Vegetation indices as rapid, non-destructive tool to assess nitrogen status in irrigated rice.

The use of optical radiation sensors is a promising strategy for nitrogen management as it reduces the costs of chemical analyses and allows quick decision-making in the supplementary application of N to irrigated rice. By combining three spectral reflectance bands (red, far-red, and near-infrared), 22 vegetation indices (VIs) were computed and assessed for their effectiveness in estimating the nitrogen status of rice crops. The results indicated that the selected VIs considerably underestimated dry leaf biomass (DLB) and did not efficiently estimate N status parameters, such as leaf N concentration (LNC) and leaf N uptake, at the vegetative stage. The large variations in these N status parameters can be explained by the VI in subsequent stages. The VI selected in the parametrisation process was promising for explaining variation in DLB and leaf area index at the reproductive and grain-filling stages. However, the VI showed low performance in estimating LNC at the reproductive stage. The modified red-edge soil-adjusted VI and normalised difference red-edge index showed high performance in estimating the N nutrition index in the growth stage and across the whole crop cycle. These results show the importance of using active sensors for effective crop N status estimation

Nutrients Uptake in Shoots and Biomass Yields and Roots and Nutritive Value of Zuri Guinea Grass Inoculated with Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-22T18:09:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 aSaNutrientsUptakeinShootsandBiomassYieldsandRootsandNutritiveValueofZuriGuineaGrassInoculatedwithPlantGrowthpromotingBacteria.pdf: 1703657 bytes, checksum: 9a91ede6e19d57d315ad3ac563c9131f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019bitstream/item/209388/1/aSa-Nutrients-Uptake-in-Shoots-and-Biomass-Yields-and-Roots-and-Nutritive-Value-of-Zuri-Guinea-Grass-Inoculated-with-Plant-Growth-promoting-Bacteria.pd

Influência da inoculação com isolados de rizóbio no acúmulo e eficiência de uso de micronutrientes no feijão-comum em solos de Cerrado.

O feijão-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) apresenta grande importância nutricional na alimentação do brasileiro, além de relevante contribuição no cenário socioeconômico nacional e internacional. Sabe-se que o feijão-comum é uma cultura exigente em nutrientes, devido ao seu ciclo biológico relativamente curto, cerca de 60 a 100 dias. Porém, atualmente, cresce a necessidade de novas tecnologias capazes de diminuir ou substituir o uso de adubação mineral nas culturas agrícolas e, diante disso, a inoculação com estirpes de rizóbios no feijão-comum apresenta-se como uma alternativa promissora e sustentável. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o acúmulo e a eficiência de uso de micronutrientes no feijão-comum inoculado com diferentes estirpes de rizóbio.Evento online

Benefícios da inoculação com isolados de rizóbio no acúmulo e eficiência de uso de macronutrientes no feijão-comum em solos de Cerrado.

O feijão-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) é uma das espécies mais produzidas no território nacional e é integrante fundamental da dieta da população, possuindo relevante contribuição socioeconômica. O feijão-comum é uma planta exigente em fertilidade e qualidade do solo e, com intuito de reduzir a utilização de fertilizantes químicos, uma alternativa é a adoção da prática de inoculação com estirpes de rizóbio. Porém, a disponibilidade de nutrientes está entre os fatores que influenciam o desempenho dessas estirpes. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o acúmulo e a eficiência de uso de macronutrientes no feijão-comum inoculado com diferentes estirpes de rizóbio.Evento online

Quality variables for technological application of cocoa clones from the Brazilian semiarid region

ABSTRACT Characterization of cocoa clones produced in the semiarid region is necessary to enlarge the database about these implanted clones and thus enhance the quality of their by-products. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate physical, chemical, and physicochemical characteristics of the CCN 51, CEPEC 2004, CEPEC 2005, and PS 1319 clones, produced in the region of Vale do Jaguaribe in the state of Ceará (Brazil), and to suggest food processes or products for them. The clones were evaluated according to their physical traits (total fruit mass, rind, pulp, seeds, and placenta and pulp with seeds), fruit transverse diameter (FTD), fruit longitudinal diameter (FLD), the ratio FTD/FLD; rind external thickness (ERT), rind internal thickness (IRT), the ratio ERT/IRT, number of seeds, seed thickness, seed transverse diameter (STD), seed longitudinal diameter (SLD), and the ratio STD/SLD, yield, pulp color, chemical traits (humidity, lipids, proteins, ashes, crude fiber, and carbohydrates), and physicochemical traits (titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids, and reducing sugars) were evaluated. The CCN 51 and CEPEC 2005 clones are the most suitable for the process of cocoa fermentation. For desserts, jams, pulp, and nibs for fat-restricted diets, the most suitable clones are CCN 51, CEPEC 2005, PS 1319 and CEPEC 2004, respectively

Overactive bladder-18 years - Part II

Traditionally, the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome has been based on the use of oral medications with the purpose of reestablishing the detrusor stability. The recent better understanding of the urothelial physiology fostered conceptual changes, and the oral anticholinergics - pillars of the overactive bladder pharmacotherapy - started to be not only recognized for their properties of inhibiting the detrusor contractile activity, but also their action on the bladder afference, and therefore, on the reduction of the symptoms that constitute the syndrome. Beta-adrenergic agonists, which were recently added to the list of drugs for the treatment of overactive bladder, still wait for a definitive positioning - as either a second-line therapy or an adjuvant to oral anticholinergics. Conservative treatment failure, whether due to unsatisfactory results or the presence of adverse side effects, define it as refractory overactive bladder. In this context, the intravesical injection of botulinum toxin type A emerged as an effective option for the existing gap between the primary measures and more complex procedures such as bladder augmentation. Sacral neuromodulation, described three decades ago, had its indication reinforced in this overactive bladder era. Likewise, the electric stimulation of the tibial nerve is now a minimally invasive alternative to treat those with refractory overactive bladder. The results of the systematic literature review on the oral pharmacological treatment and the treatment of refractory overactive bladder gave rise to this second part of the review article Overactive Bladder - 18 years, prepared during the 1st Latin-American Consultation on Overactive Bladder.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, EPM, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Urol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilFac Med ABC, Dept Urol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Los Andes, Dept Urol, Bogota, ColombiaEscuela Med Mil, Dept Urol, Mexico City, DF, MexicoHosp Clin Jose San Martin, Catedra Urol, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaMae de Deus Ctr Hosp, Dept Urol, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilAC Camargo Hosp, Dept Urol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilHosp Clinico Fuerza Area Chile, Santiago, ChileInst Mexicano Seguro Social, Mexico City, DF, MexicoHosp Souza Aguiar, Dept Urol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilComplejo Med Policial Churruca Visca, Serv Urol, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaCtr Policlin Valencia Vina, Valencia, VenezuelaHosp Pablo Tobon Uribe, Medellin, ColombiaClin Indisa, Serv Urol, Providencia, ChileCtr Reabilitacao & Readaptacao Dr Henriqe Santill, Goiania, Go, BrazilHosp Univ Caracas, Serv Urol, Caracas, VenezuelaUniv Fed Ceara, Div Urol, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, EPM, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Overactive bladder-18 years - Part I

Overactive bladder syndrome is one of the lower urinary tract dysfunctions with the highest number of scientific publications over the past two decades. This shows the growing interest in better understanding this syndrome, which gathers symptoms of urinary urgency and increased daytime and nighttime voiding frequency, with or without urinary incontinence and results in a negative impact on the quality of life of approximately one out of six individuals - including both genders and almost all age groups. The possibility of establishing the diagnosis just from clinical data made patients' access to specialized care easier. Physiotherapy resources have been incorporated into the urological daily practice. A number of more selective antimuscarinic drugs with consequent lower adverse event rates were released. Recently, a new class of oral drugs, beta-adrenergic agonists has become part of the armamentarium for Overactive Bladder. Botulinum toxin injections in the bladder and sacral neuromodulation are routine modalities of treatment for refractory cases. During the 1st Latin-American Consultation on Overactive Bladder, a comprehensive review of the literature related to the evolution of the concept, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management was conducted. This text corresponds to the first part of the review Overactive Bladder 18-years.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, EPM, Rua Dr Oscar Monteiro Barros 617-141, BR-05641010 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Urol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilFac Med ABC, Dept Urol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Los Andes, Dept Urol, Bogota, ColombiaEscuela Med, Dept Urol, Mexico City, DF, MexicoHosp Clin Jose San Martin, Catedra Urol, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaMae de Deus Ctr Hosp, Dept Urol, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilAC Camargo Hosp, Dept Urol, Sao Paulo, BrazilHosp Clin Fuerza Area Chile, Santiago, ChileInst Mexicano Seguro Social, Mexico City, DF, MexicoHosp Souza Aguiar, Dept Urol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilComplejo Med Policial Churruca Visca, Serv Urol, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaCtr Policlin Valencia Vina, Valencia, VenezuelaHosp Pablo Tobon Uribe, Medellin, ColombiaClin Indisa, Serv Urol, Providencia, ChileCtr Reabilitacao & Readaptacao Dr Henriqe Santill, Goiania, Go, BrazilHosp Univ Caracas, Serv Urol, Caracas, VenezuelaUniv Fed Ceara, Div Urol, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, EPM, Rua Dr Oscar Monteiro Barros 617-141, BR-05641010 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Remdesivir and three other drugs for hospitalised patients with COVID-19: final results of the WHO Solidarity randomised trial and updated meta-analyses

Background The Solidarity trial among COVID-19 inpatients has previously reported interim mortality analyses for four repurposed antiviral drugs. Lopinavir, hydroxychloroquine, and interferon (IFN)-beta 1a were discontinued for futility but randomisation to remdesivir continued. Here, we report the final results of Solidarity and meta-analyses of mortality in all relevant trials to date.Methods Solidarity enrolled consenting adults (aged >= 18 years) recently hospitalised with, in the view of their doctor, definite COVID-19 and no contraindication to any of the study drugs, regardless of any other patient characteristics. Participants were randomly allocated, in equal proportions between the locally available options, to receive whichever of the four study drugs (lopinavir, hydroxychloroquine, IFN-beta 1a, or remdesivir) were locally available at that time or no study drug (controls). All patients also received the local standard of care. No placebos were given. The protocol specified primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, subdivided by disease severity. Secondary endpoints were progression to ventilation if not already ventilated, and time-to-discharge from hospital. Final log-rank and Kaplan Meier analyses are presented for remdesivir, and are appended for all four study drugs. Meta-analyses give weighted averages of the mortality findings in this and all other randomised trials of these drugs among hospital inpatients. Solidarity is registered with ISRCTN, ISRCTN83971151, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04315948.Findings Between March 22, 2020, and Jan 29, 2021, 14 304 potentially eligible patients were recruited from 454 hospitals in 35 countries in all six WHO regions. After the exclusion of 83 (0.6%) patients with a refuted COVID-19 diagnosis or encrypted consent not entered into the database, Solidarity enrolled 14 221 patients, including 8275 randomly allocated (1:1) either to remdesivir (ten daily infusions, unless discharged earlier) or to its control (allocated no study drug although remdesivir was locally available). Compliance was high in both groups. Overall, 602 (14.5%) of 4146 patients assigned to remdesivir died versus 643 (15.6%) of 4129 assigned to control (mortality rate ratio [RR] 0.91 [95% CI 0.82-1.02], p=0.12). Of those already ventilated, 151 (42.1%) of 359 assigned to remdesivir died versus 134 (38.6%) of 347 assigned to control (RR 1.13 [0.89-1.42], p=0.32). Of those not ventilated but on oxygen, 14.6% assigned to remdesivir died versus 16.3% assigned to control (RR 0.87 [0.76-0.99], p=0.03). Of 1730 not on oxygen initially, 2.9% assigned to remdesivir died versus 3.8% assigned to control (RR 0.76 [0.46-1.28], p=0.30). Combining all those not ventilated initially, 11.9% assigned to remdesivir died versus 13.5% assigned to control (RR 0.86 [0.76-0.98], p=0.02) and 14.1% versus 15.7% progressed to ventilation (RR 0.88 [0.77-1.00], p=0.04). The non-prespecified composite outcome of death or progression to ventilation occurred in 19.6% assigned to remdesivir versus 22.5% assigned to control (RR 0.84 [0.75-0.93], p=0.001). Allocation to daily remdesivir infusions (vs open-label control) delayed discharge by about 1 day during the 10-day treatment period. A meta-analysis of mortality in all randomised trials of remdesivir versus no remdesivir yielded similar findings.Interpretation Remdesivir has no significant effect on patients with COVID-19 who are already being ventilated. Among other hospitalised patients, it has a small effect against death or progression to ventilation (or both)