Traducción e ideología: análisis de dos traducciones al español del discurso inaugural de Donald J. Trump

Treball Final de Grau. Grau en Traducció i Interpretació. Codi: TI0983. Curs acadèmic 2016/2017En este Trabajo de Final de Grado se intenta demostrar que la ideología está siempre presente en los procesos de traducción. Con este fin se ha creado un método de análisis basado en los ocho criterios que propone Mona Baker (2006), que se aplica al examen de dos traducciones de un texto de actualidad: el discurso inaugural del actual presidente de los Estados Unidos, Donald J. Trump. Los criterios, que se han mencionado anteriormente y que nos ayudarán a desentrañar las diferencias que existen entre las dos traducciones al español objeto de nuestro estudio, son estos ocho: temporality, relationality, causal emplotment, selective appropriation, particularity, genericness, normativeness/canonicity and breach y narrative accrual. La realización del análisis nos mostrará resultados reveladores de la omnipresencia de la ideología en la traducción y pondrá en evidencia a aquellas personas que argumentan que la traducción es un proceso completamente objetivo y neutral

Delineating the efficacy of a cannabis-based medicine at advanced stages of dementia in a murine model

Previous reports have demonstrated that the combination of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) botanical extracts, which are the components of an already approved cannabis-based medicine, reduce the Alzheimer-like phenotype of AβPP/PS1 transgenic mice when chronically administered during the early symptomatic stage. Here, we provide evidence that such natural cannabinoids are still effective in reducing memory impairment in AβPP/PS1 mice at advanced stages of the disease but are not effective in modifying the Aβ processing or in reducing the glial reactivity associated with aberrant Aβ deposition as occurs when administered at early stages of the disease. The present study also demonstrates that natural cannabinoids do not affect cognitive impairment associated with healthy aging in wild-type mice. The positive effects induced by Δ9-THC and CBD in aged AβPP/PS1 mice are associated with reduced GluR2/3 and increased levels of GABA-A Rα1 in cannabinoid-treated animals when compared with animals treated with vehicle alone

Competencia y capacidad. Más que una cuestión terminológica

The article analyzes the terms competence and capacity from the legal, philosophical, psychological and clinical view to demonstrate they are not synonymous concepts.El artículo analiza los términos competencia y capacidad desde la visión legal, filosófica, psicológica y clínica, para demostrar que no son conceptos sinónimos

Cromogranina A en adenomas hipofisarios humanos

Introducción: Las cromograninas son proteínas extensamente distribuidas en el sistema neuroendocrino, y su expresión puede usarse en la caracterización de los tumores neuroendocrinos. Material y métodos: Este estudio analiza mediante inmunohistoquímica la presencia de cromogranina A en 32 biopsias de adenomas hipofisarios humanos, secretores y no secretores. Resultados: Todos los adenomas secretores de FSH y los no secretores muestran inmunoreactividad intensa para cromogranina A, mientras que otros adenomas hipofisarios son negativos o débilmente positivos en escasas células. Conclusiones: La cromogranina A puede utilizarse como marcador de adenomas hipofisarios humanos no secretores

CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist Ameliorates Alzheimer-Like Phenotype in AβPP/PS1 Mice

The specific CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonist JWH-133 induced cognitive improvement in double AβPP/PS1 transgenic mice, a genetic model of Alzheimer's disease. This effect was more pronounced when administered at the pre-symptomatic rather than the early symptomatic stage. The cognitive improvement was associated with decreased microglial reactivity and reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and IFNγ. In addition, JWH-133 reduced the expression of active p38 and SAPK/JNK, increased the expression of inactive GSK3β, and lowered tau hyperphosphorylation at Thr181 in the vicinity of amyloid-β plaques. Moreover, JWH-133 produced a decrease in the expression of hydroxynonenal adducts, and enhanced the expression of SOD1 and SOD2 around plaques. In contrast, the chronic treatment with JWH-133 failed to modify the amyloid-β production or deposition in cortex and hippocampus. In conclusion, the present study lends support to the idea that stimulation of CB2 receptors ameliorates several altered parameters in Alzheimer's disease such as impaired memory and learning, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress damage and oxidative stress responses, selected tau kinases, and tau hyperphosphorylation around plaques

Type-1 cannabinoid receptor activity during Alzheimer's disease progression

The activity of CB1 cannabinoid receptors was studied in postmortem brain samples of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients during clinical deterioration. CB1 activity was higher at earlier AD stages in limited hippocampal areas and internal layers of frontal cortex, but a decrease was observed at the advanced stages. The pattern of modification appears to indicate initial hyperactivity of the endocannabinoid system in brain areas that lack classical histopathological markers at earlier stages of AD, indicating an attempt to compensate for the initial synaptic impairment, which is then surpassed by disease progression. These results suggest that initial CB1 stimulation might have therapeutic relevance

Promoter hypermethylation of the phosphatase DUSP22 mediates PKA-dependent TAU phosphorylation and CREB activation in Alzheimer's disease

Genetic screening in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has identified only a handful of genes that are mutated in the disorder. Thus, for a very large proportion of patients, the biology of their disease is poorly understood. Epigenetic alterations may provide an explanation in these cases. Using DNA methylation profiles of human hippocampus from controls and patients, we have identified the presence of promoter hypermethylation of the dual-specificity phosphatase 22 (DUSP22) gene in AD. DUSP22 is a likely candidate gene for involvement in the pathogenesis of the disorder since, as we demonstrate here, it inhibits PKA activity and thereby determines TAU phosphorylation status and CREB signaling