ERAWATCH country reports 2011: Iceland

The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. The 2011 country reports assess the evolution on the national R&D investments targets, the efficiency and effectiveness of national policies and investments into R&D, the articulation between education, research and innovation, with an increased focus on the last two in terms of their wider governance and policy mix. The reports for EU MS and AS integrates in the assessment the evolution of the national policy mixes in the perspective of the Europe 2020 Strategy goals and on the realisation and better governance of ERA.JRC.J.2-Knowledge for Growt

ERAWATCH Country Reports 2011: Iceland

This analytical country report is one of a series of annual ERAWATCH reports produced for EU Member States and Countries Associated to the Seventh Framework Programme for Research of the European Union (FP7). ERAWATCH is a joint initiative of the European Commission's Directorate General for Research and Innovation and Joint Research Centre. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from ERAWATCH Network Asbl. The report has been produced by the ERAWATCH Network under contract to JRC-IPTS. The first draft of this report was produced in November 2011 and is focused on developments taking place in the previous twelve months.publishedVersio

The knowledge triangle in the healthcare sector — The case of three medical faculties in Norway

The paper investigates the social role of education and the relevance of university programs to the real needs of society, which has gained especial political importance in recent years. Attention to this topic, in turn, has fueled interest in the concept of the «knowledge triangle», which implies a synergistic effect from the interplay of education, research, and innovation. Existing studies on the interaction of higher education institutions (HEIs) with society and policy in this field are primarily focused on the links between science and innovation and on the contributions of HEIs to economic development and growth. Many researchers focus on the interaction between universities and the industrial sector but ignore HEIs’ involvement in creating innovations in the public services sector. This is rather peculiar, considering that innovation in the public sector has received increased policy attention over the recent period, and is seen as essential for improving the efficiency and quality of public services and for addressing some of the major societal challenges, linked, for example, to an ageing population and maintaining the welfare state. This paper looks at the healthcare sector, where HEIs interact with private industry as well as public healthcare services. It builds upon a study from Norway carried out in 2015 in the framework of an OECD project, which mapped and analyzed knowledge triangle policies and practices at the national and institutional level. This study showed that interplay between education, research, and innovation is a key concern in the national policy for the development of the health sector, and that knowledge triangle interactions with both the private and public sector is a central aspect of the current practices at the medical departments at Norwegian HEIs. The linkages between the medical faculties and public healthcare services are especially interesting, as they provide patterns of interaction beyond those identified in the existing literature and because education plays a central role.publishedVersio

En nasjonal oversikt over fosterovervåkningsrutiner i Norge. En kvantitativ studie

Master i jordmorfagHensikt: Å kartlegge fosterovervåkningsrutinene ved alle fødeenheter i Norge. En oversikt over rutinene ville kunne gi grunnlag for å vurdere om rutinene er i tråd med retningslinjer, veiledere og nyere forskning. Problemstilling: Hva er fosterovervåkningsrutinene i fødsel på de ulike fødeenhetene i Norge? Metode: En kvantitativ studie med spørreskjema vedrørende fosterovervåkningsrutiner i fødsel. Spørreskjemaet ble sendt til alle 48 fødeenheter i Norge i juni 2017. Resultat: Alle fødeenhetene responderte. Flere fødeenheter brukte CTG-overvåkning på kvinner med lav risiko. Tre fødeavdelinger fulgte ikke helsedirektoratets kvalitetskrav da de brukte CTG uten tilgang på skalpblodprøver eller STAN. Konklusjon: De fleste fødeenheter hadde fosterovervåkningsrutiner som var i tråd med retningslinjer, veiledere og nyere forskning, med det er påvist avvik. En studie som kartlegger om rutinene etterleves og hvordan fosteret faktisk blir overvåket hadde vært av interesse.Aim: Investigate the routines for intrapartum fetal monitoring in Norwegian delivery units. An overview would provide basis for assessing whether routines are in line with guidelines and research evidence. Issue: What are the routines for intrapartum fetal monitoring in Norwegian delivery units? Method: Quantitative study with questionnaire concerning fetal monitoring routines. The questionnaire was sent to all 48 delivery units in Norway in June 2017. Results: All units responded. Some units used CTG on women with low risk. Three units used CTG without access to scalp blood samples or STAN. Conclusion: Most delivery units had fetal monitoring routines in line with guidelines and research evidence, with some notable exceptions. If routines are followed could be the aim of further studies.publishedVersio

Barnehagelæreres markører for bekymring for barn med språklydsvansker

Masteroppgave i logopedi - Nord universitet 202

Subcellular localization of MC4R with ADCY3 at neuronal primary cilia underlies a common pathway for genetic predisposition to obesity.

Most monogenic cases of obesity in humans have been linked to mutations in genes encoding members of the leptin-melanocortin pathway. Specifically, mutations in MC4R, the melanocortin-4 receptor gene, account for 3-5% of all severe obesity cases in humans1-3. Recently, ADCY3 (adenylyl cyclase 3) gene mutations have been implicated in obesity4,5. ADCY3 localizes to the primary cilia of neurons 6 , organelles that function as hubs for select signaling pathways. Mutations that disrupt the functions of primary cilia cause ciliopathies, rare recessive pleiotropic diseases in which obesity is a cardinal manifestation 7 . We demonstrate that MC4R colocalizes with ADCY3 at the primary cilia of a subset of hypothalamic neurons, that obesity-associated MC4R mutations impair ciliary localization and that inhibition of adenylyl cyclase signaling at the primary cilia of these neurons increases body weight. These data suggest that impaired signaling from the primary cilia of MC4R neurons is a common pathway underlying genetic causes of obesity in humans