Primary Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of epidural space- A case report of great mimicker and review of literature

Primary Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of epidural space is a rare entity. Clinical presentation and imaging studies were bizarre and posed the difficulty in diagnosis. Since the management protocol of spinal lymphoma is yet to be standardized, so the prognosis is still looming. Here we are reporting a case of epidural primary Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in young adult female, who presented with backache and weakness

Abhinendra Kumar's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity

Optimization of extraction of gDNA from DBS: Potential application in epidemiological research & biobanking

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Abhinendra Kumar's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity

Cancer screening: Should cancer screening be essential component of primary health care in developing countries?

Background: Cancer is a fatal disease and is on the rise across the globe. In India, breast, cervix and the oral cavity are the leading cancer sites, but, unfortunately, in-spite of availability of screening tools, there is no organized cancer screening program in India. The main objective of this study was to review the performance of various cancer screening modalities in a resource poor setting. Methods: MEDLINE and web of science electronic database was searched from January 1990 to December 2013, using keywords such as "breast cancer, cervical cancer, oral cancer and their corresponding mesh terms were also used in combination with Boolean operators OR, AND." Two authors independently selected studies published in English and conducted in India. A total of 16 studies was found relevant and eligible for the review. The data on sensitivity and specificity of various screening tool was extracted and analyzed. Results: Most of the reported screening trails in India are on cervical cancer and few on breast and oral cancer screening. The pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity of cervical cancer screening test such as visual inspection with acetic acid, magnified visual inspection with acetic acid, visual inspection with Lugol′s iodine, cytology (Papanicolaou smear) and human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid was found to be 68.76% and 84.02%, 63.27% and 85.43%, 81.86% and 87.03%, 63.25% and 93.17% and 75.04% and 91.66%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of clinical breast examination was found to be 94.30% and 94.30%, respectively. Oral cancer screening through visual inspection by trained health care worker was found to have 87.90% sensitivity and 92.05% specificity. Conclusions: Our study highlights the availability and success of visual screening tools in early detection and mortality reduction of major neoplasia in resource-poor health care settings and recommends implementation of oral and cervical cancer screening as part of assured primary health care package in developing countries

“OUTCOME ANALYSIS OF TIMELY CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF HAEMOPHILIC KNEE ARTHROPATHY WITH FACTOR REPLACEMENT AND PHYSIOTHERAPY.”

INTRODUCTION: Haemophilia is a disorder of the initiation of coagulation, and is due to reductions in the concentrations of, or the presence of a less active version of, one of two coagulation factors, factor VIII and factor IX. There are several orthopaedic problems linked to haemophilia including recurrent hemarthroses, chronic synovitis, exion deformities, hypertrophy of the growth epiphyses, damage to the articular cartilage and hemophilic arthropathy MATERIALS AND METHODS : 290 patients of all age group of haemophilia A and B coming to orthopaedic OPD with Knee Haemarthosis between October 2018 to May 2020 were included in our study. These patients were prospectively analyzed for complications and severity. HJHS Scoring system were used to assess the severity of joint disease. RESULTS : . out of 290 patients it was found that haemophilia was more prevalent in rural population (53.10%) as compared to urban population (46.90%). In our study it was found that majority of the patients with haemophilia had single joint involved (57.94%) as compared to 42.06% who had multiple joint involved. It was revealed that in majority right knee was involved (52.41%) followed by left joint in 47.58% patients with haemophilia. It was found that most common complication in patients of knee haemarthrosis was recurrent haemarthrosis (57.24%) followed by synovitis (27.93%). arthropathy (9.31%) . It was found that most common complication in patients of knee haemarthrosis was recurrent haemarthrosis (57.24%) followed by synovitis (27.93%). arthropathy (9.31%) . It was found that out of 290 patients with haemophilia, majority were performing regular physiotherapy (57.59%) followed by 42.41% of the patients who were occasional in physiotherapy. It was found that mean HJHS score was increasing with increasing the severity of the disease. Mean HJHS score for mild cases was 10.53±4.495 as compared to 13.06±7.575 of moderate cases and 17.82±7.991 of severe cases. CONCLUSION In present study haemophilia was more prevalent in rural population. Majority of the patients with haemophilia had single joint and in majority right knee was involved. Most common complication in patients of haemophilia was recurrent haemarthrosis followed by synovitis and arthropathy. Majority of our patients were having severe form of the disease. Adequate factor replacement along with good active physiotherapy early detection and prompt treatment with active life style makes muscles and joints healthier and stronger reduces tendancy of bleeding and further damage of joint. reduce the frequency and longterm complications of knee haemarthrosis like recurrent haemarthosis , synovitis ,arthropathy, fracture and deformity. Prophylactic factor replacement is having denitely positive role as per available literature over western countries, unfortunately it needs more specic clinical trial to know about longterm good results in India.</jats:p

Optimization of extraction of genomic DNA from archived dried blood spot (DBS): potential application in epidemiological research &amp; bio banking

Background:Limited infrastructure is available to collect, store and transport venous blood in field epidemiological studies. Dried blood spot (DBS) is a robust potential alternative sample source for epidemiological studies &amp; bio banking. A stable source of genomic DNA (gDNA) is required for long term storage in bio bank for its downstream applications. Our objective is to optimize the methods of gDNA extraction from stored DBS and with the aim of revealing its utility in large scale epidemiological studies. Methods:The purpose of this study was to extract the maximum amount of gDNA from DBS on Whatman 903 protein saver card. gDNA was extracted through column  (Qiagen) &amp; magnetic bead based (Invitrogen) methods. Quantification of extracted gDNA was performed with a spectrophotometer, fluorometer, and integrity analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Result:Large variation was observed in quantity &amp; purity (260/280 ratio, 1.8-2.9) of the extracted gDNA. The intact gDNA bands on the electrophoresis gel reflect the robustness of DBS for gDNA even after prolonged storage time. The extracted gDNA amount 2.16 – 24 ng/µl is sufficient for its PCR based downstream application, but unfortunately it can’t be used for whole genome sequencing or genotyping from extracted gDNA. Sequencing or genotyping can be achieved by after increasing template copy number through whole genome amplification of extracted gDNA. The obtained results create a base for future research to develop high-throughput research and extraction methods from blood samples.Conclusion:The above results reveal, DBS can be utilized as a potential and robust sample source for bio banking in field epidemiological studies.</ns4:p