Self-dependence of economics students at Tomsk State University, Russia

The household finance course is an important part of economics student curriculum because it takes the students attention to questions about their own finance and improve their financial literacy. Within the household finance course we conducted the survey of students. As a result of the questionnaire we received the information of (1) household types, (2) types of accommodation, (3) expenses, (4) incomes, (5) rests of the money, reserves, debts, real assets, (6) medium term financial plans and (7) financial experience of students. Results indicated that self-dependence of Russian students is considerably based on reciprocal interrelation within expanded household. The recip-rocal character of relation within Russian expanded households exhibits itself by parental alimony payments to young adults and confidence in possibility to use parental funds in case of necessity

The mechanism and regularities of ion runoff formation in the Ob River (Western Siberia) under the influence of its tributaries and underground feeding

An analysis of observation data was conducted on the chemical composition of river and groundwater in the Ob River basin, covering more than 23 thousand samples taken from the network of governmental monitoring of surface and groundwater, the materials of scientific research, and engineering surveys. A model was developed for computing the total content of major ions along a stem of the Ob River. As a result, quantitative estimates of the total ion runoff and its underground component were obtained. Conclusions were drawn relating to: (1) uneven distribution of the ion flow over the Ob basin; (2) the predominant removal of dissolved solids from mountain regions and adjacent forest steppe and southern taiga areas and their accumulation in the middle taiga subzone with the maximum thickness of sedimentary cover of Mesozoic–Cenozoic deposits; (3) the influence of the main tributaries on the total dissolved solids (TDS) in the Ob River, limited to only a few kilometers downstream of their mouths (the rivers of Irtysh, Chumysh, and Severnaya Sosva as exceptions); (4) the maximum impact of groundwater on river water TDS in the forest steppe and southern taiga areas of the upper and middle Ob basin and minimum impact in the flat part of the lower reaches of the Ob in forest–tundra and tundra

Climate of West Siberia during the slowing phase of warming (1986–2015) and prediction of hydro-climatic resources for 2021–2030

The relevance of the study. The most visible affect of the present climate change is the rise of surface air temperature. Regional and local indicators of climate change differ from the global characteristics. Transformation of the hydrological cycle, water balance, river runoff in its turn affects climate processes. In order to predict the response of geosystems and their hydro-climatic resources to climate change it is necessary to have a clear vision of contemporary climate change and its projections for the coming decades in specific geographical localities. The aim of the study is (1) to assess the climate change over West Siberia on the basis of statistical analysis of monthly air temperature and precipitation time series up to 2015, (2) predict the average air temperature and precipitation fields for the 2021-2030, and (3) determine the climate-driven changes in water balance and water flow regime over the study area. The methods used in the study. Analysis and forecasting of spatial and temporal variability of surface air temperature and precipitation rates at meteorological stations in the region are made by statistical methods in the StatSoft STATISTICA package (regression analysis, trend analysis, cluster analysis to classify objects, exponential smoothing and forecasting). The averaged monthly land water balance constituents are determined for the base (1966-1985), current (1986-2015) and forecast (2021-2030) using the method of hydrological and climatical calculations developed by V.S. Mezentsev. The results. It is shown that the modern 30yrs climatic period differs from the previous one in higher energy level (air temperature). Against this background, not only upward but downward temperature trends in some months are observed. The authors have predicted the average temperatures and precipitation rates in a cold season and monthly temperatures and precipitation in a warm season of the year at 31 meteorological stations for 2021-2030. The estimates for the current and forecast periods made it possible to compute the average regime parametres of precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff and moisture of soil active layer at the meteorological stations located in different lanscape zones and regions of West Siberian plain. The projected increase in temperature and evapotranspiration does not lead to the expected decrease in flow even in the southern dry regions. At the same time, soil moisture in summer will decrease everywher

The first computer model of currents in the Kurai Intermountane Basin, Altai, under release of a glacial-dammed lake

The first 2D computer model of the currents (including circulation currents) inside the glacial dammed Kurai Lake under its release caused by the dam break is simulated in the RMA2 program of the SMS 9.2 modeling system. The hydraulic parameters are calculated for several given water discharges in the transit flow (from 10 to 0.3 million m3/s) of the basin. A consecutive change in the circulation currents during the release of the lake is identified. A comparison of the character of circulation and the calculated fields of the depths and the current velocities in the lake with the orientation of the gravel ranges on the bottom of the Kurai basin allows reconstruction of the hydraulic conditions of possible formation of the giant ripple fields

Customary Law of Russian Peasants in K. R. Kachorovsky’s Views

The article focuses on K. R. Kachorovsky’s views on the customary law of Russian peasants. The focus of attention is the peasant volost justice, which was developed in post-reform Russia. The paper analyzes the domestic historiography of the issue. The article is based on the fundamental works of K. R. Kachorovsky dedicated to the rural community. In turn, Kachorovsky’s position was based on the valuable source - materials of the peasant communities which he collected through questionnaires. The article shows that the researcher was a supporter of the theory of labour in peasant law, examines in detail his ideas about the “right to work” and “work right” in rural life. It is noted that Kachorovsky and a number of other researchers in post-reform Russia claimed contradictions between the legal views of labour and the lower classes of the Russian elite, relying on the categories of Roman law. In this regard, the thesis is substantiated that the peasants had a strong sense of ownership, but in accordance with the norms of customary law and the labour principle; in this regard, the agrarian unrest of the early 20th century should be assessed not as “pogroms,” but as attempts of the community to restore justice in its usual legal sense. The novelty of the research lies in the appeal to the creative heritage of the original researcher of the pre-revolutionary village, who studied the legal concepts and values of the Russian peasantry

Fight for Sobriety in Russia at Beginning of 20th Century: Discussion on Low-Alcohol Beverages

The problem of alcohol consumption and the struggle for sobriety in Russia in the early 20th century is being investigated. The discussion in government and public circles about the possibility of effectively combating drunkenness by spreading the culture of consuming low-alcohol beverages (primarily beer) among the people is analyzed. The aim of the article is to analyze how viable this idea could have been in the realities of that time. The relevance of addressing this topic is due to the ongoing search in modern Russia for ways to spread the values of a healthy lifestyle among the population in the face of the interests of producers and sellers of various types of alcohol in preserving and increasing their profits. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and comparative analysis. Among the sources used are archival materials (from the RGIA funds), press, stenographic reports of State Duma meetings, and journalism. The sources used together allow achieving the set goal. The main result of the research is to clarify the circumstances and reasons for the victory of domestic temperance forces over the “beer lobby” in the 1900s—1910s, the main reason being the unwillingness of the government, society, and the masses to replace strong vodka with beer on a national scale

Инновационная деятельность быстрорастущих компаний как условие повышения их конкурентоспособности

This article was conducted to identify the impact of innovative and scientific activities on competitiveness of fast growing Russian companies. The authors demonstrated that the competitiveness of domestic companies depends on their expenditures on R&D and technological innovation, the costs of staff training and other factors. Dataset for the study is based on the national ranking of fast-growing high-tech companies "TechUp 2013"

Подходы к формированию технологической долины МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова

Lomonosov Moscow State University is a leading Russian institution of higher education, the only one included in the top 100 authoritative global ranking - ARWU (Shanghai ranking). Since 2014 it is planned to implement a large-scale project of the Technology Valley in Russia, the research world-class center associated with the University. The paper analyzes the main approaches to the implementation of the project, based on the analysis of international experience. We formulated recommendations for its implementation. In the modern world, the competitiveness of the country is determined by its ability to create opportunities for human potential, to attract and retain the most talented people. The Technology Valley project in Russia should be developed regarding to its local position advantages and the Moscow university development goals should also be taken into account. The accelerated development of the project can become a successful anti-crisis strategy