The Effects of Social Ties on Coordination: Conceptual Foundations for an Empirical Analysis

International audienceThis paper investigates the influence that social ties can have on behavior. After defining the concept of social ties that we consider, we introduce an original model of social ties. The impact of such ties on social preferences is studied in a coordination game with outside option. We provide a detailed game theoretical analysis of this game while considering various types of players, i.e., self-interest maximizing, inequity averse, and fair agents. In addition to these approaches that require strategic reasoning in order to reach some equilibrium, we also present an alternative hypothesis that relies on the concept of team reasoning. After having discussed the differences between the latter and our model of social ties, we show how an experiment can be designed so as to discriminate among the models presented in the paper

College Women’s Feminist Identity: A Multidimensional Analysis with Implications for Coping with Sexism

This study examined components of women’s feminist identity and possible relations to their reported coping responses to sexism. A sample of 169 undergraduate women (M = 19.4 y, SD = 1.2) from diverse ethnic backgrounds completed surveys assessing their experiences and gender-related views. The first set of analyses revealed that women’s social gender identity, exposure to feminism, and gender-egalitarian attitudes independently contributed to feminist identification; moreover, non-stereotyping of feminists further predicted feminist self-identification. A second set of analyses tested the relative contribution of feminist identity components to women’s cognitive appraisals of coping responses to sexual harassment. Seeking social support was predicted by self-identification as a feminist (for White European American women only). Confronting was predicted by social gender identity, non-stereotyping of feminists, and public identification as a feminist. Findings highlight possible components of women’s feminist identity and their possible impact on coping responses to sexism

Achilles Tendon Ruptures in Basketball

Basketball is a springing, jumping, and sprinting sport with players repetitively jumping to play shots and to make and receive passes or work sudden sprints together with the start–stop nature of the game. In the United States, sporting activity was responsible for 68% tendon ruptures, of which basketball was the most commonly involved sport, accounting for 48% of sports-related ruptures. There has been considerable debate as to whether operative or nonoperative treatment leads to the best outcome. Operative treatment may reduce the resultant calf muscle weakness, tendon elongation, predictability of outcome, and re-rupture rate compared with nonoperative treatment. Patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery are significantly more likely to report a satisfactory subjective outcome compared with open surgery. The overall rate of return to play (RTP) in all sports following Achilles tendon rupture has been estimated to 80%. However, for players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) who sustained an Achilles tendon rupture, more than a third (36.8%) either did not return to play or started in fewer than 10 games for the remainder of their career. Twenty-one percent of ruptures led to retirement. The mean time to return to play was 10.5 months, and the rate of return to play was lower in the NBA, 61–71%, compared with that of the National Football League players, 64–71%. Achilles tendon rupture in elite basketball players continues to be a serious, potentially career ending, injury

Emerg Infect Dis

We report 3 cases of spotted fever group rickettsial infection (presumed Queensland tick typhus) in residents of northern Queensland, Australia, who had unusually severe clinical manifestations. Complications included renal failure, purpura fulminans, and severe pneumonia. Clinical illness caused by Rickettsia australis may not be as benign as previously described