Religiosidad en el cine español en la década de los cincuenta

El cine español durante la década de los cincuenta consolida una de sus características más señaladas: el realismo. Reflejo de lo que acontece en la sociedad española, la presencia de la religiosidad en las producciones de esta década aporta un material excepcional para el estudio de asuntos como el concepto de carisma religioso y su traslación al ámbito político.Berrogeita hamarreko hamarraldian Espainiako zineak bere ezaugarri berezienetako bat sendotu zuen: errealismoa. Espainiar gizartean gertatzen zen guztiaren adierazgarri, hamarkada hartako produkzioetan erlijiozkotasunaren presentziak material aparta dakar kontu batzuk aztertzeari begira, hala nola erlijiozko karisma kontzeptua eta horren translazioa politikaren alorrera.Le cinéma espagnol au cours des années cinquante a consolidé l'une de ses caractéristiques les plus remarquables: le réalisme. Reflet de ce qui se passe dans la société espagnole, la présence de la religiosité dans les productions de cette décennie apporte un matériel exceptionnel pour l'étude de sujets tel que le concept de charisme religieux et son déplacement au domaine politique.Spanish cinema in the 1950s consolidates one of its most noteworthy characteristics: its realism. A reflection of what happens in Spanish society, the presence of religiousness in the productions of this decade contributes some exceptional material for the study of such matters as the concept of religious charisma and its translation to politics

E. coli "super-contaminates" narrow ducts fostered by broad run-time distribution

One striking feature of bacterial motion is their ability to swim upstream along corners and crevices, by leveraging hydrodynamic interactions. This motion through anatomic ducts or medical devices might be at the origin of serious infections. However, it remains unclear how bacteria can maintain persistent upstream motion while exhibiting run-and-tumble dynamics. Here we demonstrate that E. coli can travel upstream in microfluidic devices over distances of 15 millimeters in times as short as 15 minutes. Using a stochastic model relating the run times to the time bacteria spend on surfaces, we quantitatively reproduce the evolution of the contamination profiles when considering a broad distribution of run times. Interestingly, the experimental data cannot be reproduced using the usually accepted exponential distribution of run times. Our study demonstrates that the run-and-tumble statistics determine macroscopic bacterial transport properties. This effect, that we name "super-contamination", could explain the fast onset of some life-threatening medical emergencies.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure

Acidentes com produtos químicos

Apresenta uma visão ampla de atuação e das consequências de um desastre. São estudados os Acidentes com Produtos Químicos (APQ). E apresentados os principais aspectos teórico-conceitos acerca do tema e as principais ações de prevenção, preparação e resposta adotadas no Brasil e no mundo para o enfrentamento da situação. Unidade 1 do módulo 2 do Curso de Capacitação à Distância em Saúde, Desastres e Desenvolvimento do Programa de Formação de Recursos Humanos em Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental.1. ed.Fundo Nacional de Saúd

Acciones implementadas por Organización No Gubernamental para prevenir violencia de género en adolescentes. Comunidad San Pedro, Rivas-II semestre 2016

La violencia de género es la ejercida contra cualquier persona sobre la base de su sexo o género, que impacta de manera negativa en su identidad, bienestar social, físico y psicológico. Es el fenómeno social que más vidas de mujeres cobra por año en todas partes del mundo. En el presente estudio investigativo se analizaron las acciones implementadas por Organización No Gubernamental para la prevención de la violencia de género en las adolescentes de la comunidad de San Pedro, Rivas- II semestre 2016. Es importante porque permite conocer que estrategias previenen esta problemática; y así poder aplicarlas en otros lugares del país ayudando a disminuir la incidencia de ésta. Se identificaron las características sociodemográficas de las adolescentes en estudio, se analizaron las acciones que modifican los factores del entorno, familiares y personales para la prevención de la violencia de género, que ha realizado la ONG y se describieron los principales mitos modificados a través de la implementación de acciones. Este estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, retroprospectivo y de corte transversal. Se realizó en la comunidad rural San Pedro ubicada en la Isla de Ometepe a 33Km de la cabecera municipal. Se entrevistó a 50 adolescentes de la comunidad las cuales cumplieron con los criterios establecidos. Como instrumento se utilizó una guía de encuesta. El estudio demuestra que realizando intervenciones a distintos niveles personales, familiares y comunitarios, se puede prevenir la violencia, disminuirla y crear relaciones más igualitarias, que las mujeres conozcan y defiendan sus derechos, identifiquen y rechacen la violencia y los mitos, siendo mujeres con sueños, deseos y con otras oportunidades distintas a los mandatos asignados y cambio en la vida de las mujeres

A dominant swipe : does ambivalent sexism impact young adults' engagement with dating applications? : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Clinical Psychology, Massey University Albany, New Zealand

Young adulthood can be a significant period of people’s lives, as focus begins to shift from adolescent development towards personal and relationship goals (Arnett, 2000). There has been much psychological research into the challenges and benefits of relationships. As relationship beliefs and technology have simultaneously developed over time, a growing need for research into relationship formation processes in a new technological era has arisen. However, the research base on mobile dating applications and the possible psychological underpinnings driving their use is still very much a work in progress. There are likely many reasons that an individual may come to use dating applications. One factor that may play a role in this is a set of complementary beliefs suggested to impact young adults’ intimate relationships; ambivalent sexism. There has been some limited research on sexism and dating applications; the primary aim of the current study was to investigate potential links between ambivalent sexism and dating application use. There is a common perception that dating applications are used merely for ‘hook-ups’ or casual sex. However, it appears that this is not always the case; consequently, interpersonal dynamics impacting relationship formation are likely to be involved. As such, a secondary aim of this thesis was to investigate whether motivations for dating application use played a moderating role in the relationship between ambivalent forms of sexism and young adults’ dating application use. The current study employed a pre-registered cross-sectional quantitative design with 998 individuals aged between 18 and 35 years. Individuals were asked whether they had ever used a dating application, as well as completing shortened versions of validated measures of ambivalent sexism and dating application motives. Multiple statistical analyses were employed to explore the relationships between individuals’ dating application use, and their endorsement of hostile and benevolent sexism. This study additionally tested for possible moderating relationships including dating application motives. Overall, there was no support for eleven of the twelve pre-registered hypotheses analysed within the current study. Moreover, there was extremely limited support for the assertion that hostile or benevolent sexism were related to dating application use. Some interesting minor findings did emerge. The effect of individuals’ hostile sexism endorsement on the odds of dating application use became more positive and significant as their endorsement of sexual experience motives increased. Moreover, exploratory analyses revealed that heterosexual women who endorsed benevolent sexism more strongly were more likely to use dating applications as endorsement of relationship seeking motives increased. The results of the current study thus suggest that under certain specific circumstances, ambivalent sexism may be relevant to some young adults’ dating application use. However, there does not appear to be any evidence that ambivalent sexism more broadly plays a significant role in shaping young adults’ dating application use

Darolutamide in nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer

Funding Information: Supported by Bayer HealthCare and Orion Pharma. Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org. A data sharing statement provided by the authors is available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org. We thank the patients and their families, all the investigators involved in this trial, and Lucy Smithers, Ph.D., and Annabel Ola, M.Sc., both of Scion, London, for medical writing and editing support (supported by Bayer). Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Massachusetts Medical Society.BACKGROUND Darolutamide is a structurally unique androgen-receptor antagonist that is under development for the treatment of prostate cancer. We evaluated the efficacy of darolutamide for delaying metastasis and death in men with nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. METHODS We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial involving men with nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer and a prostate-specific antigen doubling time of 10 months or less. Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive darolutamide (600 mg [two 300-mg tablets] twice daily) or placebo while continuing androgen-deprivation therapy. The primary end point was metastasis-free survival, with the presence of metastasis determined by independent central review of radiographic imaging every 16 weeks. RESULTS In total, 1509 patients underwent randomization (955 to the darolutamide group and 554 to the placebo group). In the planned primary analysis, which was performed after 437 primary end-point events had occurred, the median metastasis-free survival was 40.4 months with darolutamide, as compared with 18.4 months with placebo (hazard ratio for metastasis or death in the darolutamide group, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.34 to 0.50; P<0.001). Darolutamide was also associated with benefits with regard to all secondary end points, including overall survival, time to pain progression, time to cytotoxic chemotherapy, and time to a symptomatic skeletal event. The incidence of adverse events that occurred or worsened during the treatment period and had a frequency of 5% or more or were of grade 3 or higher was similar in the two groups; all such events except fatigue occurred in less than 10% of patients in either group. The percentage of patients who discontinued the assigned regimen because of adverse events was 8.9% in the darolutamide group and 8.7% in the placebo group. Darolutamide was not associated with a higher incidence of seizures, falls, fractures, cognitive disorder, or hypertension than placebo. CONCLUSIONS Among men with nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer, metastasis-free survival was significantly longer with darolutamide than with placebo. The incidence of adverse events was similar for darolutamide and placebo.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Study of Peptide Amphiphiles as Antimicrobial Agents

The global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis presents a severe public health threat, with drug-resistant infections now the third leading cause of mortality worldwide. This escalating problem, driven by the rapid proliferation of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) like the ESKAPE pathogens, severely limits treatment options and imposes substantial economic burdens. The crisis is further exacerbated by a limited pipeline of new antimicrobial agents, as most recently approved drugs are modifications of existing classes rather than novel compounds. Peptide amphiphiles (PAs) offer a promising alternative due to their membrane-targeting mechanism, which reduces the likelihood of resistance development. These molecules are amphiphilic and positively charged, allowing them to interact with and disrupt microbial cell membranes. This non-specific, physical disruption makes it significantly harder for bacteria to evolve resistance compared to conventional antibiotics. Beyond direct killing, PAs can also disrupt bacterial biofilms. Chapter 2 detailed a comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of 33 PAs, elucidating the physicochemical properties governing their antimicrobial efficacy and specificity. PCA revealed that zeta potential was critical for Gram-positive MRSA JE2, while hydrophobicity (LogP) was more important for Gram-negative E. coli K12 and P. aeruginosa; for A. baumannii, both factors were equally crucial. PAs forming fibrous nanostructures exhibited lower activity compared to spherical micelles, due to strong intermolecular cohesion. Mechanistic studies confirmed PA-induced membrane permeability and depolarization, leading to visible structural damage. In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo studies in Galleria mellonella showed promising profiles for selected PAs. Chapter 3 explored the additive effect of PA 25 in combination with naphthylthiazole 1-81 against MRSA JE2. The 16:1 ratio (PA 25:1-81) showed an additive effect, suggesting PA-mediated membrane disruption facilitated 1-81\u27s entry. The combination demonstrated significant anti-biofilm activity, inhibiting formation and disrupting mature biofilms. Gene expression analysis indicated modulation of key virulence and biofilm-related genes (e.g., agrA, saeR, fib). A 21-day multi-passage resistance study showed low resistance induction. The combination significantly reduced in vitro hemolytic activity of PA 25. In vivo studies confirmed robust antimicrobial protection, comparable to or surpassing vancomycin. In conclusion, this thesis successfully demonstrated PAs as effective antimicrobial agents, individually and in combination, against resistant bacterial strains. The detailed SAR provided critical insights for rational design. The consistent membrane-disrupting mode of action reduces resistance development, a significant advantage in the AMR crisis. The synergistic potential of PAs with small molecules enhanced efficacy and improved the therapeutic index by reducing toxicity. Anti-biofilm activity and low resistance induction are particularly encouraging. Future work includes molecular dynamics simulations, target identification for small molecules, broader gene expression analysis, and optimizing design principles for species-specificity, aiming to accelerate clinical translation. In Chapter 4, the conclusion and future directions are described

Robotic Haptic Exploration of Shape and Symmetry

This thesis presents research on the use of symmetric models during haptic exploration procedures that have the objective of determining an object’s shape. These haptic exploration techniques, and their subsequent determination of a surface’s geometric properties, are crucial to allow robots to interact with a greater variety of objects, especially as the field of robotics transitions into unstructured environments. Symmetry is an extremely frequent shape property, especially in man-made objects, and it provides shape information that becomes useful in grasping and manipulation tasks, as well as enriching shape information for the aforementioned haptic exploration tasks. In this work, we present an improvement to Gaussian Process-driven exploration tasks. This method allows to describe symmetry to obtain a more precise shape estimation during active exploration, and can even be discovered in real time during the exploration procedure itself. This work involved the creation of a custom software resource to perform Gaussian Process regression with the addition of symmetries, and include a novel method of representing rotational symmetries. These novel models were then used in shape exploration procedures of 2D and 3D surfaces, both in a simulated environment and in an actual robotic task, using a series of custom-made contact sensors. These procedures are able to discover symmetry of each particular object in real time. This property can also be exploited, resulting in shape estimations that have a lower surface error and uncertainty. Additionally, exploration experiments that use these symmetry-finding procedures also require a lower total number of physical contacts and take less time to finish