Rigid bronchoscopy-induced bacterial translocation: Is it a real threat? (multiple letters) [1]

[Abstract not Available

The role of the spleen on colonic anastomotic healing

Comelekoglu, Ulku/0000-0001-8060-6333; Nayci, Ali/0000-0002-0534-1205WOS: 000184490200007PubMed: 12893499The role of the spleen on wound healing remains unclear. This study investigates the effect of splenectomy on the healing of colonic anastomoses. Twenty-six Wistar rats were assigned into four groups: sham, splenectomy, anastomoses, and splenectomy and anastomoses. The rats underwent a standardized left colonic resection and primary anastomoses, and/or splenectomy. Bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content were used to evaluate anastomotic healing, five days postoperatively. No differences were found in the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content between the groups. The present results indicate that splenectomy has no negative effect on the healing of colonic anastomoses in rats

Comparison of electromagnetic field stimulation on the healing of small and large intestinal anastomoses

Nayci, Ali/0000-0002-0534-1205WOS: 000170453000023PubMed: 11535860PURPOSE: Magnetic fields have been shown to affect biologic processes. Accordingly, an experimental study was designed to investigate the effect of electromagnetic field stimulation on intestinal healing and to compare small and large intestinal anastomoses. METHODS: An ileal or a colonic anastomosis was constructed in rats. Beginning the day after surgery, randomly assigned groups were exposed to sinusoidal electromagnetic field stimulation of 10.76-mT intensity and 50-Hz frequency, with 2-hour-on/10-hour-off cycles. After seven days, intestinal anastomoses were assessed for hydroxyproline content and breaking strength. Statistical comparison between each experimental and control group yielded significance (P g/mg (P = 0.0249) and in colon from 1.526 +/- 0.11 to 1.922 +/- 0.11 mug/mg (P = 0.0135). Breaking strength also increased significantly in ileum from 0.213 +/- 0.01 to 0.255 +/- 0.01 MPa (P = 0.001) and in colon from 0.227 +/- 0.01 to 0.270 +/- 0.01 MPa (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Electromagnetic field stimulation provided a significant gain in anastomotic healing in both small and large intestine. There were no apparent differences detected between the healing of small and large intestinal anastomoses except for slight differences in the tune sequences of events and magnitude. The study demonstrated a significant increase in both biochemical and mechanical parameters. Additional investigations are needed to determine optimal conditions and promote selective biologic responses

Effect of electromagnetic fields and early postoperative 5-fluorouracil on the healing of colonic anastomoses

Nayci, Ali/0000-0002-0534-1205WOS: 000181357100008PubMed: 12548416Background and aims: Studies have indicated a deleterious effect of perioperative 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) administration on the healing of intestinal anastomoses. This study examined the effect of early postoperative 5-FU on the healing of colonic anastomoses and investigated the effect of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on colonic anastomotic repair under normal physiological conditions and in the presence of 5-FU therapy in a rat model. Materials and methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups and underwent a standardized left colonic resection and anastomoses. The animals then served as control or received intraperitoneal 5-FU (20 mg/kg per day, 5 days), EMF stimulation (10.76 mT, 50 Hz; 2-h on/10-h off cycles, 7 days) or both, starting on the day of surgery. After 7 days anastomotic healing was assessed by measurement of hydroxyproline content and breaking strength. Results: Hydroxyproline content increased in EMF exposed group (1.53+/-0.11 to 1.92+/-0.11 mug/mg) and in EMF + 5-FU group (1.53+/-0.11 to 1.89+/-0.12 mug/mg). Breaking strength also increased in the EMF group (0.23+/-0.02 to 0.27+/-0.01 MPa) and in the EMF + 5-FU group (0.23+/-0.02 to 0.28+/-0.01 MPa. No differences were found in hydroxyproline content or breaking strength between the 5-FU group and controls. Conclusion: Early postoperative 5-FU administration did not impair the healing of colonic anastomoses in rats. Additionally, EMF stimulation provided a significant gain in colonic anastomotic strength, in rat intestines in control animals and in animals exposed to 5-FU

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion induced diaphragm contractility dysfunction: Electrophysiological and ultrastructural study in a neonatal rat model

PubMedID: 26411723Aim To evaluate the remote effect of intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury mediated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) on diaphragm contractility functions and whether administration of NAC may counteract the possible detrimental effects in an experimental neonatal rat model. Methods 40 Wistar rat pups were randomized into four groups; ten animals in each. Intestinal ischemia was conducted by obstructing mesentery of intestines by a silk loop. In the control group; only laparotomy was performed. After 1 h ischemia, reperfusion was conducted for 1 h in 1 h group, 24 h for 24 h group and 24 h for 24 h + NAC group but administration of NAC (150 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally twice a day was performed. Inflammatory response was evaluated by tissue TNF-? level and contractility functions by mechanic activity studies of the diaphragm. Electrophysiology of the diaphragm and the phrenic nerve was conducted to determine neuropathy or myopathy and transmission electron microscopy was performed to evaluate ultrastructural changes in the phrenic nerve. Results Diaphragm tissue TNF-? level significantly increased in 1 h and 24 h groups (P = 0.004, P = 0.0001; respectively). Diaphragm mechanic activation force and duration significantly decreased at 1 h and 24 h (P = 0.004, P = 0.02 and P = 0.0001, P = 0.0001; respectively). NAC administration significantly prevented decrease in the maximal contraction and the duration (P < 0.001). Phrenic nerve compound action potential (CMAP) amplitude significantly decreased in 1 h group (P < 0.0001) and NAC administration significantly prevented this decrease when compared with 24 h group (P < 0.001). In diaphragmatic needle electromyography, the duration of motor unit potentials (MUP) was prolonged significantly when compared with control group. Contractility and electrophysiological studies were indicating primarily neuropathy in diaphragm dysfunction. Histopathology revealed axonal and myelin degeneration in the 1 h and 24 h group, but less injury in the NAC administered group. Conclusions Intestinal IR induced elevation of TNF-? level in the diaphragm. Impairment in the diaphragm contractility and neuropathic changes in the phrenic nerve occurred even in the first hour of reperfusion. NAC administration prevented these detrimental effects. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Short-acting β2-agonist prescription patterns in patients with asthma in Turkey: results from SABINA III

Background: Over-reliance on short-acting beta(2)-agonists (SABAs) is associated with poor asthma outcomes. However, the extent of SABA use in Turkey is unclear owing to a lack of comprehensive healthcare databases. Here, we describe the demographics, disease characteristics and treatment patterns from the Turkish cohort of the SABA use IN Asthma (SABINA) III study. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study included patients aged >= 12 years with asthma from 24 centres across Turkey. Data on sociodemographics, disease characteristics and asthma treatments were collected using electronic case report forms. Patients were classified by investigator-defined asthma severity (guided by the 2017 Global Initiative for Asthma [GINA]) and practice type (primary/specialist care). The primary objective was to describe SABA prescription patterns in the 12 months prior to the study visit. Results: Overall, 579 patients were included (mean age [standard deviation; SD]: 47.4 [16.1] years; 74.3% female), all of whom were treated by specialists. Most patients had moderate-to-severe asthma (82.7%, GINA steps 3-5), were overweight or obese (70.5%), had high school or university/post-graduate education (51.8%) and reported fully reimbursed healthcare (97.1%). The mean (SD) asthma duration was 12.0 (9.9) years. Asthma was partly controlled/uncontrolled in 56.3% of patients, and 46.5% experienced >= 1 severe exacerbation in the preceding 12 months. Overall, 23.9% of patients were prescribed >= 3 SABA canisters in the previous 12 months (considered over-prescription); 42.9% received no SABA prescriptions. As few patients had mild asthma, only 5.7% were prescribed SABA monotherapy. Therefore, most patients (61.5%) were prescribed SABA in addition to maintenance therapy, with 42.8% receiving >= 3 SABA canisters in the previous 12 months. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), ICS + a long-acting beta-agonist fixed-dose combination and oral corticosteroids were prescribed to 14.5%, 88.3% and 28.5% of all patients, respectively. Additionally, 10.2% of patients purchased SABA over the counter, of whom 27.1% purchased >= 3 canisters in the preceding 12 months. Conclusions: Despite all patients being treated by specialists and most receiving fully reimbursed healthcare, nearly a quarter of patients received prescriptions for >= 3 SABA canisters in the previous 12 months. This highlights a public health concern and emphasizes the need to align clinical practices with the latest evidence-based recommendations

Reliability and validity of Turkish version of COPD Assessment Test; [KOAH deǧerlendirme testinin Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirliǧi]

Introduction: This study is aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Assessment Test (CAT) in seven centers. Materials and Methods: 321 patients between 4-75 years of age, diagnosed and staged by Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2011 criteria were included. The Breathlessness, Cough, Sputum scale (BCSS), mMRC (Modified Medical Research Council) dyspnea index, St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), CAT and Short Form-36 (SF-36) were used concurrently. In the statistical analyses, internal consistency, item-total score correlation, explorative factor analysis, correlation with other scales were calculated. Results: The mean age was 62.4 ± 8.9 years and 89.7% of the patients were male (n= 288). Mean FEV 1% was 51.9 ± 19.2 and most of the patients were in Stage 3. CAT total score was 17.8 ± 9.5. In the internal consistency, Cronbach alpha coefficient was found as 0.9116 and item-total score correlation coefficients were between 0.62-0.79 and all were statistically significant (p< 0.0001). The correlation of the test-retest score calculated after two weeks with the initial score was 0.96 (p< 0.0001). In the structural validity, factor analysis with principle component analysis and varimax rotation was performed. One factor solution was achieved with eigenvalue of 4.956 and it represented 61.9% of the total variance. All the items were contained in the factor and the factor loads were between 0.71-0.85. The correlation coefficients of CAT with other indexes were moderate to good. The discrimination of CAT among disease stages has been shown to be significant (p< 0.0001) and a significant correlation was found with pulmonary function tests (p< 0.0001). Conclusion: It is demonstrated The Turkish version of COPD Assessment Tool is reliable and valid