On singular Lagrangians affine in velocities

The properties of Lagrangians affine in velocities are analyzed in a geometric way. These systems are necessarily singular and exhibit, in general, gauge invariance. The analysis of constraint functions and gauge symmetry leads us to a complete classification of such Lagrangians.Comment: AMSTeX, 22 page

Development of the Dietary Pattern Sustainability Index (DIPASI): A novel multidimensional approach for assessing the sustainability of an individual's diet

The adoption of sustainable dietary patterns that consider simultaneously nutritional well-being and reduced environmental impact is of paramount importance. This paper introduces the Dietary Pattern Sustainability Index (DIPASI), as a method to assess the sustainability of dietary patterns by covering the environmental, nutritional, and economic dimensions in a single score. Environmental indicators include carbon footprint, water footprint, and land use, the nutritional quality is evaluated through the Nutritional Rich Diet 9.3 score, and the economic aspects are considered using diet cost. DIPASI measures the deviation (in %) of an individual's diet in relation to a reference diet. The case study utilized dietary data from the Portuguese National Food, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF 2015-2016), which included 2999 adults aged 18 to 64. The Portuguese dietary patterns (covering 1492 food products consumed), were compared against the reference Mediterranean diet. Results indicated that the Portuguese dietary pattern had a higher environmental impact (CF: 4.32 kg CO2eq/day, WF: 3162.88 L/day, LU: 7.03 m(2)/day), a lower nutritional quality (NRD9.3: 334), and a higher cost (6.65 euros/day) when compared to the Mediterranean diet (CF: 3.30 kg CO2eq/day, WF: 2758.84 L/day, LU: 3.67 m(2)/day, NRD9.3: 668, cost: 5.71 euros/day). DIPASI reveals that only 4% of the sample's population does not deviate or presents a positive deviation (> - 0.5%) from the Mediterranean diet, indicating that the majority of Portuguese individuals have lower sustainability performance. For the environmental sub-score, this percentage was 21.3%, for the nutritional sub-score was 10.9%, and for the economic sub-score was 34.2%. This study provides a robust framework for assessing dietary sustainability on a global scale. The comprehensive methodology offers an essential foundation for understanding and addressing challenges in promoting sustainable and healthy dietary choices worldwide

Older Worker-Orientated Human Resource Practices, Wellbeing and Leave Intentions: A Conservation of Resources Approach for Ageing Workforces

At a time where there are ageing populations, global shortages of skilled labour, and migration pathways impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, retaining older workers presents as a vital strategic initiative for organizations globally. This study examines the role of Human Resource Practices (HRPs), which are oriented towards accommodating the needs of an ageing workforce in mitigating psychological distress and turnover intentions. The study collected self-reported survey data from 300 Australian employees over the age of 45, over two time points. Using structural equation modelling, the study analyzed the extent to which Older Worker-oriented Human Resources Practices (OW-HRPs) translate into employee psychological health and retention within organizations, through the mediation of ageism and work–life conflict. The results support our hypothesis that OW-HRPs are associated with lower ageism, better work–life balance; and in combination these reduce psychological distress and help retain older workers in the workforce. We conclude that OW-HRPs can foster work environments conducive to older worker wellbeing, supporting the retention of talent and maintaining effectiveness, in the face of substantial labour supply challenges brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic and an ageing population

LA LACTANCIA MATERNA DE NIÑOS CON MICROCEFALIA EN EL CONTEXTO DE VIRUS DE ZIKA

Objetivo: comprender la percepción de madres de niños con microcefalia sobre la lactancia materna. Método: estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, realizado en un ambulatorio de seguimiento del Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brasil, entre marzo y mayo de 2019, con 12 mujeres. Se incluyeron las madres que tuvieron el síndrome de Zika en el brote ocurrido entre 2015 y 2016 y concibieron niños con microcefalia, y los testimonios fueron sometidos a un análisis de contenido. Resultados: con los discursos, surgieron las categorías: sentimientos maternos frente a la microcefalia; conocimiento de la microcefalia por parte de las madres; microcefalia y la lactancia materna; desafíos en el cuidado de un hijo con microcefalia; perspectivas futuras de cuidados. Consideraciones finales: e lacto de amamantar en el contexto del virus de Zika contribuye a la calidad de vida de los niños con microcefalia. Este estudio contribuye a la promoción de la lactancia materna a los niños con microcefalia visando fomentar y apoyar esta práctica.Objective: To understand the perceptions of breastfeeding of mothers of children with microcephaly.Method: Descriptive, qualitative study with 12 women conducted at the outpatient clinic of Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil, between March and May 2019. The participants were mothers affected by the Zika syndrome in the 2015-2016 outbreak who conceived children with microcephaly. The statements were submitted to content analysis.Results: The following categories emerged from the women’s statements: maternal feelings towards microcephaly; mothers’ knowledge about microcephaly; microcephaly  and breastfeeding; challenges in caring for a child with microcephaly; future care perspectives.Final considerations: Breastfeeding in the context of Zika contributes to improving the quality of life of children with microcephaly. This study contributes to the promotion of  breastfeeding children with microcephaly, aiming to promote and support this practice.Objetivo: compreender a percepção de mães de crianças com microcefalia sobre o aleitamento materno.Método: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado no ambulatório de acompanhamento do Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brasil, entre março e maio de 2019, com 12 mulheres. Incluíram-se mães que tiveram a síndrome do Zika no surto ocorrido entre 2015 e 2016 e conceberam crianças com microcefalia, e os depoimentos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo.Resultados: com as falas, emergiram as categorias: sentimentos maternos diante da microcefalia; conhecimento das mães sobre microcefalia; microcefalia e amamentação; desafios no cuidado de um filho com microcefalia; perspectivas futuras de cuidados.Considerações finais: amamentar no contexto do Zika contribui para a qualidade de vida das crianças com microcefalia. Este estudo contribui para a promoção do aleitamento materno às crianças com microcefalia visando à promoção e apoio dessa prática

Physicochemical quality of bottled butter/ Qualidade físico-química da manteiga de garrafa

Bottled butter also called butter of the backwoods and earth butter, has peculiar sensory characteristics and is a product widely consumed in northeastern Brazil. The artisanal processing takes place by small farmers who sell their products at free fairs. Butters are usually filled in inappropriate containers, reused plastic or glass bottles and devoid of labeling. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical quality of bottle butter marketed at a free fair of Vitória da Conquista – Bahia, Brazil. We analyzed 12 samples of bottled butter from four different sites, with 3 replicates in the period of one month at different weeks. The characteristics evaluated were humidity content, acidity, amount of fat and solids-not-fat (SNF), recommended by Normative Instruction nº 68 of December 12, 2006. All samples presented humidity content outside the standard provided for by legislation, with values ranging from 0.4 to 1.3g. On the other hand, the acidity index, amount of fat and solids-not-fat presented values within the normal range. In the evaluation of physicochemical parameters, it was evident the lack of standardization in the processing of bottle butter and the necessity of adapting it to the service recommended by normative instruction

EROSÃO EM FALÉSIAS COSTEIRAS E MOVIMENTOS DE MASSA NO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, NORDESTE DO BRASIL : Coastal cliff erosion ans mass movements in Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil

The coast of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) at the Northeast of Brazil is formed by sedimentary materials that form tablelands, dunes, cliffs and sandy beaches. The natural beauties of this area motivate occupation and tourist activities. This process of urbanization enhances mass movements, resulting from the increase of load, superficial erosion and removal of vegetation. Previous studies show that the coastline is in the process of retreat. This fact represents hazard to population and tourism industry. The present paper aims to better understand the mechanisms of mass movements and consequently seacliff retreat. Also, this research summarizes existing information, adds field observations and proposes a conceptual model that explains the mechanisms os failure and erosive processes identified. Additionally erosive processes are identified along the studied area. The main mechanisms identified are directly related to surface erosion, wetting of the material and basal erosion.A região costeira do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), no nordeste do Brasil é constituída por materiais sedimentares que formam tabuleiros costeiros, dunas, falésias e praias arenosas. A exuberância paisagística dessa área representa um atrativo para a ocupação humana e desenvolvimento de atividades turísticas. Esse processo de urbanização potencializa a ocorrência de movimentos de massa nas falésias, resultante doaumento da carga no topo das falésias, remoção da vegetação e aumento da erosão superficial. Estudos anteriores desenvolvidos nas falésias da região indicam que a linha de costa se encontra em processo de recuo, o que põe em risco a infraestrutura instalada e seus usuários. O presente artigo visa compreender os mecanismos de movimentos de massas que ocorrem nas falésias e resultam no seu recuo. O trabalho sistematiza as informações existentes, adiciona observações de campo e propõe um modelo conceitual contemplando os mecanismos de ruptura e processos erosivos identificados, ao longo da porção sul do litoral Oriental do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os principais mecanismos identificados estão diretamente relacionados à erosão superficial em episódios de chuvas intensas, umedecimento do material e a erosão basal, caracterizada pela remoção de material do pé das falésias, devido a ação das ondas