Why some Pharmacists Make the Leap and Others do not “From Good to Great Pharmacists”

© The Author(s), publisher and licensee Indian Academy of Pharmacists. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to define the requirements needed to be an Ideal pharmacist, in addition to determining the best traits that characterize the ideal pharmacist, which can help in explaining the quality indicators for leadership practicing. Methods: This is a descriptive study that was carried out through an online Google Drive survey, in the form of a questionnaire, to assess the skills needed by pharmacists. The data collection tool website was available mid- December 2019 through first February 2020. Descriptive statistics were used to report results. Results: Survey respondents were 905 pharmacists from different countries such as Egypt (384), UAE (75), KSA (326), etc. from different specialties. The most important traits of the great pharmacist as reported by the respondents was the ability of an ideal pharmacist to manage and discuss mistakes and to solve any medical problems. The most important reported skills included the skills of analytical, computer, communication, leadership, management, mentorship, medical research, and clinical practice. Another finding from the survey is related to the preferred expertise to be specialized. Moreover, continuing medical education (CME) programs can play an essential role in enhancing therapeutic and leadership skills. Conclusion: The terms and definitions for great leader may change with the times; however, it is important to understand the skills and abilities needed to lead. The ability to lead effectively is based on several skills, including communication, managing, and solving mistakes, clinical practicing, and integrity.Peer reviewe

The Degree of Implementing the Elements of Hidden Curriculum in Physical Education Lesson

The present study aimed to identify the degree of implementing the elements of hidden curriculum in the lesson of physical education from the point of view of the academic supervisors of field training students in the faculty of physical education at the University of Jordan. In addition, it aimed to identify the statistical differences in the degree of employment elements hidden curriculum in the lesson of physical education from the point of view of the academic supervisor, attributed to the variable of the academic experience of the supervisor. The researchers adopted the descriptive approach to its suitability and objectives of the study. The sample of the study was composed of all academic supervisors on field training students for the first semester 2018/2019 at the faculty of physical education at the University of Jordan. Mathematical averages, standard deviations, relative importance, and t-test were used to answer the study's questions. In addition, a questionnaire was developed based on the HOSFORD elements of the hidden curriculum, which consists of (Time on task, Expectation, monitoring, problems assigned the student, class setting and organization of work). The results of the study showed that the field training students have a high degree of employing the elements of the hidden curriculum during their classes. The degree of employment is relatively important (68.20). The results showed that there isn’t any statistically significant difference that can be attributed to the years of experience at the level of α (0.05) between the averages of the field of employing the elements of the hidden curriculum in the share of physical education from the point of view of academic supervisor in field training students in the faculty of physical education. The researchers recommended shedding light on the hidden curriculum in theoretical subjects such as curricula and methods of teaching and clarifying the importance of the hidden curriculum of the student and the teacher in the school during field application. Keywords: Hidden Curriculum, Academic Supervisor, Field Training DOI: 10.7176/JEP/12-1-07 Publication date: January 31st 202

ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DATE SEED POWDER-BASED COMPOSITE CARBON FIBER REINFORCED POLYMERS

Composites with fiber reinforcement are often a popular lightweight option. Due to their unique qualities, fiber-reinforced composites are the best alternative to traditional materials. Mechanical parameters of a carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (CFRE) composite reinforced with date seed granulated powder (DSGP) were examined at the room temperature. The mechanical qualities included tensile, flexural, and impact strength. Enhanced mechanical properties were noticed compared to carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite produced using the hand lay-up method and vacuum bag. The DSGP-reinforced CFRE with weight ratios of 0%, 15%, 25%, and 35% were considered. The test results revealed the maximum values of breaking force, maximum bending force, energy absorption capacity, and hardness number for 15%, 35%, 25%, 25% Wt DSGP samples. The results show that the optimal composition for carbon fiber reinforced epoxy with date seed granules is in the range from 15% to 25% wt. GDS. This study reveals that carbon fiber-date seed-reinforced composites are excellent substitutes for carbon fiber composites since they offer better mechanical properties at a lower cost

Population structure and genetic diversity of Sudanese native chickens

The objectives of this study were to analyze genetic diversity and population structure of Sudanese native chicken breeds involved in a conservation program. Five Sudanese native chicken breeds were compared with populations studied previously, which included six purebred lines, six African populations and one Sudanese chicken population. Twenty-nine (29) microsatellite markers were genotyped individually in these five populations. Expected and observed heterozygosity, mean number of alleles per locus and inbreeding coefficient were calculated. A model based cluster analysis was carried out and a Neighbor net was constructed based on marker estimated kinships. Two hundred and one alleles were detected in all populations, with a mean number of 6.93 ± 3.52 alleles per locus. The mean observed and expected heterozygosity across 29 loci was 0.524 and 0.552, respectively. Total inbreeding coefficient (FIT) was 0.069±0.112, while differentiation of subpopulations (FST 0.026±0.049) was low indicating the absence of clear sub-structuring of the Sudanese native chicken populations. The inbreeding coefficient (FIS) was 0.036±0.076. STRUCTURE software was used to cluster individuals to 2 ≤ k ≤ 7 assumed clusters. Solutions with the highest similarity coefficient were found at K=5 and K=6, in which Malawian, Zimbabwean, and purebred lines split from Sudanese gene pool. The six Sudanese native chicken populations formed one heterogeneous cluster. We concluded that Sudanese native chickens are highly diverse, and are genetically separated from Malawian, Zimbabwean chickens and six purebred lines. Our study reveals the absence of population sub-structuring of the Sudanese indigenous chicken populations.Key words: Genetic diversity, microsatellites, population structure, Sudanese native chickens

درجة استخدام معلمي التربية الرياضية لإستراتيجيات التقويم البديل وأدواته في مدارس البادية الوسطى

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة التعرُّف إلى درجة استخدام معلمي التربية الرياضية لإستراتيجيات التقويم البديل وأدواته في مدارس البادية الوسطى. المنهجية: استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي لملائمته لطبيعة الدراسة حيث تم تصميم مقياس من (23) فقرة مقسمة إلى ستة مجالات. المجال الأول التقويم المعتمد على الأداء، المجال الثاني القلم والورقة، المجال الثالث الملاحظة، المجال الرابع التواصل، المجال الخامس مراجعة الذات، المجال السادس أدوات التقويم البديل وبعد التأكد من صدق وثبات أداة الدراسة تم جمع البيانات من عينة الدراسة المكونة من (79) من معلمي التربية الرياضية في مدارس البادية الوسطى والذين تم اختيارهم من مجتمع الدراسة المكوًّن من (130) معلماً ومعلمة بالطريقة العشوائية المنتظمة. وأعتمدت الدراسة مقياس تصنيفي ثلاثي لوصف قيم المتوسطات الحسابية (1.00 – 2.33 منخفض)، ( 2.34– 3.67 متوسط)، (3.68-5.00 مرتفع). النتائج: أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن درجة استخدام معلمي التربية الرياضية لإستراتيجيات وأدوات التقويم البديل في مدارس البادية الوسطى كانت متوسطة (3.25 ± 0.54). حيث جاء مجال الملاحظة في المرتبة الاولى بمتوسط حسابي (4.08 ± 0.79)، وجاء في المرتبة الأخيرة مجال الورقة والقلم بمتوسط حسابي (2.23 ± 0.53). وأظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05 < α) بين متوسطات درجة استخدام إستراتيجيات التقويم البديل وأدواته في مدارس البادية الوسطى من حيث متغير النوع الاجتماعي وخبرة المعلمين. الخلاصة: تساعد هذه الدراسة القائمين على تطوير السياسات التربوية في وزارة التربية والتعليم بتضمين أدلة معلمي التربية الرياضية بإستراتيجيات التقويم البديل وأدواته بما يتناسب مع المرحلة الدراسية مما يعزز ويرتقي بالعملية التدريسية

Investigation of fracture behavior and mechanical properties of epoxy composites supported with MWCNTs microscopically

Adding of a multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to epoxy resin has shown promising results in improving fracture toughness in bulk epoxy and carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites (CFRP). using a hand layup proceeding followed by the so called vacuum bagging process method, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was added to an epoxy resin with a weight percentage mixing of 1% wt., 1.25% wt., and 1.5 % wt. MWCNTs. Furthermore, the specimen underwent analysis via Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, the composites were subjected to a microscopic examination using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). FTIR and XRD verified the folding and unfolding of the polymer, in addition, the mechanical properties including tensile strength, bending stress, and impact behavior were investigated as well as the hardness test. The obtained results showed a significant improvement of about (40 %) in tensile strength, (53 %) in bending stress at 1 % wt. MWCNTs, and (70 %) percentage increment in the strength of Impact at 1.25 % wt. MWCNTs. And the gained hardness was about 40.5 HV which were compared with a reference substance named Carbon Fiber (CF) without any addition of nano materials. Carbon nanotubes have demonstrated their potential to enhance the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced polymers, so this investigative study employs comprehensive characterization techniques, and demonstrates significant improvements in mechanical properties for the modified polymeric composite materials supported with nano materials

Analysis of teaching skills in swimming and gymnastics in faculties of physical education

The present study aimed to assess the extent to which faculty members apply effective teaching skills in swimming and gymnastics courses from the perspective of students in physical education faculties. Utilizing a descriptive method, the study involved a randomly selected sample of 195 students from the University of Jordan, Hashemite University, and Yarmouk University during the 2021/2022 academic year. A questionnaire was designed to evaluate effective teaching skills, focusing on the teacher's management of teaching principles, the use of educational aids, and evaluation. Data analysis using SPSS (version 28)revealed that faculty members demonstrated a high level of application of effective teaching skills in both courses, with arithmetic means of 4.35 for swimming and 4.27 for gymnastics. No statistically significant differences were observed in the application of these skills based on gender, university, or course (p > 0.05). The researchers recommend providing faculty members with necessary resources and facilities to enhance the educational process and ensure it meets the highest standards

GATA3 Positively Correlates with BCL2 Expression in Indolent and Aggressive Histological Types of Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma

Objective: Some histological basal cell carcinoma (BCC) types demonstrate more aggressive behavior than others. They are known as high-risk BCC and are more challenging in therapy, contrary to indolent (low-risk) BCC types. Identifying novel protein markers to predict aggressiveness and potential therapeutic targets in challenging cases is recommended. GATA3 is a transcription factor critical for epithelial and lymphocytic differentiation. This study investigated the immunohistochemical expression of GATA3 in indolent and aggressive BCC and its association with BCL2 expression. Material and Methods: Retrospectively collected indolent and aggressive BCC groups (24 cases each) were immunohistochemically stained with anti-GATA3 and BCL2 antibodies. The mean expression score (by area percentage) and TIL counts were determined and compared using ImageJ analysis. Stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were counted per high-power field (HPF) on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: GATA3 and BCL2 expressions were significantly higher in the indolent group than in the aggressive group. GATA3 expression significantly correlated with BCL2 score and TIL counts. Higher GATA3 expression was significantly associated with a more indolent BCC histological type, higher BCL2 expression, and higher TIL count. Conclusion: GATA3 is a possible target for immunomodulation experiments to improve BCC immunotherapy outcomes

Safety and efficacy of preoperative embolization in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations with perinidal aneurysms and single draining vein: a multicenter study with propensity score-weighting

Background and objectives: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with perinidal aneurysms and single draining vein are associated with an elevated risk of rupture and increased procedural complexity. The role of preoperative embolization in this high-risk anatomical subset remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of microsurgery with preoperative embolization, compared with microsurgery alone in patients with such AVMs. Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of an AVM registry from the MISTA (Multicenter International Study for Treatment of Brain AVMs) consortium and included AVMs with perinidal aneurysms and a single draining vein. Baseline characteristics, angiographic outcomes, functional outcomes, and complication rates were compared. Propensity score weighting (PSW) using the covariate balancing method was applied to adjust for baseline differences. Results: Out of a total of 1919 patients, 65 met the inclusion criteria; 45 patients underwent preoperative embolization followed by microsurgery, and 20 underwent microsurgery alone. After adjustment, complete obliteration rates were similar between groups (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.04 to 16.33, P=0.92), as were rates of functional independence at discharge and follow-up. Overall complication, symptomatic complication, and mortality rates did not differ significantly between groups. However, permanent complications were significantly lower in patients with preoperative embolization (OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.004 to 0.84, P=0.03). Discussion: In patients with AVMs featuring perinidal aneurysms and single draining vein, preoperative embolization followed by microsurgery was associated with fewer permanent complications and no increase in adverse outcomes compared with microsurgery alone. However, given the small number of events, this finding should be interpreted cautiously