A method to search for correlations of ultra-high energy cosmic ray masses with the large scale structures in the local galaxy density field

One of the main goals of investigations using present and future giant extensive air shower (EAS) arrays is the mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). A new approach to the problem is presented, combining analysis of arrival directions with the statistical test of the paired EAS samples. An idea of the method is to search for possible correlations of UHECR masses with their separate sources, for instance, if there are two sources in different areas of the celestial sphere injecting different nuclei, but fluxes are comparable so that arrival directions are isotropic, the aim is to reveal a difference in the mass composition of CR fluxes. The method is based on a non-parametric statistical test -- the Wilcoxon signed-rank routine -- which does not depend on the populations fitting any parameterized distributions. Two particular algorithms are proposed: first, using measurements of the depth of EAS maximum position in the atmosphere; and second, relying on the age variance of air showers initiated by different primary particles. The formulated method is applied to the Yakutsk array data, in order to demonstrate the possibility of searching for a difference in average mass composition of the two UHECR sets, arriving particularly from the supergalactic plane and a complementary region.Comment: Presented at International Symposium on Future Directions in UHECR Physics, 13-16 February 2012 CERN. Accepted for publication in AP

A fine quantum mechanism of classical gravity

It is shown that screening the background of super-strong interacting gravitons ensures the Newtonian attraction, if a part of single gravitons is pairing and graviton pairs are destructed by collisions with a body. If the considered quantum mechanism of classical gravity is realized in the nature, than an existence of black holes contradicts to the equivalence principle. In such the model, Newton's constant is proportional to $H^{2}/T^{4},$ where $H$ is the Hubble constant, $T$ is an equivalent temperature of the graviton background. The estimate of the Hubble constant is obtained for the Newtonian limit: $H=3.026 \cdot 10^{-18} s^{-1}$ (or $94.576 km \cdot s^{-1} \cdot Mpc^{-1}$).Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX. Contribution to the Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting (MG10), 20-26 July 2003, Rio de Janeiro, Brazi

Lorentz symmetry violation due to interactions of photons with the graviton background

The average time delay of photons due to multiple interactions with gravitons of the background is computed in a frame of the model of low-energy quantum gravity by the author. The two variants of evaluation of the lifetime of a virtual photon are considered: 1$)$ on a basis of the uncertainties relation (it is a common place in physics of particles) and 2$)$ using a conjecture about constancy of the proper lifetime of a virtual photon. It is shown that in the first case Lorentz violation is negligible: the ratio of the average time delay of photons to their propagation time is equal approximately to $10^{-28}$; in the second one (with a new free parameter of the model), the time-lag is proportional to the difference $\sqrt{E_{01}}-\sqrt{E_{02}}$, where $E_{01}, E_{02}$ are initial energies of photons, and more energetic photons should arrive later, also as in the first case. The effect of graviton pairing is taken into account, too.Comment: 7 pages, no figure, Late

How to verify the redshift mechanism of low-energy quantum gravity

In the model of low-energy quantum gravity by the author, the redshift mechanism is quantum and local, and it is not connected with any expansion of the Universe. A few possibilities to verify its predictions are considered here: the specialized ground-based laser experiment; a deceleration of massive bodies and the Pioneer anomaly; a non-universal character of the Hubble diagram for soft and hard radiations; galaxy/quasar number counts.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, Latex. In the Proceedings of the Int. conference Problems of Practical Cosmology, 23-27 June 2008, Saint Petersburg, Russi

Superspace without torsion and the composite fundamental fermions

(N=2)-superspace without torsion is described, which is equivalent to an 8-space with a discrete internal subspace. A number and a character of ties determine now an internal symmetry group, while in the supersymmetrical models this one is determined by an extension degree N. Such a model can be constructed for no less than 4 generations of the two-component fundamental fermions. Analogues of the Higgs fields appear in the model naturally after transition to the Grassmannian extra coordinates. The connection between discrete and continues internal symmetries of the model is discussed. If one considers gravity as embedding the curved 4-space into a 12-dimensional flat space, a U(1)-symmetry appears transformations of which should be connected with the ones of SU(2)-group. If super-strong interacting gravitons are constituents of the composite fermions, all this may open us another way to unify the known interactions. The main feature of this new approach may be the external see of gravitons underlying an internal structure of particles; the lack of any divergencies would be due the Planckian spectrum of external gravitons.Comment: 5 pages, Late