Prediction of genotypic values of maize for the agricultural frontier region in northeastern Maranhao, Brazil

Mora, F (Mora, Freddy). Univ Talca, Inst Biol Vegetal & Biotecnol, Talca, ChileAgricultural research, mainly focused on the evaluation of maize cultivars along agricultural frontiers, are scarce. This study assessed 128 maize genotypes in the agricultural frontier region of the State of Maranhao, between 2008 and 2009. The experiment was arranged in a lattice design with two replications. The genotypes were evaluated for grain yield in a mixed model, with fixed intercept and experimental effects. The random effects were genotype, genetic class (single-, double or triple-cross hybrid and variety), and incomplete block/replication/environment. The genotype effect was significant by the likelihood ratio test in all models, highlighting the genotypic values of the single-cross hybrids DKB177, AG8088 and DKB390, the triple-cross PL6882, the double-cross BM502 and of the open-pollinated variety SHS3031

Prediction of genotypic values of maize for the agricultural frontier region in northeastern Maranhão, Brazil.

Agricultural research, mainly focused on the evaluation of maize cultivars along agricultural frontiers, are scarce. This study assessed 128 maize genotypes in the agricultural frontier region of the State of Maranhão, between 2008 and 2009. The experiment was arranged in a lattice design with two replications. The genotypes were evaluated for grain yield in a mixed model, with fixed intercept and experimental effects. The random effects were genotype, genetic class (single-, double or triple-cross hybrid and variety), and incomplete block/replication/ environment. The genotype effect was significant by the likelihood ratio test in all models, highlighting the genotypic values of the single-cross hybrids DKB177, AG8088 and DKB390, the triple-cross PL6882, the double-cross BM502 and of the open-pollinated variety SHS3031

Produtividade de híbridos de milho na região de fronteira agrícola no nordeste do Maranhão.

O Maranhão é um estado onde a agricultura tecnificada está em rápida expansão e que possui excelente potencial para desenvolvimento do agronegócio e para a exportação de produtos agrícolas. No entanto, ainda é escassa a realização de pesquisas na região, incluindo pesquisas com a cultura do milho. Esse fato levou à realização deste trabalho, visando avaliar a produtividade de híbridos modernos de milho. Assim, 42 híbridos foram avaliados no ano de 2008 em dois locais (Anapurus e Brejo), em região de fronteira agrícola no nordeste do Estado do Maranhão. O rendimento médio foi de 5.593 kg ha-1 na análise conjunta, 5.097 kg ha-1 em Anapurus e 6.089 kg ha -1 em Brejo, demonstrando excelente potencial regional para o cultivo do milho. Foram significativas as diferenças entre híbridos e entre locais, sendo possível encontrar híbridos com rendimento acima de 8.000 kg ha-1, quando maximizadas as variáveis ambiente e cultivar. No entanto, não ocorreu interação significativa entre híbridos e locais. Na média, os híbridos simples são superiores aos triplos e duplos e os híbridos triplos, superiores aos duplos, apesar de a diferença nem sempre ser estatisticamente significativ

Prediction of genotypic values of maize for the agricultural frontier region in northeastern Maranhão, Brazil.

Agricultural research, mainly focused on the evaluation of maize cultivars along agricultural frontiers, are scarce. This study assessed 128 maize genotypes in the agricultural frontier region of the State of Maranhão, between 2008 and 2009. The experiment was arranged in a lattice design with two replications. The genotypes were evaluated for grain yield in a mixed model, with fixed intercept and experimental effects. The random effects were genotype, genetic class (single-, double or triple-cross hybrid and variety), and incomplete block/replication/ environment. The genotype effect was significant by the likelihood ratio test in all models, highlighting the genotypic values of the single-cross hybrids DKB177, AG8088 and DKB390, the triple-cross PL6882, the double-cross BM502 and of the open-pollinated variety SHS3031Nota técnica

Measuring Information Transfer

An information theoretic measure is derived that quantifies the statistical coherence between systems evolving in time. The standard time delayed mutual information fails to distinguish information that is actually exchanged from shared information due to common history and input signals. In our new approach, these influences are excluded by appropriate conditioning of transition probabilities. The resulting transfer entropy is able to distinguish driving and responding elements and to detect asymmetry in the coupling of subsystems.Comment: 4 pages, 4 Figures, Revte

Asymptotically stable phase synchronization revealed by autoregressive circle maps

A new type of nonlinear time series analysis is introduced, based on phases, which are defined as polar angles in spaces spanned by a finite number of delayed coordinates. A canonical choice of the polar axis and a related implicit estimation scheme for the potentially underlying auto-regressive circle map (next phase map) guarantee the invertibility of reconstructed phase space trajectories to the original coordinates. The resulting Fourier approximated, Invertibility enforcing Phase Space map (FIPS map) is well suited to detect conditional asymptotic stability of coupled phases. This rather general synchronization criterion unites two existing generalisations of the old concept and can successfully be applied e.g. to phases obtained from ECG and airflow recordings characterizing cardio-respiratory interaction.Comment: PDF file, 232 KB, 24 pages, 3 figures; cheduled for Phys. Rev. E (Nov) 200

Desempenho de variedades de milho: ano agrícola 2008/09.

bitstream/item/26808/1/CT-182.pd

HERMES: Towards an Integrated Toolbox to Characterize Functional and Effective Brain Connectivity

The analysis of the interdependence between time series has become an important field of research in the last years, mainly as a result of advances in the characterization of dynamical systems from the signals they produce, the introduction of concepts such as generalized and phase synchronization and the application of information theory to time series analysis. In neurophysiology, different analytical tools stemming from these concepts have added to the ‘traditional’ set of linear methods, which includes the cross-correlation and the coherency function in the time and frequency domain, respectively, or more elaborated tools such as Granger Causality. This increase in the number of approaches to tackle the existence of functional (FC) or effective connectivity (EC) between two (or among many) neural networks, along with the mathematical complexity of the corresponding time series analysis tools, makes it desirable to arrange them into a unified-easy-to-use software package. The goal is to allow neuroscientists, neurophysiologists and researchers from related fields to easily access and make use of these analysis methods from a single integrated toolbox. Here we present HERMES (http://hermes.ctb.upm.es), a toolbox for the Matlab® environment (The Mathworks, Inc), which is designed to study functional and effective brain connectivity from neurophysiological data such as multivariate EEG and/or MEG records. It includes also visualization tools and statistical methods to address the problem of multiple comparisons. We believe that this toolbox will be very helpful to all the researchers working in the emerging field of brain connectivity analysis

Degradação ruminal e cinética de fermentação do capim Mulato II (Convert HD364) sob diferentes fontes de adubação nitrogenada

It is important to evaluate nutritional value of new grass species, which can be better characterized through rumen fermentation and degradation techniques. The aim was to evaluate the effects of Nitrogen (N) fertilization on the kinetics of fermentation and ruminal degradation of the Mulato II grass. Two distinct sources of N (common and protected urea) were used during two periods of the year (summer - I and autumn - II). A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a 2x4 factorial arrangement with three replicates. Fraction A changed based on N dosage. The passage rate (K) and effective degradability (ED) were influenced by sources and doses of N, while Fraction B and Lag Time were not influenced during period I. Fractions A and B and EDs were all influenced by N sources and doses during period II. Lag time and potential degradability were influenced by N sources only. Among the kinetics parameters of dry matter ruminal fermentation obtained during period I, only K1 was influenced by the interaction between N doses x sources, while the remaining parameters were only influenced by the N doses applied. As for period II, with the exception of K2, all remaining parameters were influenced by the interaction of N doses and sources. Protected urea improved fermentation parameters during period I. The dose equivalent to applying 150kg/ha positively influenced ruminal fermentation parameters of the Mulato II grass mainly in the summer. The use of protected urea as a Nitrogen source improved fermentation parameters in the summer. Keywords: Brachiaria; digestibility; digestion kinetics; rumen fermentation; gas productionÉ importante avaliar o valor nutricional de novas espécies forrageiras, parâmetro que pode ser melhor caracterizado por meio de técnicas de fermentação e degradação ruminal. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adubação nitrogenada (N) sobre a cinética de fermentação e degradação ruminal do capim Mulato II. Duas fontes de N (ureia comum e protegida) foram utilizadas em dois períodos do ano (verão - I e outono - II). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x4 com três repetições. A fração A mudou com base na dosagem de N. A taxa de passagem (K) e a degradabilidade efetiva (DE) foram influenciadas pelas fontes e doses de N, enquanto a Fração B e Lag Time não foram influenciadas durante o período I. As frações A e B e DE foram influenciadas pelas fontes e doses de N durante o período II. Lag time e a degradabilidade potencial foram influenciadas apenas pelas fontes de N. Dentre os parâmetros cinéticos da fermentação ruminal da matéria seca obtidos no período I, apenas K1 foi influenciado pela interação entre doses de N x fontes, enquanto os demais parâmetros foram influenciados apenas pelas doses de N aplicadas. Já para o período II, com exceção do K2, todos os demais parâmetros foram influenciados pela interação das doses e fontes de N. A ureia protegida trouxe melhorias para os parâmetros fermentativos no período I. A dose equivalente à aplicação de 150kg/ha influenciou positivamente os parâmetros fermentativos ruminais do capim Mulato II, principalmente no verão. O uso de ureia protegida como fonte de nitrogênio melhorou os parâmetros de fermentação no verão.Palavras-chave: Braquiária; cinética da digestão; digestibilidade; fermentação ruminal; produção de gá