SATISFACTION IN E-TOURISM A CASE OF EUROPEAN ONLNE CUSTOMERS

As information is the life-blood of the travel industry (Sheldon, 1994), utilizing and managing a suitable Information Technology is essential for tourism organizations to satisfy their customers. Despite the importance of e-tourism on one hand and the key role of customer satisfaction on the other hand there have been less research related to this topic yet. Current research is going to fill this gap by categorizing items which are important for satisfaction in e-tourism and as a result introduces the main factors which are the determinant for customer satisfaction in online tourism. Moreover it illustrates if satisfaction of a website positively affect customer's intention of buying from that website. The present paper incorporates the method of distributing the questionnaire for addressing the determinants of customer satisfaction in online tourism, among a group of European online trip buyers. It also uses factor analysis method for analyzing the data. This research yields rich insights for managers of e-tourism firms, by introducing the factors which have the most impact on e-satisfaction

Service Failure-Recovery In Online Shops In Iran

Present article focuses on service failure and recovery in the online shops in Iran. The article investigates interaction between service failure and online shops readiness for service recovery and resulting impact on customer reaction. The data was collected by an e-questionnaire from 615 Iranian online shoppers. The findings suggest, although many online shops are severely breaching few fundamental business principles, defection is not happening as vast as in other similar studies. Furthermore, winning the customers back via service recovery seems to be depended rather on the process than the outcome of service recovery, which is very similar to the findings of another study in Chinese environment. Discussion of the findings suggests the researchers and managers to be conscious of the possible impact of the culture and environment on customer’s responses to service failure and service recovery states

Service failure-recovery in online shops in Iran

Present article focuses on service failure and recovery in the online shops in Iran. The article investigates interaction between service failure and online shops readiness for service recovery and resulting impact on customer reaction. The data was collected by an e-questionnaire from 615 Iranian online shoppers. The findings suggest, although many online shops are severely breaching few fundamental business principles, defection is not happening as vast as in other similar studies. Furthermore, winning the customers back via service recovery seems to be depended rather on the process than the outcome of service recovery, which is very similar to the findings of another study in Chinese environment. Discussion of the findings suggests the researchers and managers to be conscious of the possible impact of the culture and environment on customer's responses to service failure and service recovery states.Godkänd; 2008; 20080911 (hakan_p);License fulltext:  CC BY</p

Service failure-recovery in online shops in Iran

Present article focuses on service failure and recovery in the online shops in Iran. The article investigates interaction between service failure and online shops readiness for service recovery and resulting impact on customer reaction. The data was collected by an e-questionnaire from 615 Iranian online shoppers. The findings suggest, although many online shops are severely breaching few fundamental business principles, defection is not happening as vast as in other similar studies. Furthermore, winning the customers back via service recovery seems to be depended rather on the process than the outcome of service recovery, which is very similar to the findings of another study in Chinese environment. Discussion of the findings suggests the researchers and managers to be conscious of the possible impact of the culture and environment on customer's responses to service failure and service recovery states.Godkänd; 2008; 20080911 (hakan_p);License fulltext:  CC BY</p

Hoppet - the first fossil free preschool

Abstract Residential and commercial buildings give rise to about one fifth of the greenhouse gas emissions in Sweden. One important goal of the City of Gothenburg is to be a climate neutral city with fair emission levels of greenhouse gases in 2030. In order to reach this goal, a demonstration project has been initiated with the aim to build a fossil free preschool - Hoppet. Hoppet will be built with a minimal climate impact and with no fossil resources. This includes everything from production and transport of materials to energy usage in the building. The fossil content and the climate impact of a standard preschool has been calculated, to be used as a benchmark for Hoppet. The result shows that all 250 building products in the reference preschool have a climate impact but finding fossil free and climate neutral alternative products has been found challenging. The climate impact of the building products in the reference preschool is calculated to more than 220 kg CO2-eq. per m2. Strategies to decrease climate impact for Hoppet preschool has been developed. For example, product development and innovation has been identified as key issues as well as increased collaboration between different actors in the construction industry. Communicating the project internationally is of high importance to find partners and innovations that don’t exist in Sweden as well as to engage other stakeholders to help transform the building sector.</jats:p

Hoppet - the first fossil-free preschool

Abstract The building sector give rise to one fifth of the Swedish greenhouse gas emissions. This sector needs a climate shift to reach the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Local municipalities play an important role in this shift and the City of Gothenburg has therefore initiated an innovation project, Hoppet - the first fossil-free preschool. The purpose is to highlight the climate issue and inspire the industry to develop new fossil-free products and processes as well as promoting existing ones. Hoppet is an initiative leading the way towards a fossil-free society in Gothenburg City, Sweden and the world. Hoppet will be built with minimal climate impact and no fossil resources, as far as possible. This includes everything from production and transport of materials to energy used in the building. The fossil content and climate impact of traditionally built preschools have been calculated as a benchmark for Hoppet. More than 70 % of the 250 building products in a traditionally built preschool has a petroleum-based content, eg plastics. The climate impact of the building products in a traditionally built preschool was calculated to about 390 kg CO2-eq./m2 gross area. The design phase of first Hoppet preschool started in the autumn 2019 and, before materials are chosen, calculations of the actual climate impact are made. Examples of climate calculations and strategies for material selection for Hoppet are presented as well as ongoing and future work for fossil-free construction. For more than two years, the project has scouted for new innovative materials and old techniques in order to build fossil-free. Finding fossil-free and climate neutral products has been challenging. Product development and innovation are key issues for fossil-free construction, as well as communication and collaboration within the construction industry. Five important strategies for the transition into a fossil-free society have been identified; biobased building products, reused and recycled building products, minimized material usage, fossil-free construction site and a product life cycle perspective.</jats:p

Amylose/cellulose nanofiber composites for all-natural, fully biodegradable and flexible bioplastics

Thermoplastic, polysaccharide-based plastics are environmentally friendly. However, typical shortcomings include lack of water resistance and poor mechanical properties. Nanocomposite manufacturing using pure, highly linear, polysaccharides can overcome such limitations. Cast nanocomposites were fabricated with plant engineered pure amylose (AM), produced in bulk quantity in transgenic barley grain, and cellulose nanofibers (CNF), extracted from agrowaste sugar beet pulp. Morphology, crystallinity, chemical heterogeneity, mechanics, dynamic mechanical, gas and water permeability, and contact angle of the films were investigated. Blending CNF into the AM matrix significantly enhanced the crystallinity, mechanical properties and permeability, whereas glycerol increased elongation at break, mainly by plasticizing the AM. There was significant phase separation between AM and CNF. Dynamic plasticizing and anti-plasticizing effects of both CNF and glycerol were demonstrated by NMR demonstrating high molecular order, but also non-crystalline, and evenly distributed 20 nm-sized glycerol domains. This study demonstrates a new lead in functional polysaccharide-based bioplastic systems