The island of Kauai, Hawaii's progressive shoreline setback and coastal protection ordinance

Approximately two-thirds of coastal and Great Lakes states have some type of shoreline construction setback or construction control line requiring development to be a certain distance from the shoreline or other coastal feature (OCRM, 2008). Nineteen of 30 coastal states currently use erosion rates for new construction close to the shoreline. Seven states established setback distances based on expected years from the shoreline: the remainder specify a fixed setback distance (Heinz Report, 2000). Following public hearings by the County of Kauai Planning Commission and Kauai County Council, the ‘Shoreline Setback and Coastal Protection Ordinance’ was signed by the Mayor of Kauai on January 25, 2008. After a year of experience implementing this progressive, balanced shoreline setback ordinance several amendments were recently incorporated into the Ordinance (#887; Bill #2319 Draft 3). The Kauai Planning Department is presently drafting several more amendments to improve the effectiveness of the Ordinance. The intent of shoreline setbacks is to establish a buffer zone to protect shorefront development from loss due to coastal erosion - for a period of time; to provide protection from storm waves; to allow the natural dynamic cycles of erosion and accretion of beaches and dunes to occur; to maintain beach and dune habitat; and, to maintain lateral beach access and open space for the enjoyment of the natural shoreline environment. In addition, a primary goal of the Kauai setback ordinance is to avoid armoring or hardening of the shore which along eroding coasts has been documented to ultimately eliminate the fronting beach. (PDF contains 4 pages

Coronary Artery-Bypass-Graft Surgery Increases the Plasma Concentration of Exosomes Carrying a Cargo of Cardiac MicroRNAs: An Example of Exosome Trafficking Out of the Human Heart with Potential for Cardiac Biomarker Discovery

Introduction Exosome nanoparticles carry a composite cargo, including microRNAs (miRs). Cultured cardiovascular cells release miR-containing exosomes. The exosomal trafficking of miRNAs from the heart is largely unexplored. Working on clinical samples from coronary-artery by-pass graft (CABG) surgery, we investigated if: 1) exosomes containing cardiac miRs and hence putatively released by cardiac cells increase in the circulation after surgery; 2) circulating exosomes and exosomal cardiac miRs correlate with cardiac troponin (cTn), the current “gold standard” surrogate biomarker of myocardial damage. Methods and Results The concentration of exosome-sized nanoparticles was determined in serial plasma samples. Cardiac-expressed (miR-1, miR-24, miR-133a/b, miR-208a/b, miR-210), non-cardiovascular (miR-122) and quality control miRs were measured in whole plasma and in plasma exosomes. Linear regression analyses were employed to establish the extent to which the circulating individual miRs, exosomes and exosomal cardiac miR correlated with cTn-I. Cardiac-expressed miRs and the nanoparticle number increased in the plasma on completion of surgery for up to 48 hours. The exosomal concentration of cardiac miRs also increased after CABG. Cardiac miRs in the whole plasma did not correlate significantly with cTn-I. By contrast cTn-I was positively correlated with the plasma exosome level and the exosomal cardiac miRs. Conclusions The plasma concentrations of exosomes and their cargo of cardiac miRs increased in patients undergoing CABG and were positively correlated with hs-cTnI. These data provide evidence that CABG induces the trafficking of exosomes from the heart to the peripheral circulation. Future studies are necessary to investigate the potential of circulating exosomes as clinical biomarkers in cardiac patients

Pengaruh islamic human development index dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap kemiskinan dengan pengangguran sebagai variabel intervening

Poverty is no longer a foreign problem to be discussed, moreover this problem has become an international problem, including Indonesia. This problem was exacerbated by the outbreak of the deadly disease Covid-19 which caused the Indonesian economy to slump further, not least from the economic sector that went out of business and high layoffs occurred. Many efforts must be made to reduce poverty, such as increasing human resource development, increasing economic growth and reducing unemployment. This study aims to determine the effect of the Islamic Human Development Index and economic growth on poverty with unemployment as an intervening variable in Indonesia in 2016-2020. This study uses quantitative research methods, and path testing as an analytical tool. The data used is panel data from 34 provinces spread across Indonesia with a total observation of 136 samples. The direct test results show that I-HDI and economic growth have a significant negative effect on unemployment, while the indirect test results show that I-HDI and economic growth have a significant negative effect on poverty, while the unemployment variable can mediate the I-HDI relationship on poverty and economic growth. against poverty

Pengaruh Kompensasi terhadap Kinerja (Studi Pada PT. BPR Jatim Pusat Surabaya)

Kompensasi merupakan suatu bentuk penghargaan perusahaan terhadap karyawan atas kontribusi yang mereka berikan berkaitan dengan kinerja karyawan yang bersangkutan. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan perlu memperhatikan faktor kompensasi agar produktivitas perusahaan secara keseluruhan dapat lebih ditingkatkan. Peningkatan produktivitas perusahaan melalui prestasi kerja (kinerja) masing-masing karyawan merupakan perwujudan dari pengelolaan yang lebih baik di bidang sumber daya manusia dan perusahaan yang bersangkutan telah mampu meningkatkan kinerja karyawannya lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui :(1) gambaran pemberian kompensasi yang meliputi kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial serta kinerja karyawan PT. BPR Jatim Pusat Surabaya, (2) pengaruh antara kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial secara simultan terhadap kinerja dan (3) variable bebas mana yang memiliki pengaruh secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini termasuk kategori penelitian explanatoris, dengan mengambil lokasi penelitian pada PT. BPR Jatim Pusat. Mengingat juml;ah karyawan yang kurang dari 100 (seratus) orang maka peneliti memutuskan untuk mengambil semua populasi yang ada yaitu sebanyak 42 orang responden. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner, wawancara, dokumen dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi berganda yaitu dengan uji hipotesis pada taraf signifikan 0,05. Berdasarkan analisis regresi berganda dapat diketahui bahwa secara simultan variabel bebas yang terdiri variable kompensasi finansial dan kompensasi non finansial mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan yaitu sebesar 23,4 % dan sisanya sebesar 76,6% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam model. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian secara parsial dari variabel bebas terhadap kinerja karyawan dapat dilihat bahwa variabel kompensasi finansial (XI ) memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap variabel kinerja karyawan (Y). Hal ini dapat dilihat dari signifikan t variabel bebas kompensasi finansial lebih besar dari taraf signifikan 0,05. sedangkan untuk variabel kompensasi non finansial memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, dapat dilihat dari signifikan t variabel kompensasi non finansial lebih kecil dari 0,05. Variabel bebas yang berpengaruh secara dominan (parsial) terhadap kinerja karyawan adalah kompensasi non finansial (X2) dapat dilihat dari nilai yang diperoleh paling besar 0,483 yang berarti besar pengaruh variabel kompensasi non finansial terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 48,3%

Pengaruh Islamic Human Development Index dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap kemiskinan dengan pengangguran sebagai Variabel Intervening tahun 2016-2020

ABSTRAK Kemiskinan bukan lagi menjadi permasalahan yang asing untuk diperbincangkan, terlebih masalah ini sudah menjadi permasalahan internasional, termasuk Indonesia. Masalah ini diperparah dengan datangnya wabah penyakit mematikan covid-19 yang menyebabkan perekonomian Indonesia makin terpuruk, tidak sedikit dari sektor perekonomian yang gulung tikar dan terjadinya pemutusan hubungan kerja besar-besaran. Banyak upaya yang harus dilakukan demi menurunkan angka kemiskinan ini, seperti meningkatkan pembangunan SDM, meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan mengurangi pengangguran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Islamic Human Development Index dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap kemiskinan dengan pengangguran sebagai variabel intervening di Indonesia tahun 2016-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, dan uji path sebagai alat analisis. Data yang digunakan adalah data panel dari 34 provinsi yang tersebar di Indonesia dengan total observasi sebanyak 136 sampel. Hasil pengujian langsung menunjukkan bahwa I-HDI dan pertumbuhan ekonomi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pengangguran, sedangkan untuk hasil pengujian tidak langsung I-HDI dan pertumbuhan ekonomi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kemiskinan, sedangkan untuk variabel pengangguran dapat memediasi hubungan I-HDI terhadap kemiskinan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap kemiskinan. مستخلص البحث لم يعد الفقر مشكلة أجنبية يجب مناقشتها ، علاوة على ذلك أصبحت هذه المشكلة مشكلة دولية ، بما في ذلك إندونيسيا. تفاقمت هذه المشكلة بسبب تفشي مرض COVID-19 القاتل الذي تسبب في مزيد من الانكماش للاقتصاد الإندونيسي ، ليس أقله من القطاع الاقتصادي الذي أفلس وكان هناك تسريح جماعي للعمال. يجب بذل العديد من الجهود للحد من معدل الفقر ، مثل زيادة تنمية الموارد البشرية ، وزيادة النمو الاقتصادي وتقليل البطالة. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد تأثير مؤشر التنمية البشرية الإسلامية والنمو الاقتصادي على الفقر مع البطالة كمتغير متداخل في إندونيسيا في 2016-2020. تستخدم هذه الدراسة طرق البحث الكمي ، واختبار المسار كأداة تحليلية. البيانات المستخدمة هي بيانات لوحة من 34 مقاطعة منتشرة في جميع أنحاء إندونيسيا مع ملاحظة إجمالية من 136 عينة. تظهر نتائج الاختبار المباشر أن I-HDI والنمو الاقتصادي لهما تأثير سلبي كبير على البطالة ، بينما تظهر نتائج الاختبار غير المباشر أن I-HDI والنمو الاقتصادي لهما تأثير سلبي كبير على الفقر ، في حين أن متغير البطالة يمكن أن يتوسط I-HDI علاقة مؤشر التنمية البشرية بالفقر والنمو الاقتصادي. مقابل الفقر. ABSTRACT Poverty is no longer a foreign problem to be discussed, moreover this problem has become an international problem, including Indonesia. This problem was exacerbated by the outbreak of the deadly COVID-19 disease which caused the Indonesian economy to slump further, not least from the economic sector that went bankrupt and there were massive layoffs. Many efforts must be made to reduce this poverty rate, such as increasing human resource development, increasing economic growth and reducing unemployment. This study aims to determine the effect of the Islamic Human Development Index and economic growth on poverty with unemployment as an intervening variable in Indonesia in 2016-2020. This study uses quantitative research methods, and path testing as an analytical tool. The data used is panel data from 34 provinces spread across Indonesia with a total observation of 136 samples. The direct test results show that I-HDI and economic growth have a significant negative effect on unemployment, while the indirect test results show that I-HDI and economic growth have a significant negative effect on poverty, while the unemployment variable can mediate the I-HDI relationship on poverty and economic growth. against poverty

نوع مقهى محلي (دراسة الحالية : هيئة وطنية للزكاة فرع (Mas Zakki Group) تأثير توزيع الزكاة الاستثمارية على رفاهية المستحقين غبر برنامج )2018يوجياكرتا سنة

Zakat adalah rukun Islam yang ketiga, merupakan salah satu instrumen utama dalam ajaran agama Islam yang berfungsi sebagai pendistribusian kekayaan dari si kaya kepada si miskin. Zakat merupakan instrumen resmi yang diarahkan untuk menciptakan pemerataan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat, sehingga taraf kehidupan masyarakat dapat ditingkatkan. Salah satu cara mensejahterakan masyarakat adalah dengan zakat produktif, yang mana Baznas kota Yogyakarta mempunyai program unggulan yang bernama Mas Zakki Group yang mengelola zakat produktif dengan pemberian modal, pelaporan pendapatan dan pendampingan.Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesejahteraan musthik zakat produktif yang mengikuti program Mas Zakki Group. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kuantitatif lapangan, pengumpulan data digunakan dengan wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner dengan jumlah 33 responden, yang mana responden ini adalah keseluruhan mustahik zakat pada program Mass Zakki Group pada jenis angkringan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji asumsi klasik yang dilanjutkan dengan uji hipotesis korelasi kanonik.dan uji T untuk menguji seberapa pengaruh pendistribusian zakat terhadap kesejahteraan mustahik. Variabel bebas penelitian ini adalah pendistribusian zakat, sedangkan variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini kesejahteraan mustahik terdiri dari lima varibel yaitu di dalam prespektif islam diukur dari hifdzu ad-din (Y1), hifdzu an-nafs(Y2), hifdzu al-aql(Y3), hifdzu an-nasl(Y4) dan hifdzu al-maal(Y5). Yang mana apabila kelima maqhashid ini terpenuhi maka manusia dapat dikatakan sejahtera. Temuan yang diperoleh adalah secara parsial pendistribusan zakat (X) hanya berpengaruh pada hifdzu an-nafs (Y2), hifdzu an-nasl (Y4) dan hifdzu al-maal (Y5). Secara bersamaan menggunakan uji hipotesis kanonikal pendistribusian zakat (X) sangat berpengaruh besar pada hifdzu an-nasl (Y2). Kata kunci : Distribusi, Zakat Produktif, Kesejahteraa

Peer Modern: A Contemporary, Movement-Based Abstraction of Henrik Ibsen’s Poetic-Drama/Adventure Epic Peer Gynt

As stated by the National Dance Association, dance is basic education that intensifies and clarifies the human experience. It reinforces all learning relating to and enhancing other academic areas, promotes self and social awareness, and also influences one’s understanding of their own culture and the culture of other people. Dance can influence people in a way that no other medium can. The story of Peer Gynt by Henrik Ibsen is a multiple-layered, poetic-drama/adventure-epic that explores many facets of the person. It was said that in the writing of Peer Gynt, Ibsen himself could see many characteristics of Peer in himself. In doing so he hoped that many of us will relate to one, or maybe several aspects of Peer’s personality with an eye to learn from him (Murphy). The story of Peer Gynt is an adventure. It was my hope that the audience could go on this adventure with Peer and maybe relate with him a little. This was also Ibsen’s intent in writing this poetic-drama/adventure epic; that we would see the characteristics of Peer in ourselves with a mind to better the less attractive qualities and, I like to add, build upon the good ones. It was an aim of mine in this project to create a movement-based work of art that was more than just entertaining. If one looked past the surface they would find meaning and useful application of principles

Kīpuka Kuleana: restoring relationships to place and strengthening climate adaptation through a community-based land trust

This community case study explores how Kīpuka Kuleana, a Native Hawaiian women-led community-based land trust, revitalizes relationships between people and ʻāina (lands and waters) to perpetuate cultural practices that build climate resilience in Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi. We demonstrate that ancestral land protection is foundational to climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts on Kauaʻi, an isolated rural island in the Pacific Ocean increasingly vulnerable to flooding and landslides, sea level rise, and other climate-related impacts. Kīpuka Kuleana strives to keep kupa ʻāina ʻohana (long-time families)—the anchors of community who care for, teach from, and maintain balance in their fragile environments—rooted to their homes amidst increasing gentrification, land dispossession, and climate-related disasters. Through our interwoven programs, we return lands to communities and communities to lands, a reciprocal process known as ʻāina hoʻi, to restore access to ʻāina for collective caretaking, place-based education, and spiritual rejuvenation. Our land trust partners with Indigenous and allied groups in Hawaiʻi, Louisiana, California and Borikén (Puerto Rico) to share learnings tied to land protection, disaster resilience, adaptation, and rematriation, or the restoration of relationships between Indigenous people and ancestral lands. We offer some of those lessons to illustrate how Indigenous-led community-based land trusts and stewardship efforts forge new possibilities for adapting in place and cultivating more connected, resilient ecosystems stewarded under Indigenous leadership, in alignment with the “Land Back” movement

The influence of fluid resuscitation strategy on outcomes from dengue shock syndrome: a review of the management of 691 children in 7 Southeast Asian hospitals

Introduction: The pathognomonic feature of dengue shock syndrome (DSS) is a transient capillary leak syndrome resulting in profound intravascular volume depletion. WHO management guidelines recommend particular parenteral fluid regimens during the critical leakage phase, including synthetic colloid solutions in certain circumstances. We set out to describe the actual fluid management strategies employed in different settings and to investigate relationships with clinical outcomes. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of paediatric DSS cases managed at seven hospitals across Malaysia, Myanmar and Vietnam. We explored the effects of both initial resuscitation (crystalloid alone or mixed crystalloid/colloid in the first 2 hours) and general management: group 1 (conservative-colloid, crystalloid only), group 2 (intermediate-colloid, colloid for 1–4 hours) or group 3 (liberal-colloid, continuous colloid for more than 4 hours) categorised according to the fluid given over the first 6 hours in clinically stable patients. We incorporated an inverse probability weighting score to adjust for potential differences in baseline severity. Results: Among all 691 patients, respiratory compromise (HR 2.08, p=0.022), requirement for nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP)/ventilation (OR 2.34, p<0.045) and days in hospital after DSS onset (risk ratio, RR 1.33, p=0.032) were significantly worse for mixed crystalloid/colloid versus crystalloid-only initial resuscitation regimens, after adjusting for baseline severity. Among the 547/691 children who stabilised within 2 hours, although a liberal-colloid general management strategy (group 3) was associated with a reduction in recurrent shock episodes (RR 0.13, p=0.043) when compared with a conservative-colloid strategy (group 1), the risks for respiratory compromise (OR 8.84, p<0.001) and requirement for NCPAP/ventilation (OR 8.16, p<0.001) were markedly increased. Additionally, the respective costs for group 3 vs group 1 were significantly higher. Conclusions: The study highlights the potential benefits and risks of using colloid solutions in children with DSS. Formal randomised trials could help determine the most effective and safe parenteral fluid regimens for paediatric DSS. In the meantime, prolonged use of colloid solutions may be inappropriate, especially in settings without access to respiratory support