure to assess five CD associated with depression and anxiety in Mexican patients with CRF. It is suggested as a useful tool for the design and evaluation of cognitive behavioral interventions for depression and anxiety among patients with CRF