Urinary bladder diverticulum as a content of femoral hernia: a case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND: Long standing increase of the intravesical pressure resulting from urinary bladder outlet obstruction can cause both secondary bladder diverticula and groin hernias. In rare cases, a diverticulum can be pulled by a hernia sac and becomes a component of the hernia itself. Such cases were encountered in inguinal, perineal and obturator hernias. However, to our knowledge, there has been only one case reported in the literature of a bladder diverticulum herniated in to the femoral canal. METHODS: Literature search using PubMed was performed to identify all published cases of herniation of bladder diverticula in to the femoral canal. RESULTS: Literature search revealed only one case before the present one. CONCLUSION: Urinary bladder diverticula should be considered as a possible content of femoral hernias especially in males with long standing obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms. As the clinical features of such a case are not specific, a high index of suspicion along with proper imaging studies are of great help in making a timely diagnosis to improve the outcome

Effet du climat du travail sur le bien-être psychologique et la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires

L’objectif de cette étude est de montrer le rôle du climat de travail sur la santé psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Il s’agit d’une étude qui s’inspire du modèle prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail de Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), du modèle de mesure bidimensionnel de la santé psychologiaue au travail, qui traite cette dernière en fonction de ses manifestations positives et négatives (i.e., bien-être psychologique au travail, détresse psychologique au travail) (Gilbert et al. 2011) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs dans ce domaine. (e.g., Bakker & Demerouti., 2014 ;  Desrumaux et al. 2015 ; Khaoudi, 2020 ; Thierrault et al., 2014). L’enquête est réalisée à travers un questionnaire auto-rapporté comportant des échelles de mesure des variables en question auprès de 1066 fonctionnaires pénitentiaires œuvrant dans 26 prisons de quatre régions du Maroc (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). Les résultats montrent que le climat du travail favorise le bien-être psychologique et atténue la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière du modèle prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs mentionnés précédemment.  The aim of this study is to show the role of work demands (i.e. workload, emotional load, violence at work) on the psychological health of prison officers. It draws on the predictive model of psychological health at work by Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), the two-dimensional measurement model of psychological health at work, which treats the latter in terms of its positive and negative manifestations (i.e., psychological well-being at work, psychological distress at work) (Gilbert et al. 2011) and previous research in this area. (e.g., Azouaghe, 2019; Bakker & Demerouti., 2014; Desrumaux et al. 2015; Khaoudi, 2020; Thierrault et al., 2014). The survey was conducted by means of a self-reported questionnaire including scales for measuring the variables in question among 1066 prison officers working in 26 prisons in four regions of Morocco (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). Analysis of the results shows that prison officers who experience work demands report a low level of psychological well-being at work and a high level of psychological distress at work. The results are discussed in light of the predictive model of psychological health at work (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) and the previous research mentioned above

Effet du climat du travail sur le bien-être psychologique et la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires

L’objectif de cette étude est de monter le rôle du climat de travail sur la santé psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Elle s’inspire du modèle prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail de Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), du modèle de mesure bidimensionnel de la santé psychotique au travail, qui traite cette dernière en fonction de ses manifestations positive et négative (i.e., bien-être psychologique au travail, détresse psychologique au travail) (Gilbert et al. 2011) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs dans ce domaine. (e.g., Bakker & Demerouti., 2014 ;  Desrumaux et al. 2015; Khaoudi, 2020 ; Thierrault et al., 2014). L’enquête est réalisée à travers un questionnaire auto-rapporté comportant des échelles de mesure des variables en question auprès de 1066 fonctionnaires pénitentiaires œuvrant dans 26 prisons de quatre régions du Maroc (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). L’analyse des résultats montre que le climat du travail favorise le bien-être psychologique et atténue la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière du modèle de prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs mentionnées précédemment.   The objective of this study is to demonstrate the role of the work climate on the psychological health of prison officers. It draws on the predictive model of psychological health at work by Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), the bidimensional model of measuring psychological health at work, which addresses this based on its positive and negative manifestations (i.e., psychological well-being at work, psychological distress at work) (Gilbert et al., 2011), and previous research in this field (e.g., Bakker & Demerouti, 2014; Desrumaux et al., 2015; Khaoudi, 2020; Thierrault et al., 2014). The survey was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire that included measurement scales for the variables in question, among 1066 prison officers working in 26 prisons across four regions of Morocco (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). The analysis of the results shows that the work climate promotes psychological well-being and reduces psychological distress among prison officers. The results are discussed in light of the predictive model of psychological health at work (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) and previous research mentioned earlier

Effet du climat du travail sur le bien-être psychologique et la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires

L’objectif de cette étude est de monter le rôle du climat de travail sur la santé psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Elle s’inspire du modèle prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail de Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), du modèle de mesure bidimensionnel de la santé psychotique au travail, qui traite cette dernière en fonction de ses manifestations positive et négative (i.e., bien-être psychologique au travail, détresse psychologique au travail) (Gilbert et al. 2011) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs dans ce domaine. (e.g., Bakker & Demerouti., 2014 ;  Desrumaux et al. 2015; Khaoudi, 2020 ; Thierrault et al., 2014). L’enquête est réalisée à travers un questionnaire auto-rapporté comportant des échelles de mesure des variables en question auprès de 1066 fonctionnaires pénitentiaires œuvrant dans 26 prisons de quatre régions du Maroc (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). L’analyse des résultats montre que le climat du travail favorise le bien-être psychologique et atténue la détresse psychologique des fonctionnaires pénitentiaires. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière du modèle de prédictif de la santé psychologique au travail (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) et des travaux de recherche antérieurs mentionnées précédemment.   The objective of this study is to demonstrate the role of the work climate on the psychological health of prison officers. It draws on the predictive model of psychological health at work by Boudrias et al. (2011, 2014), the bidimensional model of measuring psychological health at work, which addresses this based on its positive and negative manifestations (i.e., psychological well-being at work, psychological distress at work) (Gilbert et al., 2011), and previous research in this field (e.g., Bakker & Demerouti, 2014; Desrumaux et al., 2015; Khaoudi, 2020; Thierrault et al., 2014). The survey was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire that included measurement scales for the variables in question, among 1066 prison officers working in 26 prisons across four regions of Morocco (i.e., Rabat-Salé-Kenitra, Casablanca-Settat, Fès-Meknès, Marrakech-Safi). The analysis of the results shows that the work climate promotes psychological well-being and reduces psychological distress among prison officers. The results are discussed in light of the predictive model of psychological health at work (Boudrias et al., 2011, 2014) and previous research mentioned earlier

Seasonal Changes in the Plant Growth-Inhibitory Effects of Rosemary Leaves on Lettuce Seedlings

Plant biodiversity has been studied to explore allelopathic species for the sustainable management of weeds to reduce the reliance on synthetic herbicides. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L., syn Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.), was found to have plant growth-inhibitory effects, and carnosic acid was reported as an allelochemical in the plant. In this study, the effects of seasonal variation (2011–2012) on the carnosic acid concentration and phytotoxicity of rosemary leaves from two locations in Tunisia (Fahs and Matmata) were investigated. The carnosic acid concentration in rosemary leaves was determined by HPLC, and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was used as the receptor plant in the phytotoxicity bioassay. The highest carnosic acid concentration was found in rosemary samples collected in June 2011, which also had the highest inhibitory activity. Furthermore, a significant inverse correlation (r = −0.529; p < 0.01) was found between the inhibitory activity on lettuce hypocotyl and the carnosic acid concentration in rosemary leaves. Both temperature and elevation had a significant positive correlation with carnosic acid concentration, while rainfall showed a negative correlation. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of rosemary leaf samples collected in summer was highest due to their high carnosic acid concentration. The phytotoxicity of rosemary needs to be studied over time to determine if it varies by season under field conditions.Peer Reviewe

Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)

Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in individual patients, and for the continued development of antimicrobial resistance globally. The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms and the limited development of new agents available to counteract them have caused an impending crisis with alarming implications, especially with regards to Gram-negative bacteria. An international task force from 79 different countries has joined this project by sharing a document on the rational use of antimicrobials for patients with IAIs. The project has been termed AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections). The authors hope that AGORA, involving many of the world's leading experts, can actively raise awareness in health workers and can improve prescribing behavior in treating IAIs

Prospective Observational Study on acute Appendicitis Worldwide (POSAW)

Background: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common surgical disease, and appendectomy is the treatment of choice in the majority of cases. A correct diagnosis is key for decreasing the negative appendectomy rate. The management can become difficult in case of complicated appendicitis. The aim of this study is to describe the worldwide clinical and diagnostic work-up and management of AA in surgical departments.Methods: This prospective multicenter observational study was performed in 116 worldwide surgical departments from 44 countries over a 6-month period (April 1, 2016-September 30, 2016). All consecutive patients admitted to surgical departments with a clinical diagnosis of AA were included in the study.Results: A total of 4282 patients were enrolled in the POSAW study, 1928 (45%) women and 2354 (55%) men, with a median age of 29 years. Nine hundred and seven (21.2%) patients underwent an abdominal CT scan, 1856 (43.3%) patients an US, and 285 (6.7%) patients both CT scan and US. A total of 4097 (95.7%) patients underwent surgery; 1809 (42.2%) underwent open appendectomy and 2215 (51.7%) had laparoscopic appendectomy. One hundred eighty-five (4.3%) patients were managed conservatively. Major complications occurred in 199 patients (4.6%). The overall mortality rate was 0.28%.Conclusions: The results of the present study confirm the clinical value of imaging techniques and prognostic scores. Appendectomy remains the most effective treatment of acute appendicitis. Mortality rate is low.</p

Global validation of the WSES Sepsis Severity Score for patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections : a prospective multicentre study (WISS Study)

Background: To validate a new practical Sepsis Severity Score for patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) including the clinical conditions at the admission (severe sepsis/septic shock), the origin of the cIAIs, the delay in source control, the setting of acquisition and any risk factors such as age and immunosuppression. Methods: The WISS study (WSES cIAIs Score Study) is a multicenter observational study underwent in 132 medical institutions worldwide during a four-month study period (October 2014-February 2015). Four thousand five hundred thirty-three patients with a mean age of 51.2 years (range 18-99) were enrolled in the WISS study. Results: Univariate analysis has shown that all factors that were previously included in the WSES Sepsis Severity Score were highly statistically significant between those who died and those who survived (p <0.0001). The multivariate logistic regression model was highly significant (p <0.0001, R-2 = 0.54) and showed that all these factors were independent in predicting mortality of sepsis. Receiver Operator Curve has shown that the WSES Severity Sepsis Score had an excellent prediction for mortality. A score above 5.5 was the best predictor of mortality having a sensitivity of 89.2 %, a specificity of 83.5 % and a positive likelihood ratio of 5.4. Conclusions: WSES Sepsis Severity Score for patients with complicated Intra-abdominal infections can be used on global level. It has shown high sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratio that may help us in making clinical decisions.Peer reviewe