Effects of temperature and pressure on phonons in FeSi_(1-x)Al_x

The effects of temperature and pressure on phonons in B20 compounds FeSi_(1−x)Al_x were measured using inelastic neutron scattering and nuclear-resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. The effect of hole doping through Al substitution is compared to results of alloying with Co (electron doping) in Fe_(1−x)Co_xSi. While the temperature dependence of phonons in FeSi is highly anomalous, doping with either type of carriers leads to a recovery of the normal quasiharmonic behavior. Density functional theory (DFT) computations of the electronic band structure and phonons were performed. The anomaly in the temperature dependence of the phonons in undoped FeSi was related to the narrow band gap, and its sensitivity to the effect of thermal disordering by phonons. On the other hand, the pressure dependence of phonons at room temperature in undoped FeSi follows the quasiharmonic behavior and is well reproduced by the DFT calculations

Review on Superconducting Materials

Short review of the topical comprehension of the superconductor materials classes Cuprate High-Temperature Superconductors, other oxide superconductors, Iron-based Superconductors, Heavy-Fermion Superconductors, Nitride Superconductors, Organic and other Carbon-based Superconductors and Boride and Borocarbide Superconductors, featuring their present theoretical understanding and their aspects with respect to technical applications.Comment: A previous version of this article has been published in \" Applied Superconductivity: Handbook on Devices and Applications \", Wiley-VCH ISBN: 978-3-527-41209-9. The new extended and updated version will be published in \" Encyclopedia of Applied Physics \", Wiley-VC

Search for squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS detector in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum using √s=8 TeV proton-proton collision data

A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing high-p T jets, missing transverse momentum and no electrons or muons is presented. The data were recorded in 2012 by the ATLAS experiment in s√=8 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, with a total integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−1. Results are interpreted in a variety of simplified and specific supersymmetry-breaking models assuming that R-parity is conserved and that the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle. An exclusion limit at the 95% confidence level on the mass of the gluino is set at 1330 GeV for a simplified model incorporating only a gluino and the lightest neutralino. For a simplified model involving the strong production of first- and second-generation squarks, squark masses below 850 GeV (440 GeV) are excluded for a massless lightest neutralino, assuming mass degenerate (single light-flavour) squarks. In mSUGRA/CMSSM models with tan β = 30, A 0 = −2m 0 and μ > 0, squarks and gluinos of equal mass are excluded for masses below 1700 GeV. Additional limits are set for non-universal Higgs mass models with gaugino mediation and for simplified models involving the pair production of gluinos, each decaying to a top squark and a top quark, with the top squark decaying to a charm quark and a neutralino. These limits extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous searches with the ATLAS detector

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Search for squarks and gluinos in events with isolated leptons, jets and missing transverse momentum at s√=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The results of a search for supersymmetry in final states containing at least one isolated lepton (electron or muon), jets and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. The search is based on proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy s√=8 TeV collected in 2012, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20 fb−1. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed. Limits are set on supersymmetric particle masses for various supersymmetric models. Depending on the model, the search excludes gluino masses up to 1.32 TeV and squark masses up to 840 GeV. Limits are also set on the parameters of a minimal universal extra dimension model, excluding a compactification radius of 1/R c = 950 GeV for a cut-off scale times radius (ΛR c) of approximately 30

Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of √s=13  TeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb−1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015–2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV

NUTRITIONAL AND THERAPEUTIC VALUES OF Musa paradisíaca - A REVIEW

ABSTRACT: The different parts of Musa paradisiaca (Family: Musaceae) are widely used for nutritional and therapeutic purposes.  Phytochemical analysis showed that Musa paradisiaca contained carbohydrates, reducing sugar, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, phytosterols, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids and many other secondary metabolites. The recent pharmacological reviews revealed that Musa paradisiaca possessed hypolipidemic, antidiabetic, hypotensive, antioxidant, antiulcerogenic, antidiarrhoeal, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, wound healing, anticancer, anti-angiogenic, hepato and nephroprotective, reproductive, antiallergic, antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiurolithiatic, galactagogue, and thrombolytic effects. The current review discussed the traditional uses, ingredients, pharmacological and toxicological effects of Musa paradisiaca. Keywords: banana; constituents; pharmacology.   Valores nutricionais e terapêuticos da Musa paradisíaca - Uma revisão  ABSTRACT: As diferentes partes de Musa paradisiaca (Família: Musaceae) são amplamente utilizadas para fins nutricionais e terapêuticos. A análise fitoquímica mostrou que Musa paradisiaca continha carboidratos, açúcares redutores, taninos, saponinas, alcalóides, glicosídeos, esteróides, fitoesteróis, fenóis, flavonóides, terpenóides e muitos outros metabólitos secundários. As recentes revisões farmacológicas revelaram que Musa paradisiaca possuía propriedades hipolipidêmicas, antidiabéticas, hipotensoras, antioxidantes, antiulcerogênicas, antidiarreicas, antimicrobianas, antiparasitárias, cicatrizantes, anticancerígenas, antiangiogênicas, hepato e nefroprotetoras, reprodutivas, antialérgicas, antiasmáticas, antiinflamatórias, analgésicas, efeitos antiurolitiáticos, galactagogos e trombolíticos. A presente revisão discutiu os usos tradicionais, ingredientes, efeitos farmacológicos e toxicológicos da Musa paradisiaca. Palavras-chave: banana; constituintes; farmacologia.ABSTRACT: The different parts of Musa paradisiaca (Family: Musaceae) are widely used for nutritional and therapeutic purposes.  Phytochemical analysis showed that Musa paradisiaca contained carbohydrates, reducing sugar, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, phytosterols, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids and many other secondary metabolites. The recent pharmacological reviews revealed that Musa paradisiaca possessed hypolipidemic, antidiabetic, hypotensive, antioxidant, antiulcerogenic, antidiarrhoeal, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, wound healing, anticancer, anti-angiogenic, hepato and nephroprotective, reproductive, antiallergic, antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiurolithiatic, galactagogue, and thrombolytic effects. The current review discussed the traditional uses, ingredients, pharmacological and toxicological effects of Musa paradisiaca. Keywords: banana; constituents; pharmacology.   Valores nutricionais e terapêuticos da Musa paradisíaca - Uma revisão  ABSTRACT: As diferentes partes de Musa paradisiaca (Família: Musaceae) são amplamente utilizadas para fins nutricionais e terapêuticos. A análise fitoquímica mostrou que Musa paradisiaca continha carboidratos, açúcares redutores, taninos, saponinas, alcalóides, glicosídeos, esteróides, fitoesteróis, fenóis, flavonóides, terpenóides e muitos outros metabólitos secundários. As recentes revisões farmacológicas revelaram que Musa paradisiaca possuía propriedades hipolipidêmicas, antidiabéticas, hipotensoras, antioxidantes, antiulcerogênicas, antidiarreicas, antimicrobianas, antiparasitárias, cicatrizantes, anticancerígenas, antiangiogênicas, hepato e nefroprotetoras, reprodutivas, antialérgicas, antiasmáticas, antiinflamatórias, analgésicas, efeitos antiurolitiáticos, galactagogos e trombolíticos. A presente revisão discutiu os usos tradicionais, ingredientes, efeitos farmacológicos e toxicológicos da Musa paradisiaca. Palavras-chave: banana; constituintes; farmacologia

Cotton, cowpea and sesame are alternative crops to cucurbits in soils naturally infested with Monosporascus cannonballus

[EN] Monosporascus cannonballus is an important cucurbit root pathogen, which has been reported in the main production areas of melon and watermelon in Brazil and worldwide and potentially capable to colonize roots of different species. Crop rotation is considered an effective management strategy to prevent this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of different crops, pumpkin, cotton, cowpea, sesame, watermelon, melon, corn, cucumber, sorghum and tomato, to the infection of this pathogen. Seedlings were transplanted into plastic containers with an inoculum concentration of 20 colony-forming units (CFU) g(-1) of M.cannonballus. Fifty days after transplanting, the variables analysed were the degree of disease severity on the root system and the frequency of reisolation. On cucurbits, the results demonstrated different degrees of susceptibility among crops and cultivars, being melon and watermelon the most sensitive species. In contrast, Cucurbita cultivars were the most tolerant. Regarding non-cucurbit crops, maize, sorghum and tomato presented root discoloration and M.cannonballus was reisolated from roots. Cotton, cowpea and sesame cultivars were not affected by the pathogen, so they can be considered as alternative crops to be cultivated, or in rotation with cucurbits, in M.cannonballus infested soils.We are thankful to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-CNPq for the research fellowships granted to Rui Sales Junior e Erika Valente de Medeiros.Sales, R.; Días Balbino, DA.; Mitsa Paiva Negreiros, A.; Da Silva Barboza, H.; Valente De Medeiros, E.; Armengol Fortí, J. (2018). Cotton, cowpea and sesame are alternative crops to cucurbits in soils naturally infested with Monosporascus cannonballus. Journal of Phytopathology. 166(6):396-402. https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.12698S396402166

Practice change in chronic conditions care: an appraisal of theories

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.Background Management of chronic conditions can be complex and burdensome for patients and complex and costly for health systems. Outcomes could be improved and costs reduced if proven clinical interventions were better implemented, but the complexity of chronic care services appears to make clinical change particularly challenging. Explicit use of theories may improve the success of clinical change in this area of care provision. Whilst theories to support implementation of practice change are apparent in the broad healthcare arena, the most applicable theories for the complexities of practice change in chronic care have not yet been identified. Methods We developed criteria to review the usefulness of change implementation theories for informing chronic care management and applied them to an existing list of theories used more widely in healthcare. Results Criteria related to the following characteristics of chronic care: breadth of the field; multi-disciplinarity; micro, meso and macro program levels; need for field-specific research on implementation requirements; and need for measurement. Six theories met the criteria to the greatest extent: the Consolidate Framework for Implementation Research; Normalization Process Theory and its extension General Theory of Implementation; two versions of the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework and Sticky Knowledge. None fully met all criteria. Involvement of several care provision organizations and groups, involvement of patients and carers, and policy level change are not well covered by most theories. However, adaptation may be possible to include multiple groups including patients and carers, and separate theories may be needed on policy change. Ways of qualitatively assessing theory constructs are available but quantitative measures are currently partial and under development for all theories. Conclusions Theoretical bases are available to structure clinical change research in chronic condition care. Theories will however need to be adapted and supplemented to account for the particular features of care in this field, particularly in relation to involvement of multiple organizations and groups, including patients, and in relation to policy influence. Quantitative measurement of theory constructs may present difficulties

Community assessment to advance computational prediction of cancer drug combinations in a pharmacogenomic screen

The effectiveness of most cancer targeted therapies is short-lived. Tumors often develop resistance that might be overcome with drug combinations. However, the number of possible combinations is vast, necessitating data-driven approaches to find optimal patient-specific treatments. Here we report AstraZeneca's large drug combination dataset, consisting of 11,576 experiments from 910 combinations across 85 molecularly characterized cancer cell lines, and results of a DREAM Challenge to evaluate computational strategies for predicting synergistic drug pairs and biomarkers. 160 teams participated to provide a comprehensive methodological development and benchmarking. Winning methods incorporate prior knowledge of drug-target interactions. Synergy is predicted with an accuracy matching biological replicates for >60% of combinations. However, 20% of drug combinations are poorly predicted by all methods. Genomic rationale for synergy predictions are identified, including ADAM17 inhibitor antagonism when combined with PIK3CB/D inhibition contrasting to synergy when combined with other PI3K-pathway inhibitors in PIK3CA mutant cells