E-waste Management Using Blockchain Technology

Introduction; Bridging the digital divide requires the provision of affordable, fair and quality ICT. With nearly two-thirds of the world’s population still offline, there is a need to provide affordable web access for everyone. For developing countries, increasing the popularity of information and communication technology has become the most important factor in reducing poverty. The danger of electrical and electronic waste disposal contains hazardous substances, but most of the electrical and electronic equipment is still disposed of in an unhealthy environment in the field development area, affecting the level of contamination in Water, Air and Soil ultimately affecting people’s health. Eliminating E-waste responsibility and protecting the environment is a challenge for countries. Smart cities can solve environmental problems through proper waste management for improving human health, protecting water resources, and reducing pollution. Objective; In this paper, we explore how blockchain technology can help smart cities to manage E-waste by providing consistency, immutability, transparency, and accountability control in a distributed, reliable, and secure manner. We discussed the advantages of blockchain technology in various aspects of E-waste management, such as instant tracking and monitoring, E-waste disposal and E-waste management regulation compliance, proper disposal management, E-waste management, and material handling, etc. All examples of disposal services, but in our study we have found that there is no fool proof system to check the disposal of E-waste whether it has been disposed off Fully or Partially. We mainly focused on the tracking of E-waste management system for 100% safe and eco-friendly disposal from the originating point of E-waste to end disposal point of total disposal. Methods; For this, we have used machine-learning model to find the existing percentage of disposal of E-waste at the end-point which reveals that it is never 100%. And partial disposal of E-waste means we have still partial E-waste around us in different forms, which will be a threat for the society to be indulged in hazardous after effects of randomly dumping E-waste.Results; After this we have modelled a Disposal Tracking System(DTS) using blockchain technology to create an E-waste data storage as Decentralized Shareable Ledger (DSL) which records the quantity and state of E-waste data from its originating point to a different level of disposal unit and finally reflect the balance of E-waste data as NIL at the end of last disposal point.Conclusion; This system will helpful for safe and ecofriendly E-waste management and it provides complete transparency and traceability of E-waste during the life cycle of complete disposal. After implementation of this system any district or Block or Village authority can ensure to its citizens for E-waste hazards free environment and safety of natural resource

A preliminary study on operation management for one-way EV car sharing system in university campus

Car sharing using electric vehicles(EVs) is effective in local society and community from the viewpoint of economy and the protection of the natural environment. For instance, Univerisiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), which has two large campuses, has a plan to use a small number of small EVs as one of transportation methods. When a large number of people share a small number of vehicles in this way, the confliction of usage requests by users may cause inconvenience to users and ineffective operation of vehicles. In addition, because the degree of legal compliance with usage time and operation rules relies on social and cultural backgrounds, operation methods may be affected by them. Therefore, a framework for supporting operation management in consideration of characteristics of the local society and community is necessary in order to efficiently operate a limited number of vehicles without detracting from the convenience of users. We have been developing an operation management support system for one-way EV car sharing in the university campus to improve user convenience and vehicle operation efficiency. In this presentation, we clarify the issues of operation management for car sharing system. We also introduce an overview of the operation management support system and propose several reservation methods of vehicles

Analysis Of Sensors Used to Make Smart Homes

One of the most widely used Internet of Things applications is home automation. There has been a huge shift in the way humans live their lives, making it easier and more beautiful. It aids in the discovery of easy answers to a wide range of difficult problems. Every application of home automation is linked to the others through the Internet. All of these applications are interconnected through sensors. These sensors can be used to operate a variety of devices, including doors, fans, lights, gas, televisions, refrigerators, and air conditioning. As a result, there is no requirement for human intervention. Our homes have become exceedingly safe thanks to the use of sensors. So that if there is an accident, we will be able to detect it from a long distance without difficulty. It is also capable of preventing unintended mishaps with the use of this technology. The most important thing to understand is which sensors will be used to create this smart house. Aspects such as finances are taken into consideration so that we can use the sensors to build smart houses as needed. This paper describes a technique for smart home automation that is low-cost and wireless, and it makes use of several types of sensors and the Internet of Things to accomplish this. Following extensive investigation, we develop a viable prototype. Specifically, we are interested in suggestions about what types of sensors are utilized to create a smart house, how much they cost, and a thorough understanding of how the sensors are used for various purposes

Enhancing Hate Speech Detection in the Digital Age : A Novel Model Fusion Approach Leveraging a Comprehensive Dataset

The authors extend their appreciation to the Arab Open Uni-versity for funding this work through AOU research fund No.(AOUKSA-524008)Peer reviewe

Observation of non-chemical equilibrium effect on Ar-CO2-H2 thermal plasma model by changing pressure

金沢大学理工研究域電子情報学系The authors developed a two-dimensional one-temperature chemical non-equilibrium (1T-NCE) model of Ar-CO2-H2 inductively coupled thermal plasmas (ICTP) to investigate the effect of pressure variation. The basic concept of one-temperature model is the assumption and treatment of the same energy conservation equation for electrons and heavy particles. The energy conservation equations consider reaction heat effects and energy transfer among the species produced as well as enthalpy flow resulting from diffusion. Assuming twenty two (22) different particles in this model and by solving mass conservation equations for each particle, considering diffusion, convection and net production terms resulting from hundred and ninety eight (198) chemical reactions, chemical non-equilibrium effects were taken into account. Transport and thermodynamic properties of Ar-CO2-H2 thermal plasmas were self-consistently calculated using the first-order approximation of the Chapman-Enskog method. Finally results obtained at atmospheric pressure (760 Torr) and at reduced pressure (500, 300 Torr) were compared with results from one-temperature chemical equilibrium (1T-CE) model. And of course, this comparison supported discussion of chemical non-equilibrium effects in the inductively coupled thermal plasmas (ICTP). © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

The role of the size and growth rate of the bank in determining the effect of financial leverage on the profitability of Jordanian commercial banks

This study aims to determine the role of the size and growth rate of banks in determining the effect of the financial leverage degree on the profitability of Jordanian commercial banks. To achieve this goal, the study adopted the analytical descriptive research approach and analysed the financial reports of 13 Jordanian commercial banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange Market (ASEM) during 2014–2018. To test the hypotheses and achieve the study goal, the data were analysed using simple linear regression analysis and hierarchical interaction regression analysis. The analyses showed that there is a positive effect on the financial leverage degree on the profitability of Jordanian commercial banks. Moreover, the results uncovered that the interaction effects of the financial leverage degree and the size and the growth rate of the bank foster the positive effects of the individual variables on the profitability of the banks. foreign direct investments is also the essential ingredient to the growth and development of most economies (Baban & Hasan, 2019). The most important factors in the economic growth processing of any country are the commercial transactions and foreign direct investments (Adl.Nawzad, 2020). The element of knowledge management and innovation are currently considered as integral in all aspects and operations of an organization given the fact that they determine the survival of entities in the corporate market (Jabbar et al., 2019)

Transformational Leadership and its Relation to Organizational Loyalty among the Public Secondary Schools' Principals in Jeddah Governate from the Teachers' Point of View

The aim of this study is to investigate the extent to which public secondary schools principals in Jeddah Governate practice the four aspects of transformational leadership behavior (idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration), as well as investigate the organizational loyalty in the public secondary schools in Jeddah Province. Moreover, the study investigated the extent to which transformational leadership behavior relates to the dimensions of organizational loyalty in the public secondary schools in Jeddah Province, and whether there are statistically significant differences in the responses of the participants about the dimensions of the study that can be attributed to their individual and job variables including educational qualifications, years of experience and specialization. The study used the descriptive relational methodology in order to fulfill its goals. The questionnaire designed for the purpose of this study was made of two parts, the first was made of 32 items distributed over four dimensions, and the second was made of 24 items distributed over three dimensions. The population of the study was made of the public secondary schools teachers working in the Educational Directorate of Jeddah Province. The sample was made of 363 teachers making up 10.3% of the secondary schoolteachers of Jeddah Province . The study indicated that the practice of transformational leadership of the public secondary schools principals in Jeddah Province was very high in the opinion of the secondary school teachers. On the other hand the organizational loyalty behavior of the secondary schoolteachers was also very high in their opinion. The study recommended the necessity of consolidating the behaviors of transformational leadership of the public secondary schools principals through training courses. On the other hand, teachers and students achievement should be advanced along with increase of power delegation by paying attention to linking organizational loyalty level with student achievement level in the secondary schools

Mini craniotomy for chronic subdural haematoma: surgical outcome from a single institution experience and predictors of success

Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is an increasingly common neurological disease in daily neurosurgical practice. Despite the wide prevalence of CSDH, there remains a lack of consensus regarding numerous aspects of its surgical management. The diagnosis and treatment are well established but there are different surgical procedures and outcome related to these procedures are not completely understood.Methods: The study conducted was conducted in department of neurosurgery at Ibrahim cardiac hospital and research institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh between January 2019 to July 2020, 105 patients were treated for chronic subdural haematoma This study evaluated the clinical features, radiological findings and surgical outcome by mini craniotomy assessed by modified Rankin scale (mRS) score and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score in a large series of patients treated at single institution.Results: At 6 months follow up, only one patient died (0.95%) because of co-morbidities and not directly related to the chronic subdural haematoma, 15 patients (14.3%) improved to mRS 0, 33.33% showed only mild symptoms without any significant disability-mRS 1, slight disability was observed in 28.5% patients, moderate disability was observed in 17.14% patients-mRS 3, moderately severe disability was observed in 5.7%-mRS 4.Conclusions: GOS score at 6 months follow up which shows majority of the patient improved to GOS score 4 (45.71%) and 5 (38.09%). Based on these results, among various method of surgical management, mini craniotomy provides better outcome