Relativistic effects in exclusive neutron-deuteron breakup

We extended the study of relativistic effects in neutron-deuteron scattering to the exclusive breakup. To this aim we solved the three-nucleon Faddeev equation including such relativistic features as relativistic kinematics and boost effects at incoming neutron lab. energies E_n^{lab}=65 MeV, 156 MeV and 200 MeV. As dynamical input a relativistic nucleon-nucleon interaction exactly on-shell equivalent to the CD Bonn potential has been used. We found that the magnitude of relativistic effects increases with the incoming neutron energy and, depending on the phase-space region, relativity can increase as well as decrease the nonrelativistic breakup cross section. In some regions of the breakup phase-space dynamical boost effects are important. For a number of measured exclusive cross sections relativity seems to improve the description of data.Comment: 27 pages, 4 png figures and 7 ps figure

Diffraction of complex molecules by structures made of light

We demonstrate that structures made of light can be used to coherently control the motion of complex molecules. In particular, we show diffraction of the fullerenes C60 and C70 at a thin grating based on a standing light wave. We prove experimentally that the principles of this effect, well known from atom optics, can be successfully extended to massive and large molecules which are internally in a thermodynamic mixed state and which do not exhibit narrow optical resonances. Our results will be important for the observation of quantum interference with even larger and more complex objects.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

The three- and four-nucleon systems from chiral effective field theory

Recently developed chiral nucleon-nucleon (NN) forces at next-to-leading order (NLO) that describe NN phase shifts up to about 100 MeV fairly well have been applied to 3N and 4N systems. Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations have been solved rigorously. The chiral NLO forces depend on a momentum cut-off \Lambda lying between 540-600 MeV/c. The resulting 3N and 4N binding energies are in the same range as found using standard NN potentials. In additon, low-energy 3N scattering observables are very well reproduced like for standard NN forces. Surprisingly, the long standing A_y-puzzle is resolved at NLO. The cut-off dependence of the scattering observables is rather mild.Comment: 4 pp, revtex, 3 figure

High resolution amplitude and phase gratings in atom optics

An atom-field geometry is chosen in which an atomic beam traverses a field interaction zone consisting of three fields, one having frequency $\Omega =c/\lambda$ propagating in the $\hat{z}$ direction and the other two having frequencies $\Omega +\delta_{1}$ and $\Omega +\delta_{2}$ propagating in the -$\hat{z}$ direction. For $n_{1}\delta_{1}+n_{2}\delta_{2}=0$ and $|\delta_{1}| T,|\delta_{2}| T\gg 1$, where $n_{1}$ and $n_{2}$ are positive integers and $T$ is the pulse duration in the atomic rest frame, the atom-field interaction results in the creation of atom amplitude and phase gratings having period $\lambda /[2(n_{1}+n_{2})]$. In this manner, one can use optical fields having wavelength $\lambda$ to produce atom gratings having periodicity much less than $\lambda$.Comment: 11 pages, 14 figure

Einfluss von emotional wirksamen Informationen auf die Diskriminierungsfähigkeit von sensorischen Prüfpersonen

Mittels zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Dreiecksprüfungen wurde untersucht, ob subtile Geschmacksunterschiede bei Apfelsaft nach Kenntnis der „upset story“ signifikant öfter erkannt werden konnten als vorher. Bei 78 Prüfpersonen wurde der abweichenden Probe 0.1 g Koffein/L Apfelsaft zugefügt und bei weiteren 78 Prüfpersonen wurde die abweichende Probe mit 150 mL Leitungswasser/L Apfelsaft verdünnt. Die erste Dreiecksprüfung wurde ohne Informationen zu den Apfelsaftproben durchgeführt. Um herauszufinden, ob Emotionen Einfluss auf die Diskriminierungsfähigkeit von sensorischen Prüfpersonen haben, wurde eine provokative „upset story“ erfunden. Bei den Dreiecksprüfungen bei der die abweichende Probe mit Koffein versetz wurde, erkannten vor der „upset story“ 37.18% die abweichende Probe richtig und nachher 53.85%. Die Auswertung mit der Signifikanztabelle zeigte vor der „upset story“ keinen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen den Proben der Dreiecksprüfungen (α > 0.05). Nach der „upset story“ war der Unterschied sehr hoch signifikant (α = 0.001). Die Auswertung mit dem McNemar-Test zeigte nach der „upset story“ einen signifikanten Anstieg der richtigen Antworten (α = 0.05). Bei der Dreiecksprüfung bei der die abweichende Probe mit Wasser verdünnt wurde, erkannten vor der „upset story“ 44.87% die abweichende Probe richtig und danach 67.95%. Die Auswertung mit der Signifikanztabelle zeigte vor der „upset story“ einen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen den Proben der Dreiecksprüfung (α = 0.05). Nach der „upset story“ war der Unterschied sehr hoch signifikant (α = 0.001). Die Auswertung mit dem McNemar-Test zeigte nach der „upset story“ einen signifikanten Anstieg der richtigen Antworten (α = 0.05). Die Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, dass die „upset story“ die Diskriminierungsfähigkeit der Prüfpersonen verbesserte

Trauma and the healing potential of narrative in Anne Michaels's novels

Es wird untersucht ob und in wieweit die traumatisierten Charaktere in Anne Michaels Romanen Heilung durch Arten von Erzählungen finden.It is investigated whether and to what degree the traumatized characters in Anne Michaels's novels come to terms with their traumas through some kind of narrative

Verliebt – Verführt – Verstoßen

In dieser Arbeit werden die Bearbeitungen des Motivs der Verführung in verschiedenen Bereichen in drei polnischen Texten (J.I. Kraszewskis Ulana und Budnik und W. Wolskis Halka) und einem englischen Text (T.Hardys Tess of the D'Urbervilles) untersucht und verglichen.This thesis investigates the use of the motif of seduction in three Polish texts (i.e. J.I. Kraszewski's Ulana und Budnik und W. Wolskis Halka) and one English text (i.e. T.Hardy's Tess of the D'Urbervilles). This includes the discussion and comparison of several aspects

Three-Nucleon Force Effects in Nucleon Induced Deuteron Breakup: Predictions of Current Models (I)

An extensive study of three-nucleon force effects in the entire phase space of the nucleon-deuteron breakup process, for energies from above the deuteron breakup threshold up to 200 MeV, has been performed. 3N Faddeev equations have been solved rigorously using the modern high precision nucleon-nucleon potentials AV18, CD Bonn, Nijm I, II and Nijm 93, and also adding 3N forces. We compare predictions for cross sections and various polarization observables when NN forces are used alone or when the two pion-exchange Tucson-Melbourne 3NF was combined with each of them. In addition AV18 was combined with the Urbana IX 3NF and CD Bonn with the TM' 3NF, which is a modified version of the TM 3NF, more consistent with chiral symmetry. Large but generally model dependent 3NF effects have been found in certain breakup configurations, especially at the higher energies, both for cross sections and spin observables. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the kinematically complete breakup reaction in testing the proper structure of 3N forces.Comment: 42 pages, 20 ps figures, 2 gif figure

The cross section minima in elastic Nd scattering: a ``smoking gun'' for three nucleon force effects

Neutron-deuteron elastic scattering cross sections are calculated at different energies using modern nucleon-nucleon interactions and the Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force adjusted to the triton binding energy. Predictions based on NN forces only underestimate nucleon-deuteron data in the minima at higher energies starting around 60 MeV. Adding the three-nucleon forces fills up those minima and reduces the discrepancies significantly.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure

Few Body Reserch - Summary

Few-body research history, achievements, current development and challenges are presented.Comment: 21 pages, 2 tables, Summary talk at 18th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics August 21-26. 2006 Santos SP Brazil; to be published in Nuclear Physic