A Study of Some Iterative Methods for Solving Fuzzy Volterra-Fredholm Integral Equations

This paper mainly focuses on the recent advances in the some approximated methods for solving fuzzy Volterra-Fredholm integral equations, namely, Adomian decomposition method, variational iteration method and homotopy analysis method. We converted fuzzy Volterra-Fredholm integral equation to a system of Volterra-Fredholm integral equation in crisp case. The approximated methods using to find the approximate solutions of this system and hence obtain an approximation for the fuzzy solution of the fuzzy Volterra-Fredholm integral equation. To assess the accuracy of each method, algorithms with Mathematica 6 according is used. Also, some numerical examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicabilityof the proposed techniques.This paper mainly focuses on the recent advances in the some approximated methods for solvingfuzzy Volterra-Fredholm integral equations, namely, Adomian decomposition method, variational iterationmethod and homotopy analysis method. We converted fuzzy Volterra-Fredholm integral equation to asystem of Volterra-Fredholm integral equation in crisp case. The approximated methods using to find theapproximate solutions of this system and hence obtain an approximation for the fuzzy solution of the fuzzyVolterra-Fredholm integral equation. To assess the accuracy of each method, algorithms with Mathematica 6according is used. Also, some numerical examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicabilityof the proposed techniques

IDIOMS AND CULTURE: EXPLORING THE INTER-INFLUENCE BETWEEN ENGLISH AND OTHER LANGUAGES

Purpose of the study: The aim of this paper is to study the interplay of multilingual idioms through source and time with a caveat that it is an endless pursuit. Methodology: In this research, logical analysis and modeling are used. Results: For the very reason that idioms are formed in a context, such learners and users must be very careful while using them. It is important for them to be well versed with the nuances and fine points of the foreign language before they venture into the use of idioms. Also, straightaway translating idioms from one’s native language into a foreign language can truly lead to disastrous communication glitches. Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the Idioms and culture is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion in blended cement concretes expores to chloride-sulfate environments

This paper reports the results of a study conducted to investigate the influence of sulphate concentration and associated cation type on chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion in blended cement concretes. Reinforced concrete specimens were exposed to chloride plus sulphate solutions for a period of 1200 days. The exposure solutions contained a fixed concentration of 5% sodium chloride and the sulphate concentration was varied from 0 to 4% SO4 2 . The effect of cation type associated with sulphate ions, namely Naþ and Mgþþ, on chloride-induced reinforcement corrosion was also evaluated. Reinforcement corrosion was assessed by measuring corrosion potentials and corrosion current density at regular intervals. The results indicated that the presence of sulphate ions in the chloride solution increased the corrosion current density, but no significant effect on the time to initiation of reinforcement corrosion was noted. Further, the corrosion current density increased with increasing sulphate concentration and the period of exposure. The corrosion current density on steel in the blended cement concrete specimens was much less than that in the plain cement concrete specimens, indicating that the corrosion resistance of blended cements was much better than that of plain cements. The cation type associated with sulphate ions did not significantly influence either the initiation or rate of reinforcement corrosion

Verifiable secure computation of linear fractional programming using certificate validation

Outsourcing of scientic computations is attracting increasing attention since it enables the customers with limited computing resource and storage devices to outsource the sophisticated computation workloads into powerful service providers. However, it also comes up with some security and privacy concerns and challenges, such as the input and output privacy of the customers, and cheating behaviors of the cloud. Motivated by these issues, this paper focused on privacy-preserving Linear Fractional Programming (LFP) as a typical and practically relevant case for veriable secure multiparty computation. We will investigate the secure and veriable schema with correctness guarantees, by using normal multiparty techniques to compute the result of a computation and then using veriable techniques only to verify that this result was correct

Numerical Simulation on Conventional Ventilation System for Hospital Operating Room

Communities in the poor countries suffer from poor quality of health services. In the Republic of Yemen as one of those countries, some hospitals especially medium and small suffer of many problems which adversely affect health community life. This paper presents a case study conducted in a hospital operating room in Yemen, also computational fluids dynamics (CFD) analysis of the airflow, and temperature distribution are presented and discussed. The operating room model includes a patient lying on an operating table, four surgical staff, two air supply and four air exhausts. Results of simulation show a good agreement with experimental data from the literature and adopted standard. It is found that the airflow and air velocity significantly affects the thermal comfort of all workers in the operating room. Therefore, the air that enters the operating room is very importance and affects the room temperature. It is observed that the application of CFD in hospitals will give rise to design the internal environment and improved health outcomes especially in a country like Yemen

Reduced microvascular density in omental biopsies of children with chronic kidney disease

Endothelial dysfunction is an early manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and consistently observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that CKD is associated with systemic damage to the microcirculation, preceding macrovascular pathology. To assess the degree of "uremic microangiopathy", we have measured microvascular density in biopsies of the omentum of children with CKD.Omental tissue was collected from 32 healthy children (0-18 years) undergoing elective abdominal surgery and from 23 age-matched cases with stage 5 CKD at the time of catheter insertion for initiation of peritoneal dialysis. Biopsies were analyzed by independent observers using either a manual or an automated imaging system for the assessment of microvascular density. Quantitative immunohistochemistry was performed for markers of autophagy and apoptosis, and for the abundance of the angiogenesis-regulating proteins VEGF-A, VEGF-R2, Angpt1 and Angpt2.Microvascular density was significantly reduced in uremic children compared to healthy controls, both by manual imaging with a digital microscope (median surface area 0.61% vs. 0.95%, p<0.0021 and by automated quantification (total microvascular surface area 0.89% vs. 1.17% p = 0.01). Density measured by manual imaging was significantly associated with age, height, weight and body surface area in CKD patients and healthy controls. In multivariate analysis, age and serum creatinine level were the only independent, significant predictors of microvascular density (r2 = 0.73). There was no immunohistochemical evidence for apoptosis or autophagy. Quantitative staining showed similar expression levels of the angiogenesis regulators VEGF-A, VEGF-receptor 2 and Angpt1 (p = 0.11), but Angpt2 was significantly lower in CKD children (p = 0.01).Microvascular density is profoundly reduced in omental biopsies of children with stage 5 CKD and associated with diminished Angpt2 signaling. Microvascular rarefaction could be an early systemic manifestation of CKD-induced cardiovascular disease