PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica) EXTRACT INCREASES VAGINAL WALL THICKNESS IN MENOPAUSAL RATS

Painful intercourse (dyspareunia) is one of the complaints that are often found in menopausal women due to decreased kolagen.dan atrophy vaginal wall. This can lead to domestic disharmony because it can lead to divorce, affairs and domestic violence. Menopausal women growing more and more year, because of the higher life expectancy. To prevent these complaints need estrogen therapy or phytoestrogens. Centella asiatica is a phytoestrogen that can increase proliferation and collagen synthesis, is expected to occur with the administration of Centella asiatica collagen thickening and increase in vaginal wall so that the vagina becomes more elastic and repair cells that atrophy so painful intercourse can be avoided. Mechanism of thickening and increased collagen vaginal wall has not been clear. This study aims to explain the mechanism of thickening due to proliferation and maturation of epithelial and collagen synthesis increased vaginal wall Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar rats that experienced a given ovariectomy Indian pennywort extract. The research method is experimental design with posttest only control group design, by 35 female rats of Wistar strain Rattus norvegicus age of 4 months, weight 290-300 grams, conducted randomized into 4 groups, each group of seven rats. All groups performed ovariectomy. Preliminary research to determine the atrophy of the vaginal wall (on day 21). Group 1, not given the extract of Centella asiatica. Group 2, 3, 4 were given extracts of Centella asiatica on day 22 post-ovariectomy with a dose of 30mg, 60mg, 120 mg/Kbw/day for 40 days orally. Immunohistochemical examination to see the expression of estrogen receptor beta-producing cells (ER-ß) and collagenproducing cells. Histological examination to see thickening of the vaginal wall with Hematoxylin eosin staining. Results were analyzed using univariate analysis showed an increase in epithelial proliferation, maturation of the vaginal wall was significant (p <0.05), increased estrogen receptor beta and collagen was significantly (p, 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that administration of Centella asiatica extract can increase epithelial proliferation of the vaginal wall through the mechanism of increased estrogen receptor beta, and collagen Keywords: Centella asiatica, vaginal epithelial proliferation, collagen synthesis, phytoestroge

Invariant subspaces on multiply connected domains

The lattice of invariant subspaces of several Banach spaces of analytic functions on the unit disk, for example the Bergman spaces and the Dirichlet spaces, have been studied recently. A natural question is to what extent these investigations carry over to analogously defined spaces on an annulus. We consider this question in the context of general Banach spaces of analytic functions on finitely connected domains Ω. The main result reads as follows: Assume that B is a Banach space of analytic functions satisfying some conditions on the domain Ω. Assume further that M(B) is the set of all multipliers of B. Let Ω1 be a domain obtained from Ω by adding some of the bounded connectivity components of C\Ω. Also, let B1 be the closed subspace of B of all functions that extend analytically to Ω1. Then the mapping I 7→ clos(I · M(B)) gives a one-to-one correspondence between a class of multiplier invariant subspaces I of B1, and a class of multiplier invariant subspaces J of B. The inverse mapping is given by J 7→ J ∩ B1

An Analytical Model for the Effect of Vertical Wind Veer on Wind Turbine Wakes

In this study, an analytical wake model for predicting the mean velocity field downstream of a wind turbine under veering incoming wind is systematically derived and validated. The new model, which is an extended version of the one introduced by Bastankhah and Port&eacute;-Agel, is based upon the application of mass conservation and momentum theorem and considering a skewed Gaussian distribution for the wake velocity deficit. Particularly, using a skewed (instead of axisymmetric) Gaussian shape allows accounting for the lateral shear in the incoming wind induced by the Coriolis force. This analytical wake model requires only the wake expansion rate as an input parameter to predict the mean wake flow downstream. The performance of the proposed model is assessed using the large-eddy simulation (LES) data of a full-scale wind turbine wake under the stably stratified condition. The results show that the proposed model is capable of predicting the skewed structure of the wake downwind of the turbine, and its prediction for the wake velocity deficit is in good agreement with the high-fidelity simulation data

Perbandingan Trancutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Dan Kinesio Taping Terhadap Penurunan Skala Nyeri Punggung Bawah Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III Di Puskesmas Juwiring Kabupaten Klaten

Latar Belakang Nyeri punggung bawah pada ibu hamil trimester III terjadi karena Perubahan hormonal yang menimbulkan Perubahan pada jaringan lunak penyangga dan penghubung sehingga menurunnya elestisitas dan fleksibilitas otot. Prevalenci nyeri punggung bawah kehamilan pada trimester 1= 16,7 %, trimester II = 31,3%, dan trimester III = 53%. Nyeri punggung apabila tidak segera diatasi, bisa mengakibatkan nyeri punggung jangka panjang, meningkatkan kecenderungan nyeri punggung pascapartum dan nyeri punggung kronis yang akan lebih sulit untuk diobati. Manajemen untuk mengatasi nyeri punggung bawah dapat dilakukan dengan cara farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Tujuan penelitian Mengetahui Perbandingan TENS dankinesio taping terhadap penurunan skala nyeri punggung bawah pada ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Juwiring Kabupaten Klaten Rancangan Penelitian Penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasy eksperimen dengan desain non equivalent pre and post test control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah subjek sebanyak 18 Subjek dibagi dalam 2 kelompok (TENS dan Kinesio taping).TENS yang digunakan intelect TENS, kinesio taping yang digunakan\u27Spol Kinematics Tex\u27. Terapi dilakukan selama 6x (2 kali dalam 1 minggu). Pengukuran skala nyeri menggunakan NRS. Analisa data menggunakan ujiwilcoxon dan mann whitney. Hasil penelitian Ada perbedaan antara terapi TENS dan terapi kinesio taping dengan nilai p-value 0,007. Simpulan Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation lebih efektif menurunkan skala nyeri punggung bawah ibu hamil trimester III dibanding dengan kinesio taping

The role of urban green spaces in mood change.

Urban green spaces have been found as environments that contribute to stress reduction and mood change in several countries such as the West and Taiwan, however there are few studies on people’s perception of the role of urban green space (UGS) in arid regions in Iran. In this study a survey was conducted among visitors of an urban park in the city of Yazd in Iran. They answered questionnaire about use rating and obstacles on the use of UGS, people’s motives for visiting UGS, people’s perception on the effect of UGS on mood change. The results showed that a) lack of green space is one of the greatest obstacle for visiting green space, b) closeness to UGS had a prominent role c) water and green space are two physical features that affect mood change. This research demonstrated the role of visiting UGS on mood change in urban environments; this outcome is usually a basis of positive mood changing disposition and valuable outcomes that are although, nonconsumptive, important in the lives of individuals