DEBT, FINANCIAL FRAGILITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A POST-KEYNESIAN MACROMODEL

It is developed a mathematical post-keynesian macromodel of capacity utilization and growth in which the supply of credit-money is endogenous and firms' debt position - and thus the financial fragility of the economy - is explicitly modeled. Both the influence of interest rate and indebtedness on capacity utilization and the rates of profit and growth, on the one hand, and the effect of the parameters of the saving and investment functions on financial fragility, on the other hand, are carefully analyzed.

A MACRODYNAMICS OF DEBT REGIMES, FINANCIAL INSTABILITY AND GROWTH

It is developed a dynamic macromodel of utilization and growth of productive capacity, in which the supply of credit-money is endogenous and firms' debt position - and thus the financial fragility of the economy à la Hyman Minsky - is explicitly modeled. The rate of interest is set as a markup over the base rate, which is exogenously determined by the monetary authority. Banking markup varies with changes in economic activity, which is measured by capacity utilization, while firms' debt position varies with the rates of interest, profit and capital accumulation. Regarding dynamics, it is shown the possibility of relating the stability properties of a system with the interest rate and the debt ratio as state variables to the type of minskyan regime - hedge, speculative, Ponzi - which prevails.

Reaction of maize inbred lines to the bacterium Pantoea ananas isolated from Phaeosphaeria leaf spot lesions.

A leaf spot disease in maize has been reported throughout all corn producing areas in Brazil, and its incidence and severity have increased significantly. Initial symptoms are characterized by the development of dark green water-soaked leaf spots, which later turn into straw-colored necrotic lesions. Some authors associated the symptoms of this disease to those of the disease Phaeosphaeria Leaf Spot caused by fungus Phaeosphaeria maydis (f. imperf. Phyllosticta sp.). However, we reported in previous works the involvement of a bacterium, the Pantoea ananas (syn. Erwinia ananas) as the initiator agent this disease. The aim of this work was to evaluate the behavior of corn genotypes when inoculated with P. ananas in the greenhouse. The results reinforced those previously obtained that showed the role of the bacterium as the initiator agent of the disease

Avaliação de agroquímicos comerciais (in vitro e in vivo) para o controle da pinta branca do milho.

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On the relation between Transversal and Longitudinal Scaling in Cities

Given that a group of cities follows a scaling law connecting urban population with socio-economic or infrastructural metrics (transversal scaling), should we expect that each city would follow the same behavior over time (longitudinal scaling)? This assumption has important policy implications, although rigorous empirical tests have been so far hindered by the lack of suitable data. Here, we advance the debate by looking into the temporal evolution of the scaling laws for 5507 municipalities in Brazil. We focus on the relationship between population size and two urban variables, GDP and water network length, analyzing the time evolution of the system of cities as well as their individual trajectory. We find that longitudinal (individual) scaling exponents are city-specific, but they are distributed around an average value that approaches to the transversal scaling exponent when the data are decomposed to eliminate external factors, and when we only consider cities with a sufficiently large growth rate. Such results give support to the idea that the longitudinal dynamics is a micro-scaling version of the transversal dynamics of the entire urban system. Finally, we propose a mathematical framework that connects the microscopic level to global behavior, and, in all analyzed cases, we find good agreement between theoretical prediction and empirical evidence

Pastagens para ovinos.

Espécies forrageiras mais indicadas; Sistema de pastejo; Sistema de pastejo com lotação contínua; Sistema de lotação rotacionada; Com um grupo de animais; Com dois grupos de animais; Creep grazing; Diferido ou protelado; Manejo e lotação da pastagem; Estacionalidade de produção de forragem

Pesquisadores questionam a etiologia da mancha de Phaeosphaeria em milho.

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Detecção e identificação de uma bactéria associada a mancha foliar por Phaeosphaeria em milho.

xEdição dos resumos do 32º Congresso Brasileiro de Fitopatologia, Curitiba, 1999