Detecção do gene Lr 34 por meio de marcador STS, em genótipos de trigo, potencialmente úteis ao programa de melhoramento da Embrapa Trigo.

Área: Melhoramento, Aptidão Industrial e Sementes

Registro de movimientos oculares con el eye tracker Mobile eye XG

93 p.Debido a su importancia en la investigación sobre lo que sucede en el cerebro, el estudio sobre el sistema visual humano se ha especializado cada vez más para indagar sobre la influencia de los movimientos oculares en la percepción durante la observación. Con el fin de acceder a este tipo de procesos se ha diseñado un conjunto de herramientas que permiten hacer un seguimiento a los movimientos oculares, conocidos como eye trackers. Este libro tiene como objetivo aportar elementos para la planeación, el diseño y la ejecución de investigaciones que incluya el uso de eye trackers, en particular del eye tracker Mobile eye XG. Esta es una de las primeras revisiones en español que recopila información sobre los movimientos oculares. Contiene una descripción sobre el eye tracker Mobile eye XG y otros dispositivos; una revisión sobre la visión humana y los movimientos oculares; una reseña acerca de los determinantes cognoscitivos de los movimientos oculares; una aproximación a las condiciones para el diseño, la ejecución y el análisis de datos de las investigaciones con esta herramienta y una revisión sobre sus campos de aplicación.Technological advances in recent decades have made eye trackers, especially glasses, an important tool in the field of cognitive, emotional, and social neurosciences, due to the relationship that exists between visual behavior and neuronal processes. This has facilitated the study of a significant number of psychological processes, including perception, emotions, social cognition, decision making, attention, and literacy, among others. Eye trackers have been applied to research a wide range of human activities, including web page and application design and market studies, the visual behavior of drivers and athletes, human-computer interactions, simulations for military training, and as a support for the clinical diagnosis of personality disorders and neurological conditions. This book aims to provide elements for the planning, design, and execution of research that includes the use of eye trackers, in particular the Mobile Eye-XG eye tracker. This is one of the first reviews in Spanish that collects information on eye movements. The study contains a description of the Mobile Eye-XG eye tracker and other devices; a review of human vision and eye movements; a review of the cognitive determinants of eye movements; an exploration of the conditions that determine the design, execution, and data analysis of research that uses this tool, as well as a review of its fields of application.Introducción Parte 1. Descripción del eye tracker Mobile eye XG Parte 2. Visión humana y movimientos oculares Parte 3. Neurobiología de los movimientos oculares Parte 4. Determinantes cognoscitivos de las fijaciones y de los movimientos oculares Parte 5. Condiciones para el diseño y el registro de estudios con el eye tracker Mobile eye XG Parte 6. Análisis y representación gráfica de los datos Parte 7. Condiciones para el reporte de investigación Parte 8. Aplicaciones del eye tracking Referencias Anexo

the joint use of spatial and temporal features

A successful method for removing artifacts from electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings is Independent Component Analysis (ICA), but its implementation remains largely user-dependent. Here, we propose a completely automatic algorithm (ADJUST) that identifies artifacted independent components by combining stereotyped artifact-specific spatial and temporal features. Features were optimized to capture blinks, eye movements, and generic discontinuities on a feature selection dataset. Validation on a totally different EEG dataset shows that (1) ADJUST’s classification of independent components largely matches a manual one by experts (agreement on 95.2 % of the data variance), and (2) Removal of the artifacted components detected by ADJUST leads to neat reconstruction of visual and auditory eventrelated potentials from heavily artifacted data. These results demonstrate that ADJUST provides a fast, efficient, and automatic way to use ICA for artifact removal

Complex Inferential Processes Are Needed for Implicature Comprehension, but Not for Implicature Production

Upon hearing “Some of Michelangelo’s sculptures are in Rome,” adults can easily generate a scalar implicature and infer that the intended meaning of the utterance corresponds to “Some but not all Michelangelo’s sculptures are in Rome.” Comprehension experiments show that preschoolers struggle with this kind of inference until at least 5 years of age. Surprisingly, the few studies having investigated children’s production of scalar expressions like some and all suggest that production is adult-like already in their third year of life. Thus, children’s production of implicatures seems to develop at least 2 years before their comprehension of implicatures. In this paper, we present a novel account of scalar implicature generation in the framework of Bidirectional Optimality Theory: the Asymmetry Account. We show that the production–comprehension asymmetry is predicted to emerge because the comprehension of some requires the hearer to consider the speaker’s perspective, but the production of some does not require the speaker to consider the hearer’s perspective. Hence, children’s comprehension of scalar expressions, but not their production of scalar expressions, is predicted to be related to their theory of mind development. Not possessing fully developed theory of mind abilities yet, children thus have difficulty in comprehending scalar expressions such as some in an adult-like way. Our account also explains why variable performance is found in experimental studies testing children’s ability to generate scalar implicatures; moreover, it describes the differences between children’s and adults’ implicature generation in terms of their ability to recursively apply theory of mind; finally, it sheds new light on the question why the interpretation of numerals does not require implicature generation.</jats:p