STUDY OF EPIPHYTIC ALGAE ON Ceratophyllum demersum L. FROM TWO STATIONS AT SHATT AL-ARAB RIVER

      This study is carried out on the epiphytic algae on Ceratophyllum demersum L. that collected from two             different stations at Shatt al-Arab River to investigate the variations in quantity and quality of the epiphyticalgae according to location of aquatic plant. A total of 80 taxa of epiphytic algae were identified at two studied areas; diatoms were the dominant(57taxa) followed by Cyanobacteria (12 taxa) and Chlorophyta (11 taxa). There were variations in the total algal species at two studied stations. Most of the identified algae wereoriginally benthic but some were planktonic such as (Cyclotella spp.; Coscinodiscus sp.; Stephanodiscussp.; Bacillaria paxillifer and Scenedesmus spp.). Six species appeared during the study period; which may be due to their wide range in temperaturetolerance. Higher value of BOD 5 (22-15 mg/l) associated with higher quantity of Ceratophyllum demersum.This conclusion may apply on epiphytic algae which collected from this aquatic plant.         This study is carried out on the epiphytic algae on Ceratophyllum demersum L. that collected from two             different stations at Shatt al-Arab River to investigate the variations in quantity and quality of the epiphytic algae according to location of aquatic plant. A total of 80 taxa of epiphytic algae were identified at two studied areas; diatoms were the dominant (57taxa) followed by Cyanobacteria (12 taxa) and Chlorophyta (11 taxa). There were variations in the total algal species at two studied stations. Most of the identified algae were originally benthic but some were planktonic such as (Cyclotella spp.; Coscinodiscus sp.; Stephanodiscus sp.; Bacillaria paxillifer and Scenedesmus spp.). Six species appeared during the study period; which may be due to their wide range in temperature tolerance. Higher value of BOD 5 (22-15 mg/l) associated with higher quantity of Ceratophyllum demersum. This conclusion may apply on epiphytic algae which collected from this aquatic plant.

Investigation of Microdevice Performance by Transient Heat Transfer Simulation

The present work considers transient electrothermal simulation of sub-micrometer silicon device and electron-phonon interactions in electrical and thermal fields. A coupled thermal and electrical model is developed for a silicon n n n structure consisting of the hydrodynamic equations for electron transport and energy conservation equations for phonon. The results indicate that, for one electric field the lattice temperature gradient has significant effect on the magnitude of electric current. The transient phonon temperature affects the device performance due to the change of mobility and gradient temperature of electron. At an external voltage of 0.1 V, calculations show that an increase in the junction boundary temperature by 100 °C, cause increasing the drain current by 16% at 3 picosecond and decreases it by 17% up to steady state condition

STUDY OF EPIPHYTIC ALGAE ON Ceratophyllum demersum L. FROM TWO STATIONS AT SHATT AL-ARAB RIVER

      This study is carried out on the epiphytic algae on Ceratophyllum demersum L. that collected from two             different stations at Shatt al-Arab River to investigate the variations in quantity and quality of the epiphyticalgae according to location of aquatic plant. A total of 80 taxa of epiphytic algae were identified at two studied areas; diatoms were the dominant(57taxa) followed by Cyanobacteria (12 taxa) and Chlorophyta (11 taxa). There were variations in the total algal species at two studied stations. Most of the identified algae wereoriginally benthic but some were planktonic such as (Cyclotella spp.; Coscinodiscus sp.; Stephanodiscussp.; Bacillaria paxillifer and Scenedesmus spp.). Six species appeared during the study period; which may be due to their wide range in temperaturetolerance. Higher value of BOD 5 (22-15 mg/l) associated with higher quantity of Ceratophyllum demersum.This conclusion may apply on epiphytic algae which collected from this aquatic plant.         This study is carried out on the epiphytic algae on Ceratophyllum demersum L. that collected from two             different stations at Shatt al-Arab River to investigate the variations in quantity and quality of the epiphytic algae according to location of aquatic plant. A total of 80 taxa of epiphytic algae were identified at two studied areas; diatoms were the dominant (57taxa) followed by Cyanobacteria (12 taxa) and Chlorophyta (11 taxa). There were variations in the total algal species at two studied stations. Most of the identified algae were originally benthic but some were planktonic such as (Cyclotella spp.; Coscinodiscus sp.; Stephanodiscus sp.; Bacillaria paxillifer and Scenedesmus spp.). Six species appeared during the study period; which may be due to their wide range in temperature tolerance. Higher value of BOD 5 (22-15 mg/l) associated with higher quantity of Ceratophyllum demersum. This conclusion may apply on epiphytic algae which collected from this aquatic plant.

Morphological asymmetry in two marine fish species Acanthopagrusarabicus (Family: Sparidae) and Planiliza klunzingeri (Family: Mugilidae), collected from brackish and freshwater environments in southern Iraq

Morphological asymmetry was analysed in two marine fish species Acanthopagrus arabicus and Planiliza klunzingeri, in brackish and freshwater habitats in southern Iraq. For both species, specimens from the Shatt al-Arab River and Shatt al-Basrah Canal exhibited greater asymmetry values for snout length. In both locations examined, the levels of asymmetry of the physical traits increased as the fish grew. The high levels of asymmetry in the two fish species may be linked to heavy metal pollutants in the two aquatic environments studied.Morphological asymmetry was analysed in two marine fish species Acanthopagrus arabicus and Planiliza klunzingeri, in brackish and freshwater habitats in southern Iraq. For both species, specimens from the Shatt al-Arab River and Shatt al-Basrah Canal exhibited greater asymmetry values for snout length. In both locations examined, the levels of asymmetry of the physical traits increased as the fish grew. The high levels of asymmetry in the two fish species may be linked to heavy metal pollutants in the two aquatic environments studied

Labour-market marginalisation after mental disorders among young natives and immigrants living in Sweden

Abstract Background The aim was to investigate the associations between mental disorders and three different measures of labour-market marginalisation, and differences between native Swedes and immigrants. Methods The study comprised 1,753,544 individuals, aged 20–35 years, and resident in Sweden 2004. They were followed 2005–2011 with regard to disability pension, sickness absence (≥90 days) and unemployment (≥180 days). Immigrants were born in Western countries (Nordic countries, EU, Europe outside EU or North-America/Oceania), or in non-Western countries (Africa, Asia or South-America). Mental disorders were grouped into seven subgroups based on a record of in- or specialised outpatient health care 2001–2004. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed by Cox regression models with both fixed and time-dependent covariates and competing risks. We also performed stratified analyses with regard to labour-market attachment. Results Individuals with mental disorders had a seven times higher risk of disability pension, a two times higher risk of sickness absence, and a 20% higher risk of unemployment than individuals without mental disorders. Individuals with personality disorders and schizophrenia/non-affective psychoses had highest risk estimates for having disability pension and long-term sickness absence, while the risk estimates of long-term unemployment were similar among all subgroups of mental disorders. Among persons with mental disorders, native Swedes had higher risk estimates for disability pension (HR:6.6; 95%CI:6.4–6.8) than Western immigrants (4.8; 4.4–5.2) and non-Western immigrants (4.8; 4.4–5.1), slightly higher risk estimates for sickness absence (2.1;2.1–2.2) than Western (1.9;1.8–2.1), and non-Western (1.9;1.7–2.0) immigrants but lower risk estimates for unemployment (1.4;1.3–1.4) than Western (1.8;1.7–1.9) and non-Western immigrants (2.0;1.9–2.1). There were similar risk estimates among sub-regions within both Western and non-Western countries. Stratification by labour-market attachment showed that the risk estimates for immigrants were lower the more distant individuals were from gainful employment. Conclusions Mental disorders were associated with all three measures of labour-market marginalisation, strongest with subsequent disability pension. Native Swedes had higher risk estimates for both disability pension and sickness absence, but lower risk estimates for unemployment than immigrants. Previous labour-market attachment explained a great part of the association between immigrant status and subsequent labour-market marginalisation

The impact of perfectionism and anxiety traits on action monitoring in major depressive disorder

Perfectionism and anxiety features are involved in the clinical presentation and neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). In MDD, cognitive control mechanisms such as action monitoring can adequately be investigated applying electrophysiological registrations of the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe). It is also known that traits of perfectionism and anxiety influence ERN amplitudes in healthy subjects. The current study explores the impact of perfectionism and anxiety traits on action monitoring in MDD. A total of 39 MDD patients performed a flankers task during an event-related potential (ERP) session and completed the multidimensional perfectionism scale (MPS) with its concern over mistakes (CM) and doubt about actions (DA) subscales and the trait form of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Multiple regression analyses with stepwise backward elimination revealed MPS-DA to be a significant predictor (R2:0.22) for the ERN outcomes, and overall MPS (R2:0.13) and MPS-CM scores (R2:0.18) to have significant predictive value for the Pe amplitudes. Anxiety traits did not have a predictive capacity for the ERPs. MPS-DA clearly affected the ERN, and overall MPS and MPS-CM influenced the Pe, whereas no predictive capacity was found for anxiety traits. The manifest impact of perfectionism on patients’ error-related ERPs may contribute to our understanding of the action-monitoring process and the functional significance of the Pe in MDD. The divergent findings for perfectionism and anxiety features also indicate that the wide range of various affective personality styles might exert a different effect on action monitoring in MDD, awaiting further investigation