Internet of Things and its enhanced data security

The Internet of Things (IoT), an emerging global Internet-based technical architecture facilitating the exchange of information, goods and services in the internet world has an impact on the security and privacy of the involved stakeholders. Measures ensuring the architectures resilience to attacks, data authentication, and access control and client privacy need to be established. This paper includes a survey of IoT and various security issues related to it. Furthermore, out of all security issues, concern over data authentication and transfer is taken into consideration. Here we will discuss the idea for two levels of security in form of two different approaches i.e. Advance Encryption Standards (AES) and the Steganography approach via an image and the simulating of these two logics in the MATLAB

Dimensionality Reduction of Hyperspectral Signatures for Optimized Detection of Invasive Species

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the use of hyperspectral reflectance signals for the discrimination of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) from other subtly different vegetation species. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves are used to determine which spectral bands should be considered as candidate features. Multivariate statistical analysis is then applied to the candidate features to determine the optimum subset of spectral bands. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is used to compute the optimum linear combination of the selected subset to be used as a feature for classification. Similarly, for comparison purposes, ROC analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, and LDA are utilized to determine the most advantageous discrete wavelet coefficients for classification. The overall system was applied to hyperspectral signatures collected with a handheld spectroradiometer (ASD) and to simulated satellite signatures (Hyperion). A leave-one-out testing of a nearest mean classifier for the ASD data shows that cogongrass can be detected amongst various other grasses with an accuracy as high as 87.86% using just the pure spectral bands and with an accuracy of 92.77% using the Haar wavelet decomposition coefficients. Similarly, the Hyperion signatures resulted in classification accuracies of 92.20% using just the pure spectral bands and with an accuracy of 96.82% using the Haar wavelet decomposition coefficients. These results show that hyperspectral reflectance signals can be used to reliably detect cogongrass from subtly different vegetation

Meta-Metadata: An Information Semantic Language and Software Architecture for Collection Visualization Application

Information collection and discovery tasks involve aggregation and manipulation of information resources. An information resource is a location from which a human gathers data to contribute to his/her understanding of something significant. Repositories of information resources include the Google search engine, the ACM Digital Library, Wikipedia, Flickr, and IMDB. Information discovery tasks involve having new ideas in contexts of information collecting. The information one needs to collect is large and diverse and hard to keep track of. The heterogeneity and scale also make difficult writing software to support information collection and discovery tasks. Metadata is a structured means for describing information resources. It forms the basis of digital libraries and search engines. As metadata is often called, "data about data," we define meta-metadata as a formal means for describing metadata as an XML based language. We consider the lifecycle of metadata in information collection and discovery tasks and develop a metametadata architecture which deals with the data structures for representation of metadata inside programs, extraction from information resources, rules for presentation to users, and logic that defines how an application needs to operate on metadata. Semantic actions for an information resource collection are steps taken to generate representative objects, including formation of iconographic image and text surrogates, associated with metadata. The meta-metadata language serves as a layer of abstraction between information resources, power users, and application developers. A power user can enhance an existing collection visualization application by authoring meta-metadata for a new information resource without modifying the application source code. The architecture provides a set of interfaces for semantic actions which different information discovery and visualization applications can implement according to their own custom requirements. Application developers can modify the implementation of these semantic actions to change the behavior of their application, regardless of the information resource. We have used our architecture in combinFormation, an information discovery and collection visualization application and validated it through a user study

Pulmonary sarcoidosis : a clinical update

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Cephalexin Induced Cholestatic Jaundice

Cephalexin is a very commonly prescribed orally administered antibiotic which has many potential side effects. Amongst these cholestatic jaundice has been infrequently reported as an adverse reaction. We present a case of a 57-year-old male who exhibited features of cholestatic jaundice including elevated liver function tests (LFTs) after taking cephalexin and showed improvement on removal of the offending agent. During this time he was symptomatically treated with cholestyramine. Complete resolution of LFTs was seen in four weeks. Cephalexin induced cholestasis is rare and hence requires a high degree of clinical suspicion for prompt diagnosis and treatment

Hyposplenism and gastrointestinal diseases:significance and mechanisms

Open Access via the Karger Agreement This work was funded in part by Wellcome Trust Grant number 0934847/Z/10/Z.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Skin cancer in essential thrombocythaemia and polycythaemia vera patients treated with hydroxycarbamide

Funding Information This research was supported by NHS Grampian Endowment Fund (grant number: EA4075).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Fertility booster effect of Selaginella bryopteris (Sanjivani) against high dose of estradiol exposed Swiss Albino mice

The present investigation was aimed to examine the antifertility effects of estradiol and phytochemical influences of Selaginella bryopteris (Sanjivani) in Swiss albino mice. Male twenty- four (n=24) mice were selected which was divided into four different group (n=6; each). Group-1 (G1): control, Group-2 (G2): estradiol treated, Group-3 (G3): Pre-treated estradiol + Selaginella bryopteris (150mg/kg body weight) and Group-4 (G4): Pre-treated estradiol + Selaginella bryopteris (200mg/kg body weight). Forty-five days of estradiol treatment at 25μg/kg body weight were given to G2, G3, and G4 mice. After completion of dose duration G2 were stopped for examination and the rest G3 and G4 were continued for Selaginella bryopteris administration at two different doses for 35 days. Sperm quality, immunoreactive luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone (T) were analysed. The outcomes of this study indicated that compared to G1 the estradiol treated G2 had significant (p<0.001) alteration in sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, serum level of LH, FSH, and testosterone. Rebound effects were observed in G3 and G4 after the administration of S. bryopteris. Compared to G3 vs. G4; the G4 had better results than G3. The testicular architecture was analysed through histological study of testis revealed disorganization of the cytoarchitecture in the seminiferous tubules, vacuolations, absence of lumen and compartmentalization of spermatogenesis. Compared with LH and sperm density, estradiol significantly suppressed FSH and sperm motility. It is evident that the direct action of estradiol on the testis is mostly responsible for the T reduction. But, the administration of S. bryopteris 200 mg/kg body weight had resolve the alteration bitterly than 150 mg/kg body weight of S. bryopteris