Analysis of high velocity free surface flow interaction with a bridge pier in a trapezoidal channel using CFD

This study uses the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code ANSYS-CFX-12, to simulate 3D flow through a straight trapezoidal cross section channel containing a single bridge pier. The fluid flow condition is assumed to be steady state, isothermal and incompressible, with symmetry along the centerline of the channel, and the simulation uses the − turbulence model. The study investigates the impact of variations of aspect ratio (channel bed width/flow depth), bed and side slopes of the channel, discharge (represented by a Froude number), and the length and thickness of the bridge pier on the free surface flow profile, both along the centerline and the on the wall of the channel. The code is based on the finite volume method, and uses the volume of fluid (VOF) approach to predict the free surface flow profile. Prediction of the free surface flow profile is essential for the design of high velocity channels. Prior prediction of flow profiles can inform and improve the design of expensive structures, such as high velocity channels and bridges, in particular the height of channel walls and bridge decks. Firstly, the code was validated against the numerical and experimental work of Stockstill (1996) for a channel containing three piers, and found to agree well. Then, the method was applied to the design test case, and mesh convergence tests to establish the required mesh size were carried out. The simulations were conducted in parallel over 32 cores on the Plymouth University High Performance Computer Cluster (HPCC). Finally, a parametric study was carried out and analytical expressions derived for maximum flow depth at the centre-line and at the side wall of the channel. Useful non-dimensional curves and equations derived from regressions of the study data are provided, which can be used as a guideline for the design of high velocity channels containing a bridge pier. For data regressions the statistical package software Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) was used

Pemanfaatan Sumber Panas pada Kompor Menggunakan 10 Termoelektrik Generator Dirangkai secara Seri untuk Aplikasi Lampu Penerangan

Thermoelectric Generator is one of the alternative energy that uses differences temperature system uses to produce electrical energy. In the thermoelectric system, this generator uses stoves as the media to heat recovery that needed. Thermoelectric system that we researched was using 10 pieces of thermoelectric TEG-SP1848-27145 SA that arranged in a series with varieties of burning media such as firewood, gas LPG and spitrus. The use of different burning media affect the output of voltage that supplied by the thermoelectric. The difference temperature between the cold and hot side of termoelktrik generator (ΔT) when a steady state is 35 ° C using fuel wood, 39 ° C using a fuel gas and LPG and 20 oC using methylated. Optimal voltage is supplied by gas fuel LPG (ΔT) 39 ° C with output 1.62 volt

Sprouty2 mediated tuning of signalling is essential for somite myogenesis

Background: Negative regulators of signal transduction cascades play critical roles in controlling different aspects of normal embryonic development. Sprouty2 (Spry2) negatively regulates receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and FGF signalling and is important in differentiation, cell migration and proliferation. In vertebrate embryos, Spry2 is expressed in paraxial mesoderm and in forming somites. Expression is maintained in the myotome until late stages of somite differentiation. However, its role and mode of action during somite myogenesis is still unclear. Results: Here, we analysed chick Spry2 expression and showed that it overlaps with that of myogenic regulatory factors MyoD and Mgn. Targeted mis-expression of Spry2 led to inhibition of myogenesis, whilst its C-terminal domain led to an increased number of myogenic cells by stimulating cell proliferation. Conclusions: Spry2 is expressed in somite myotomes and its expression overlaps with myogenic regulatory factors. Overexpression and dominant-negative interference showed that Spry2 plays a crucial role in regulating chick myogenesis by fine tuning of FGF signaling through a negative feedback loop. We also propose that mir-23, mir-27 and mir-128 could be part of the negative feedback loop mechanism. Our analysis is the first to shed some light on in vivo Spry2 function during chick somite myogenesis

Contested Compliance Regimes in Global Production Networks: Insights from the Bangladesh Garment Industry

This article reports the findings of a field study on the emergence of collective agreements led by global brands enacting compliance measures to improve safety and working conditions in the Bangladesh garment industry. We explore how key actors in the Bangladesh garment sector who constitute the local production system of the global supply chain experienced the implementation of global agreements on factory safety. We argue that global safety compliance measures through multi-stakeholder initiatives provide legitimacy to multinational corporations and their global brands but do little to address the structural problems arising from exploitative pricing and procurement practices, which are the key reasons for deplorable working conditions in garment factories. Our findings indicate that neoliberal development policies of the state, where local economies are incorporated into global production networks, resulted in differential treatment and regulation of specific populations that comprise garment factory workers. The reconfiguration of state power to meet the demands of global supply chains also involved use of state violence to suppress dissent while undermining labour rights and working conditions. Our article contributes to the politicization of multinational corporations in global production chains by showing how contestations between workers, factory owners, the state, trade unions and multinational corporations create new private forms of governance and new regimes of compliance in the industr

Pendidikan Islam dan Kebangkitan Kaum Cendikiawan Muslim Indonesia

Pendidikan Islam memiliki sejarah panjang di Indonesia, dengan berbagai lembaga pendidikan seperti pesantren dan madrasah. Cendekiawan Muslim memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga ajaran Islam dan membangun masyarakat yang kuat. Ikatan Cendekiawan Muslim Indonesia (ICMI) didirikan pada tahun 1990 untuk menyatukan dan memberdayakan umat Islam. Penelitian pustaka dengan analisis isi digunakan sebagai metode untuk menganalisis literatur tentang sejarah ICMI dan peran cendekiawan Muslim. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ICMI telah berkontribusi secara signifikan untuk meningkatkan peran akademisi Muslim di Indonesia. Latar belakang lahirnya ICMI termasuk ketidakpuasan rakyat Islam terhadap kebijakan Orde Baru, keinginan rakyat untuk kembali berpartisipasi dalam politik nasional, dan perbedaan pendapat antara cendekiawan Muslim tentang pembaharuan pemikiran keagamaan. ICMI menawarkan tempat bagi cendekiawan Muslim untuk berkumpul dan bertukar ide, memberi mereka akses untuk terlibat dalam pengambilan keputusan politik, meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang peran cendekiawan Muslim, dan mendorong mereka untuk membantu pembangunan bangsa. Dari sejarah pendirian ICMI, dapat diambil pelajaran betapa pentingnya cendekiawan Muslim untuk membangun bangsa, bekerja sama dengan pemerintah, menjaga organisasi dari intervensi politik, dan terus membaharui pemikiran keagamaan Islam

Influence of Supplemental Methionine on Growth Performance of Uda Lambs in a Semi-Arid Environment

A twelve week feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of supplementing methionine on growth performance of lambs. A total of twelve growing lambs were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments containing graded methionine levels in a completely randomised experimental design. The animals were fed diets containing 0 (control), 2 and 4g/kg methionine. Results indicated significant differences (P<0.05) between treatment means in terms of feed intake and live weight changes. Animals fed diets containing 2g/ kg methionine were better (P <0.05) compared to other treatments in terms of feed intake and growth performance. It was concluded that 2g/kg methionine gave the optimum performance

Pembelajaran SFAE Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa SMP Negeri 4 Subang

Penelitianini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa SMPN 4 Subang lebih tinggi menggunakan model Student Facilitator And Explaining (SFAE)daripada memperoleh pembelajaran biasa.Metode penelitian menggunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pretest-posttest Control Group Design.Kelompok eksperimen model pembelajaran SFAEsedangkan kelompok kontrol menggunakan pembelajaran biasa.Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMPN 4 Subang dengan sampel penelitian siswa kelas VIII sebanyak dua kelas yang dipilih Non-random sampling.Instrumenyangdigunakan dalampenelitian iniyaitu berupatesdannon tes.Kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa diukur dengan instrumentesberupasoal-soalyang berbentukuraian.Sikap atau tanggapan siswadiketahui dengan Instrumennon tes berupa angket.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa SMPN 4 Subang lebih tinggi menggunakan model pembelajaran SFAEdaripada memperoleh pembelajaran biasa.Sikap atau tanggapanpositif ditunjukan siswa ketika menggunakan model pembelajaran SFAE

Histone deacetylases as new therapy targets for platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer

Introduction: In developed countries, ovarian cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. Due to the nonspecific symptomatology associated with the disease many patients with ovarian cancer are diagnosed late, which leads to significantly poorer prognosis. Apart from surgery and radiotherapy, a substantial number of ovarian cancer patients will undergo chemotherapy and platinum based agents are the mainstream first-line therapy for this disease. Despite the initial efficacy of these therapies, many women relapse; therefore, strategies for second-line therapies are required. Regulation of DNA transcription is crucial for tumour progression, metastasis and chemoresistance which offers potential for novel drug targets. Methods: We have reviewed the existing literature on the role of histone deacetylases, nuclear enzymes regulating gene transcription. Results and conclusion: Analysis of available data suggests that a signifant proportion of drug resistance stems from abberant gene expression, therefore HDAC inhibitors are amongst the most promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Together with genetic testing, they may have a potential to serve as base for patient-adapted therapies

Genetic determinants of co-accessible chromatin regions in activated T cells across humans.

Over 90% of genetic variants associated with complex human traits map to non-coding regions, but little is understood about how they modulate gene regulation in health and disease. One possible mechanism is that genetic variants affect the activity of one or more cis-regulatory elements leading to gene expression variation in specific cell types. To identify such cases, we analyzed ATAC-seq and RNA-seq profiles from stimulated primary CD4+ T cells in up to 105 healthy donors. We found that regions of accessible chromatin (ATAC-peaks) are co-accessible at kilobase and megabase resolution, consistent with the three-dimensional chromatin organization measured by in situ Hi-C in T cells. Fifteen percent of genetic variants located within ATAC-peaks affected the accessibility of the corresponding peak (local-ATAC-QTLs). Local-ATAC-QTLs have the largest effects on co-accessible peaks, are associated with gene expression and are enriched for autoimmune disease variants. Our results provide insights into how natural genetic variants modulate cis-regulatory elements, in isolation or in concert, to influence gene expression

ETHNOBOTANY, PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF OCHNA SCHWEINFURTHIANA: A REVIEW

Ochna schweinfurthiana (Os, Family: Ochnaceae) is a small evergreen tree used in ethnomedicine to treat different ailments; it is also used in agri-horticulture and as ornaments, dyes among others. It is a rich source of complex dimers of flavonoids and used for treatment of pain, inflammation, and arthritis. Chemical investigations carried out on the different parts of the plant have been confined to phenolic compounds majorly, bioflavonoids, glycosides, steroids and terpenes. The plant, O. schweinfurthiana have shown a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties which include antimicrobial, cytotoxic/antiproliferative, genotoxicity, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiplasmodial.  This review comprehensively summarizes the potential effects of the plant O. schweinfurthiana, chemically and pharmacologically. However, more researches in the aspect of phytochemical and biological studies are needed to exhaustively isolate bioactive compounds and evaluate their effects on other ailments as claimed by the traditional healers.                    Peer Review History: Received 20 Nov 2019;   Revised 19 December; Accepted 28 December, Available online 15 January 2020 Academic Editor: Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia,  Indonesia, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Mohamed Derbali, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir, Tunisia, [email protected] Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia, [email protected]  Similar Articles: ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF VITEX THYRSIFLORA LEAVES ON DIABETIC RAT