Analysis of multivariate time series for some linear models by using multi-dimensional wavelet shrinkage

The wavelet transform for multivariate time-series analysis and prediction is performed using an automatic slow distribution model and the prediction accuracy is compared with the normal method through the use of statistical criteria. By taking the variables represented by the gross domestic product as a response variable and air pollutants as explanatory variables represented by the emissions of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide in Iraq. The study showed that there is an inverse relationship between the emissions of carbon dioxide and gross domestic product, while a positive relationship between the emissions of nitrous oxide and gross domestic product. And that the variables analysis and prediction after performing the wavelet transform of the data is the best because it contains the lowest values ​​of the mean square error criterion and the mean criterion of absolute error

Chaotic systems with pseudorandom number generate to protect the transmitted data of wireless network

Communication techniques have witnessed rapid development in recent years, especially the internet and the mobile network, which led to rapid data transmission. The latest developments, in turn, have come out with advanced decisions to secure information from eavesdropping. Myriad in-depth studies in cryptography. It was implemented with the intention of proposing a revolutionary solution to protect data by encryption techniques, tend maps, and logistics.  This work had proposed a new design to the generator of pseudo-random numbers (GPRN) which had utilized multi chaotic systems. Synchronization of Multi-parameters chaotic arises in many applications, in natural or industrial systems. Many methods have been introduced for using a chaotic system in the encryption of data. Analysis of security of chaotic system had been executed on key sensitivity and keyspace

Design and implement of robotic arm and control of moving via IoT with Arduino ESP32

Every day, the technologies are expanding and developed with extra things to them. A cloud computing (CC) and Internet of things (IoT) became deeply associated with technologies of the internet of future with one supply the other a way helping it for the successful. Arduino microcontroller is used to design robotic arm to pick and place the objects by the web page commands that can be used in many industrials. It can pick and place an object from source to destination and drive the screws in into its position safely. The robot arm is controlled using web page designed by (html) language which contain the dashboard that give the commands to move the servos in the desired angle to get the aimed direction accordingly. At the receiver end there are four servo motors which are made to be interfaced with the micro controller (Arduino) which is connected to the wireless network router. One of these is for the arm horizontally movement and two for arm knee, while the fourth is for catch tings or tight movement. Two ultra-sonic sensors are used for limiting the operation area of the robotic arm. Finally, Proteus program is used for the simulation the controlling of robot before the hardware installatio

1H, 13C, 15N backbone and IVL methyl group resonance assignment of the fungal β-glucosidase from Trichoderma reesei

β-glucosidases have received considerable attention due to their essential role in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. β-glucosidase can hydrolyse cellobiose in cellulose degradation and its low activity has been considered as one of the main limiting steps in the process. Large-scale conversions of cellulose therefore require high enzyme concentration which increases the cost. β-glucosidases with improved activity and thermostability are therefore of great commercial interest. The fungus Trichoderma reseei expresses thermostable cellulolytic enzymes which have been widely studied as attractive targets for industrial applications. Genetically modified β-glucosidases from Trichoderma reseei have been recently commercialised. We have developed an approach in which screening of low molecular weight molecules (fragments) identifies compounds that increase enzyme activity and are currently characterizing fragment-based activators of TrBgl2. A structural analysis of the 55 kDa apo form of TrBgl2 revealed a classical (α/β)8-TIM barrel fold. In the present study we present a partial assignment of backbone chemical shifts, along with those of the Ile (I)-Val (V)-Leu (L) methyl groups of TrBgl2. These data will be used to characterize the interaction of TrBgl2 with the small molecule activators

Protective paraspeckle hyper-assembly downstream of TDP-43 loss of function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Background Paraspeckles are subnuclear bodies assembled on a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1. Their enhanced formation in spinal neurons of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients has been reported but underlying mechanisms are unknown. The majority of ALS cases are characterized by TDP-43 proteinopathy. In current study we aimed to establish whether and how TDP-43 pathology may augment paraspeckle assembly. Methods Paraspeckle formation in human samples was analysed by RNA-FISH and laser capture microdissection followed by qRT-PCR. Mechanistic studies were performed in stable cell lines, mouse primary neurons and human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons. Loss and gain of function for TDP-43 and other microRNA pathway factors were modelled by siRNA-mediated knockdown and protein overexpression. Results We show that de novo paraspeckle assembly in spinal neurons and glial cells is a hallmark of both sporadic and familial ALS with TDP-43 pathology. Mechanistically, loss of TDP-43 but not its cytoplasmic accumulation or aggregation augments paraspeckle assembly in cultured cells. TDP-43 is a component of the microRNA machinery, and recently, paraspeckles have been shown to regulate pri-miRNA processing. Consistently, downregulation of core protein components of the miRNA pathway also promotes paraspeckle assembly. In addition, depletion of these proteins or TDP-43 results in accumulation of endogenous dsRNA and activation of type I interferon response which also stimulates paraspeckle formation. We demonstrate that human or mouse neurons in vitro lack paraspeckles, but a synthetic dsRNA is able to trigger their de novo formation. Finally, paraspeckles are protective in cells with compromised microRNA/dsRNA metabolism, and their assembly can be promoted by a small-molecule microRNA enhancer. Conclusions Our study establishes possible mechanisms behind paraspeckle hyper-assembly in ALS and suggests their utility as therapeutic targets in ALS and other diseases with abnormal metabolism of microRNA and dsRNA

Protective paraspeckle hyper-assembly downstream of TDP-43 loss of function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

BACKGROUND: Paraspeckles are subnuclear bodies assembled on a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1. Their enhanced formation in spinal neurons of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients has been reported but underlying mechanisms are unknown. The majority of ALS cases are characterized by TDP-43 proteinopathy. In current study we aimed to establish whether and how TDP-43 pathology may augment paraspeckle assembly. METHODS: Paraspeckle formation in human samples was analysed by RNA-FISH and laser capture microdissection followed by qRT-PCR. Mechanistic studies were performed in stable cell lines, mouse primary neurons and human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons. Loss and gain of function for TDP-43 and other microRNA pathway factors were modelled by siRNA-mediated knockdown and protein overexpression. RESULTS: We show that de novo paraspeckle assembly in spinal neurons and glial cells is a hallmark of both sporadic and familial ALS with TDP-43 pathology. Mechanistically, loss of TDP-43 but not its cytoplasmic accumulation or aggregation augments paraspeckle assembly in cultured cells. TDP-43 is a component of the microRNA machinery, and recently, paraspeckles have been shown to regulate pri-miRNA processing. Consistently, downregulation of core protein components of the miRNA pathway also promotes paraspeckle assembly. In addition, depletion of these proteins or TDP-43 results in accumulation of endogenous dsRNA and activation of type I interferon response which also stimulates paraspeckle formation. We demonstrate that human or mouse neurons in vitro lack paraspeckles, but a synthetic dsRNA is able to trigger their de novo formation. Finally, paraspeckles are protective in cells with compromised microRNA/dsRNA metabolism, and their assembly can be promoted by a small-molecule microRNA enhancer. CONCLUSIONS: Our study establishes possible mechanisms behind paraspeckle hyper-assembly in ALS and suggests their utility as therapeutic targets in ALS and other diseases with abnormal metabolism of microRNA and dsRNA

Determination of Vitamins, Trace Elements, and Phytochemical Compounds in Boswellia Carterii Leaves Extracts

Background: The assessment of the extraction yield and nutritional content of Boswellia carterii extracts, including vitamins and trace elements, is significant. Objective: The study aims to identify phytochemical compounds present, and concluding on the plant’s potential health benefits and dietary contributions. Methods: The present study was conducted to extract the vitamins, trace elements and phytochemical constituents of Boswellia carterii leaves extracts using distilled water, ETOH (99%), and Ethylacetate by soxhlet. The yield of extracts was (18.361g/100g distilled water) while (29.322g/100g ETOH) and the Ethylacetate was found to be (27. 312g/100g). Different types of vitamins were estimated in all extracts utilizing HPLC. Results: Vitamins showed interesting results by revealing (A, B6, and B12). Vita. B12 is the most abundant in Alcohol extract, whereas vita. B12 is the most abundant in aqueous extract, and vita. B12 is the most abundant in ethylacetate compared with vitamin A, and B6. These findings call for more research into the vitamins in Boswellia carterii and their antioxidant relevance in therapeutic herbal medicine. Different metal ions were measured using FAAS (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn). The results of the qualitative detection of all extracts indicated the existence of Alkaloids, Steroids, Terpenes, Phenols, Carbohydrates, Glycosides, Proteins, Saponins, Tannins, and Flavonoids. Conclusions: The results of the qualitative detection of all extracts indicated the existence of Alkaloids, Steroids, Terpenes, Phenols, Carbohydrates, Glycosides, Proteins, Saponins, Tannins, and Flavonoids

Polyphosphinoborane Block Copolymer Synthesis Using Catalytic Reversible Chain‐Transfer Dehydropolymerization

An amphiphilic block copolymer of polyphosphinoborane has been prepared by a mechanism-led strategy of the sequential catalytic dehydropolymerization of precursor monomers, H₃B ⋅ PRH₂ (R=Ph, n-hexyl), using the simple pre-catalyst [Rh(Ph₂PCH₂CH₂PPh₂)₂]Cl. Speciation, mechanism and polymer chain growth studies support a step-growth process where reversible chain transfer occurs, i.e. H₃B ⋅ PRH₂/oligomer/polymer can all coordinate with, and be activated by, the catalyst. Block copolymer [H₂BPPhH]₁₁₀-b-[H₂BP(n-hexyl)H]₁₁ can be synthesized and self-assembles in solution to form either rod-like micelles or vesicles depending on solvent polarity

Fragment-derived modulators of an industrial β-glucosidase

A fragment screen of a library of 560 commercially available fragments using a kinetic assay identified a small molecule that increased the activity of the fungal glycoside hydrolase TrBgl2. An analogue by catalogue approach and detailed kinetic analysis identified improved compounds that behaved as nonessential activators with up to a 2-fold increase in maximum activation. The compounds did not activate the related bacterial glycoside hydrolase CcBglA demonstrating specificity. Interestingly, an analogue of the initial fragment inhibits both TrBgl2 and CcBglA, apparently through a mixed-model mechanism. Although it was not possible to determine crystal structures of activator binding to 55 kDa TrBgl2, solution NMR experiments demonstrated a specific binding site for the activator. A partial assignment of the NMR spectrum gave the identity of the amino acids at this site, allowing a model for TrBgl2 activation to be built. The activator binds at the entrance of the substrate binding site, generating a productive conformation for the enzyme-substrate complex