Essential metals at the host-pathogen interface : nutritional immunity and micronutrient assimilation by human fungal pathogens

AC and DW are supported by a Sir Henry Dale Fellowship jointly funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Royal Society (Grant Number 102549/Z/13/Z).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Distributed Collision-Free Motion Coordination on a Sphere: A Conic Control Barrier Function Approach

This letter studies a distributed collision avoidance control problem for a group of rigid bodies on a sphere. A rigid body network, consisting of multiple rigid bodies constrained to a spherical surface and an interconnection topology, is first formulated. In this formulation, it is shown that motion coordination on a sphere is equivalent to attitude coordination on the 3-dimensional Special Orthogonal group. Then, an angle-based control barrier function that can handle a geodesic distance constraint on a spherical surface is presented. The proposed control barrier function is then extended to a relative motion case and applied to a collision avoidance problem for a rigid body network operating on a sphere. Each rigid body chooses its control input by solving a distributed optimization problem to achieve a nominal distributed motion coordination strategy while satisfying constraints for collision avoidance. The proposed collision-free motion coordination law is validated via simulation

INCIDENTAL AND JOINT CONSUMPTION IN RECREATION DEMAND

A theory for analyzing incidental consumption in a single site recreation demand model is presented. We show that incidental consumption on a recreation trip, such as a visit to see friends or a visit to a second recreation site, can be treated as a complementary good and analyzed using conventional theory. We also show that the analysis applies whether the side trips are incidental or joint. In a simple application we find that failing to account for incidental consumption appears to create little bias in valuing recreation sites.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Thermodynamic Studies of [H_(2)Rh(diphosphine)_2]^+ and [HRh(diphosphine)_(2)(CH_(3)CN)]^(2+) Complexes in Acetonitrile

Thermodynamic studies of a series of [H_(2)Rh(PP)_2]^+ and [HRh(PP)_(2)(CH_(3)CN)]^(2+) complexes have been carried out in acetonitrile. Seven different diphosphine (PP) ligands were selected to allow variation of the electronic properties of the ligand substituents, the cone angles, and the natural bite angles (NBAs). Oxidative addition of H_2 to [Rh(PP)_2]^+ complexes is favored by diphosphine ligands with large NBAs, small cone angles, and electron donating substituents, with the NBA being the dominant factor. Large pK_a values for [HRh(PP)_(2)(CH_(3)CN)]^(2+) complexes are favored by small ligand cone angles, small NBAs, and electron donating substituents with the cone angles playing a major role. The hydride donor abilities of [H_(2)Rh(PP)_2]^+ complexes increase as the NBAs decrease, the cone angles decrease, and the electron donor abilities of the substituents increase. These results indicate that if solvent coordination is involved in hydride transfer or proton transfer reactions, the observed trends can be understood in terms of a combination of two different steric effects, NBAs and cone angles, and electron-donor effects of the ligand substituents

Spring Demonstration Device

ME450 Capstone Design and Manufacturing Experience: Winter 2015At the University of Michigan, Mechanical Engineering students must complete an introductory design and manufacturing course, Mechanical Engineering 250. This course teaches fundamental principles such as gear trains, bearings, bolts, and springs. The instructor of this course, Michael Umbriac, approached our team in hopes of creating a spring demonstration device. This device should use compression springs of differing wire diameter, outside diameter, and free length to simultaneously launch 3 identical balls vertically into the air.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111329/1/11_Report.pd

Rivers of the Anthropocene Phase 1: A Comparative Study of the Tyne and Ohio River Valleys

poster abstractThe Rivers of the Anthropocene project is an international effort. Our part is an attempt to determine flood frequency and land use by American Indian tribes of the Mississippian Culture along the Ohio River. Methodologically, we will measure the physical and geochemical properties of lacustrine sediments recovered from Hovey Lake, a flood plane lake located on the Ohio River in southwestern Indiana. Sediment cores taken from Hovey Lake are being measured for bulk density and loss-on-ignition tests to determine organic composition by weight. Magnetic susceptibility is also being measured to determine variations in the delivery of terrestrial material (e.g. from flooding/land erosion) to the lake. Land use will be evaluated by measuring variations in the elemental abundance and isotopic composition of nitrogen and organic carbon, which has been used in the past to identify prehistoric land use. Here we present the initial results of our ongoing work, including sedimentological and chronological data. Ultimately, these data will help bring together historical records, geochemical records, and other contributions from scientists around the world in our attempt to better understand mankind’s impact on our environment

Building Climate Change Resilience in Columbus through University and Community Engagement

During the past four years, the Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center (BPCRC) has contributed to the development of a climate risk and vulnerability report that subsequently resulted in an effort to create a Climate Change Action Plan for the city of Columbus. This process involved conversations and focus groups with stakeholders and technical experts, from both on- and off-campus, to synthesize a document usable by city leaders and local decision makers. Stakeholders have included individuals from city government, public utilities, businesses, nonprofits, and the faith community. During the project, the State Climate Office of Ohio helped identify experts, and The STEAM Factory provided a convenient meeting venue. This project has established BPCRC as a local and regional facilitator of conversations around scientifically vetting climate information and moved Columbus toward becoming a more climate resilient community. This presentation will include an overview of the draft Columbus Climate Change Action Plan and process by which it was created.AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Aaron Wilson, Senior Research Associate, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center and The Ohio State University Extension, [email protected] (Corresponding Author); Jason Cervenec, Education and Outreach Director, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center; Geoff Dipre, Doctoral Candidate, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center.The Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center (BPCRC) has contributed to the development of a climate risk and vulnerability report that subsequently resulted in an effort to create a Climate Change Action Plan for the city of Columbus. This process involved conversations and focus groups with stakeholders and technical experts, from both on and off campus, to synthesize a document usable by city leaders and local decision makers. Stakeholders have included individuals from city government, public utilities, businesses, nonprofits, and the faith community. The State Climate Office of Ohio helped identify experts, and The STEAM Factory provided a convenient meeting venue. This project has established BPCRC as a facilitator of conversations around scientifically vetting climate information and moved Columbus toward becoming a more climate-resilient community. This poster will include an overview of the draft Columbus Climate Change Action Plan and process by which it was created

THEMIS Observations of the Magnetopause Electron Diffusion Region: Large Amplitude Waves and Heated Electrons

We present the first observations of large amplitude waves in a well-defined electron diffusion region at the sub-solar magnetopause using data from one THEMIS satellite. These waves identified as whistler mode waves, electrostatic solitary waves, lower hybrid waves and electrostatic electron cyclotron waves, are observed in the same 12-sec waveform capture and in association with signatures of active magnetic reconnection. The large amplitude waves in the electron diffusion region are coincident with abrupt increases in electron parallel temperature suggesting strong wave heating. The whistler mode waves which are at the electron scale and enable us to probe electron dynamics in the diffusion region were analyzed in detail. The energetic electrons (~30 keV) within the electron diffusion region have anisotropic distributions with T_{e\perp}/T_{e\parallel}>1 that may provide the free energy for the whistler mode waves. The energetic anisotropic electrons may be produced during the reconnection process. The whistler mode waves propagate away from the center of the 'X-line' along magnetic field lines, suggesting that the electron diffusion region is a possible source region of the whistler mode waves