Response behaviour of oxygen sensing solid electrolytes

The response time (t r) after a step change in oxygen partial pressure was investigated for some solid electrolytes used in Nernst type oxygen sensors. The electrolyte as well as the (porous) electrode material affect the value oft r. Stabilized Bi2O3 materials exhibit slower response rates (largert r values) than stabilized ZrO2. Introduction of Bi2O3 in stabilized ZrO2 increases the response time. Gold electrodes show a higher response rate than platinum in the oxygen partial pressure and temperature region used.\u

The electrode resistance of ZrO2---Y2O3(-Bi2O3) solid electrolytes with Pt electrodes

The electrode resistance (Re1) at low over-voltages has been determined for Bi2O3 free and Bi2O3 doped yttria-stabilized zirconia with sputtered platinum electrodes. The anode and cathode resistances are measured separately and are equal. Bi2O3 causes a decrease of the electrode resistance at small overvoltage and with 5 × 10−4 < PO2 less-than-or-equals, slant 1 atm. The rate determining step for the electrode reaction under the measuring conditions probably is a charge-transfer process in which oxygen adsorbs dissociatively on the bismuth free and associatively on the bismuth doped samples. The complex impedance behaviour of the electrode reaction can be interpreted in terms of R-C circuits in the PO2 range of 10−2−1 atm

A remarkably simple α-oximation of ketones to 1,2-dione monooximes using the chlorotrimethylsilane-isoamyl nitrite combination

Ketones undergo α-oximation by NOCl formed in situ from Me3SiCl and isoamyl nitrite, either in solution or under solvent-free conditions, to produce 1,2-dione monooximes in excellent yields. The oximation is regiospecific in appropriate cases. © 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd

Effects of stocking density on growth and production of GIFT (Oreochromis niloticus)

The study was carried out to assess the effects of stocking density on growth and production of GIFT for a period of 100 days. Three stocking densities were used 150, 200 and 250 fish/decimal; designated as treatment T1, T2 and T3 respectively having two replicates for each. Commercial pellet feeds were fed at the rate of 30% body weight up to first 10 days and then gradually it was readjusted to 22%, 18%, 15%, 12%, 10%, 8%, 6%, 5% and 4% respectively after every 10 days interval. The result showed that the fish in the treatment T1 stocked with the lowest stocking density (150 fish/dec) resulted in best individual weight gain (148.65g) followed by those in treatment T2 and T3 respectively. The specific growth rates (SGR) at every 10 days were ranged from 6.59 to 1.11 in different treatments during the experimental period. The food conversion ratio (FCR) values ranged between 1.82 to 2.03 with treatment T1 showing the lowest FCR. The survival rate ranged between 84 to 92%. Treatment T1 and treatment T2 showed significantly higher survival than Treatment T3. The fish production rate in treatment T1, T2 and T3 were 18.58, 23.87 and 26.78 kg/decimal respectively

Emotion regulation and its effects on mood improvement in response to in vivo peer rejection challenge

This study examined children's spontaneous use of behavioral emotion regulation (ER) strategies and their effects on subsequent mood change in response to an in vivo peer rejection manipulation. Participants (N = 186), ranging between 10 and 13 years of age, played a computer game based on the television show Survivor and were randomized to either peer rejection (being voted out of the game) or nonrejection control. In response to rejection, more than one third of the participants (38%) displayed a marked worsening (i.e., reliable change) in state mood. After receiving feedback, time spent on several behavioral ER strategies during a 5-minute postfeedback period was assessed. At the end of the postfeedback period, children's cognitive activity was also assessed. More time spent on behavioral distraction was positively linked to subsequent increases in positive affect, whereas the reverse pattern was found for disengagement/passive behavior. Moreover, higher endorsement ratings for the strategy of "cognitive analysis" were associated with stronger increases in negative affect. © 2006 APA, all rights reserved

Influence of gravity compensation training on synergistic movement patterns of the upper extremity after stroke, a pilot study

Background\ud \ud The majority of stroke patients have to cope with impaired arm function. Gravity compensation of the arm instantaneously affects abnormal synergistic movement patterns. The goal of the present study is to examine whether gravity compensated training improves unsupported arm function. \ud \ud Methods\ud \ud Seven chronic stroke patients received 18 half-hour sessions of gravity compensated reach training, in a period of six weeks. During training a motivating computer game was played. Before and after training arm function was assessed with the Fugl-Meyer assessment and a standardized, unsupported circle drawing task. Synergistic movement patterns were identified based on concurrent changes in shoulder elevation and elbow flexion/extension angles. \ud \ud Results\ud \ud Median increase of Fugl-Meyer scores was 3 points after training. The training led to significantly increased work area of the hemiparetic arm, as indicated by the normalized circle area. Roundness of the drawn circles and the occurrence of synergistic movement patterns remained similar after the training. \ud \ud Conclusions\ud \ud A decreased strength of involuntary coupling might contribute to the increased arm function after training. More research is needed to study working mechanisms involved in post stroke rehabilitation training. The used training setup is simple and affordable and is therefore suitable to use in clinical setting

Study on fish hatchery and nurseries in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

In generally, fish hatchery and nursery owners having both hatchery and nursery facilities were financially stronger, well-educated and well-trained than only nursery ponds owners in Mymensingh aquaculture region. On the other hand, only nursery pond owners were more experienced in fish seed business than only hatchery owners. Most of the owners were satisfied with existing communication facilities. Lack of technical knowledge was one of the major constraints which could be solved by ensuring proper training. This business can be made more profitable providing loan to poor farmers and improving law and order situation

New proaporphines from the bark of Phoebe scortechinii

The phytochemical study of the bark of Malaysian Phoebe scortechinii (Lauraceae) has resulted in the isolation and identification of two new proaporphine alkaloids; (+)-scortechiniine A (1) and (+)-scortechiniine B (2) together with two known proaporphines; (−)-hexahydromecambrine A (3), (−)-norhexahydromecambrine A (4), and one aporphine; norboldine (5). Structural elucidations of these alkaloids were performed using spectroscopic methods especially 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR

Totally endoscopic ear surgery:Issues on clinical implementation

Pathologie van het oor komt frequent voor en kan, indien niet behandeld, leiden tot ernstige gevolgen. Om adequate operatieve behandeling uit te voeren is goede visualisatie een vereiste. Dit wordt over het algemeen gedaan met behulp van een operatiemicroscoop. In de afgelopen decennia is het gebruik van de endoscoop als visualisatie-instrument in toenemende mate beschreven. In dit proefschrift worden enkele hiaten omtrent het gebruikt van endoscopen in oorchirurgie onderzocht. Er is gekeken naar operatie- en patiëntgerelateerde kennishiaten. Hierbij is onder andere het effect van de endoscoop op weefselinvasiviteit, postoperatieve pijn en gehoorresultaten onderzocht