Spin gating electrical current

We use an aluminium single electron transistor with a magnetic gate to directly quantify the chemical potential anisotropy of GaMnAs materials. Uniaxial and cubic contributions to the chemical potential anisotropy are determined from field rotation experiments. In performing magnetic field sweeps we observe additional isotropic magnetic field dependence of the chemical potential which shows a non-monotonic behavior. The observed effects are explained by calculations based on the $\mathbf{k}\cdot\mathbf{p}$ kinetic exchange model of ferromagnetism in GaMnAs. Our device inverts the conventional approach for constructing spin transistors: instead of spin-transport controlled by ordinary gates we spin-gate ordinary charge transport.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Reconfigurable Boolean Logic using Magnetic Single-Electron Transistors

We propose a novel hybrid single-electron device for reprogrammable low-power logic operations, the magnetic single-electron transistor (MSET). The device consists of an aluminium single-electron transistors with a GaMnAs magnetic back-gate. Changing between different logic gate functions is realized by reorienting the magnetic moments of the magnetic layer which induce a voltage shift on the Coulomb blockade oscillations of the MSET. We show that we can arbitrarily reprogram the function of the device from an n-type SET for in-plane magnetization of the GaMnAs layer to p-type SET for out-of-plane magnetization orientation. Moreover, we demonstrate a set of reprogrammable Boolean gates and its logical complement at the single device level. Finally, we propose two sets of reconfigurable binary gates using combinations of two MSETs in a pull-down network

Spin Hall effect transistor

Spin transistors and spin Hall effects have been two separate leading directions of research in semiconductor spintronics which seeks new paradigms for information processing technologies. We have brought the two directions together to realize an all-semiconductor spin Hall effect transistor. Our scheme circumvents semiconductor-ferromagnet interface problems of the original Datta-Das spin transistor concept and demonstrates the utility of the spin Hall effects in microelectronics. The devices use diffusive transport and operate without electrical current, i.e., without Joule heating in the active part of the transistor. We demonstrate a spin AND logic function in a semiconductor channel with two gates. Our experimental study is complemented by numerical Monte Carlo simulations of spin-diffusion through the transistor channel.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Career readiness and well-being: The mediation role of strategies for coping with career indecision

In the uncertain and flexible labour market, some people experience indecision in dealing with career choices, despite having career readiness. The present research explored the relationship between career readiness, strategies for coping with career indecision, and well-being. Participants were 529 people aged between 18 and 60 (M = 26.57; SD = 6.83). The survey included: Readiness scale of the Career Transition Inventory, Productive scale and Support Seeking scale of Strategies for coping with career indecision, Flourishing Scale and Satisfaction with life scale. Results show that both productive and support-seeking strategies mediate the association between career readiness and flourishing and between career readiness and life satisfaction. As implications for career guidance, in addition to favouring career readiness, counsellors could promote productive strategies for coping with career indecision– and in some cases, support-seeking strategies–, to help people transform the experience of career indecision from insurmountable obstacles into an opportunity to act towards well-being

Psychometric properties of COVID-19 Exhaustion Scale in Italian context

The aim of this study was providing a validated scale in the Italian context, for the assessment of the symptoms of mental, physical, and psychological exhaustion that can result from thinking about COVID-19, starting from Burnout Measure of Pines and Aronson. Four studies were conducted. In Study 1, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis. A 2-factor factorial structure—Mental Exhaustion (ME) and Physical and Emotional Exhaustion (PEE)—was shown. In Study 2, we tested the structure of COVID-19 Exhaustion Scale. The two-factor structure with 8 items was the best factorial solution. In Study 3, we tested the concurrent validity of the COVID-19 Exhaustion Scale. The two dimensions were significantly and positively related to physical symptoms and negatively related to life satisfaction. In Study 4, we showed the stability of the COVID-19 Exhaustion Scale using the test-retest method after 3 weeks

The sustainable career scale (SCS): development, validity, reliabilityand invariance

Purpose: The concept of a “sustainable career” has gained significant attention in recent academic literature, extending beyond mere professional success, encompassing elements of happiness, health, productivity and social empowerment. This study aims to develop and validate the sustainable career scale (SCS) to measure this multidimensional construct, including the innovative dimension of “social empowerment,” which emphasizes the importance of responsibly addressing global needs and challenges. Design/methodology/approach: The research comprises five studies with distinct objectives: Study 1 focuses on item development and latent structure verification; Study 2 confirms the factorial structure; Study 3 assesses concurrent and discriminant validity; Study 4 examines predictive validity and reliability; and Study 5 measures gender invariance. Findings: Results demonstrate the validity and reliability of the SCS items and structure. Concurrent and discriminant validity are supported by analyzing relationships with work engagement, meaning, employability, burnout, decent work and job satisfaction. Additionally, the scale shows reliability and predictive validity in forecasting eudaimonic, hedonic and social well-being. Gender invariance is confirmed. Research limitations/implications: Future research could explore its applicability across diverse contexts. The SCS has significant implications for researchers and practitioners, serving as an assessment tool to advance research in sustainable career development and guide interventions to improve careers that address global needs and foster responsible management practices. Originality/value: The SCS stands out as the first measure to integrate a truly sustainable perspective, encompassing societal and global contexts within the framework of career sustainability. The findings enhance the understanding of sustainable careers and demonstrate the empirical robustness of the SCS

UV-C y ácido cítrico para el control de la flora nativa de un batido de frutas y verduras

Las bebidas a base de frutas y verduras constituyen alimentos prácticos que aportan significativas cantidades de nutrientes, vitaminas y minerales. Sin embargo, presentan corta vida útil debido al desarrollo microbiano. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la efectividad de la radiación UV-C, la disminución del pH y la combinación de ambos para controlar la flora nativa de un batido de frutas y verduras. Para ello, se prepararon batidos conteniendo leche de arroz (50 %), manzana (31 %), banana (16 %), y hojas de brócoli (3 %). Una parte del lote (A) se mantuvo al pH original (4,6) y la otra (B) fue adicionada con ácido cítrico (2 M) hasta pH de 3,5. Ambos lotes fueron tratados con radiación UV-C (306 µW/cm2) durante 8 (A8, B8) y 16 minutos (A16, B16), manteniendo controles sin irradiar (A0, B0). Todas las muestras se almacenaron en refrigeración (5°C) y se llevaron a cabo recuentos de mesófilas (BAM), enterobacterias (EB), mohos y levaduras (M&L) y bacterias lácticas (BL) durante 14 días, expresando los resultados como log UFC/ml. La aplicación individual de UV-C no redujo inicialmente los recuentos de las poblaciones evaluadas, en ninguna de las dosis aplicadas (A8, A16). En estas muestras y en controles sin tratar (A0), BAM y BL se incrementaron durante el almacenamiento, superando el límite de aceptabilidad microbiológica (LAM, 6 log UFC/ml de BAM) a partir del día 7. Los recuentos de EB de A0, A8 y A16 aumentaron 1 log hacia el día 7, luego A8 y A16 mantuvieron sus recuentos hasta finalizar el almacenamiento, mientras que A0 registró un incremento de 2 log. Los recuentos de M&L presentaron valores entre 4,9 y 5,3 log UFC/ml hasta el día 7, con aumentos posteriores de entre 3 y 4 log al concluirse el almacenamiento, sin diferencias significativas entre los distintos tratamientos. Por su parte, el descenso de pH (B0) permitió controlar el desarrollo de BAM y BL, manteniendo recuentos estables hasta el día 9, superando el LAM al día 14. Las muestras tratadas con ambos factores de preservación (B8, B16) presentaron un comportamiento similar a B0, pero con recuentos 0,5 a 0,8 log menores al final del almacenamiento, sin diferencias entre las dosis. Los recuentos de EB de B0, B8 y B16 presentaron un comportamiento similar a A8 y A16, con incrementos de 1 log hasta el día 7 y sin cambios posteriores hasta el término del almacenamiento. Los recuentos de M&L repitieron la tendencia antes informada, sin ser afectados por la reducción del pH ni la radiación UV-C. En conclusión, la disminución del pH aumenta la vida útil microbiológica de los batidos. El UV-C, como tecnología individual, no resulta efectivo en esta matriz. Sin embargo, la combinación de ambos tratamientos genera beneficios sobre algunas de las poblaciones microbianas. Futuros estudios podrían orientarse a mejorar la penetración del UV-C en el sistema para obtener las reconocidas ventajas de esta tecnología

Analysis of the photoheterotrophic assimilation of valerate and associated PHA production by Rhodospirillum rubrum

peer reviewedProduction de PHA par Rs. spirillum S1H - Fédération Wallonie Bruxelle

Rhabdomyoblastic Differentiation in Head and Neck Malignancies Other Than Rhabdomyosarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a relatively common soft tissue sarcoma that frequently affects children and adolescents and may involve the head and neck. Rhabdomyosarcoma is defined by skeletal muscle differentiation which can be suggested by routine histology and confirmed by immunohistochemistry for the skeletal muscle-specific markers myogenin or myoD1. At the same time, it must be remembered that when it comes to head and neck malignancies, skeletal muscle differentiation is not limited to rhabdomyosarcoma. A lack of awareness of this phenomenon could lead to misdiagnosis and, subsequently, inappropriate therapeutic interventions. This review focuses on malignant neoplasms of the head and neck other than rhabdomyosarcoma that may exhibit rhabdomyoblastic differentiation, with an emphasis on strategies to resolve the diagnostic dilemmas these tumors may present. Axiomatically, no primary central nervous system tumors will be discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio