Attitudes of Media and Political Sciences Students towards the Way Palestinian Television Addresses the political Division: A Field Study

This study aims at recognizing the attitudes of mass communication and political sciences students towards the way Palestinian Television addresses the issue of political division within the framework of several theories, namely: the functional perspective of mass media and the theory of dependence on mass media. To achieve the study objectives, the researchers employed the approach of “surveying the audience of mass media” based on a sample of (400) students from different universities in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. This sample has been chosen by the stratified random sampling from Al-Najah National University in the West Bank and the Islamic University in Gaza. The study has come up with the following results: (62.7%) of the study sample population watch Palestine T.V, whereas (37.3%) do not. The item related to the evening period of watching T.V gets the highest average value which stands at (1.52). Keywords: Attitudes of Media, political Division, West Bank, Sector Gaza, Palestine T

Effect of ferric carboxymaltose on calculated plasma volume status and clinical congestion: a FAIR‐HF substudy

Iron deficiency worsens symptoms, quality of life, and exercise capacity in chronic heart failure (CHF) and might do so by promoting fluid retention. We assessed whether iron repletion improved congestion in CHF and appraised the prognostic utility of calculated plasma volume status (PVS), a novel index of congestion, in the FAIR‐HF data set. Methods and results In FAIR‐HF, 459 iron deficient CHF patients were randomized to intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) or saline and assessed at 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Using weight and haematocrit, we calculated PVS in 436 patients. At baseline, PVS and weight were −5.5 ± 7.7% and 76.9 ± 14.3 kg, with peripheral oedema evident in 35% of subjects. Higher PVS values correlated to other congestion surrogates such as lower serum albumin. At 4 weeks, FCM was associated with greater reductions in weight (0.02) and PVS (P −4% at baseline predicted worse outcomes even after adjustment for treatment assignment (hazard ratio 1.88, 95% confidence interval 1.01-3.51, 0.046). Conclusions Intravenous iron therapy with FCM is associated with early reductions in PVS and weight, implying that decongestion might be one mechanism via which iron repletion aids CHF patients. Calculated PVS is of prognostic utility in this cohort

Assessment of disease mechanisms and compression treatment in venous disease

Compression of the lower limb is important in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis. The mechanism by which compression treatment works remains poorly understood. The aims of this work were to use non-invasive techniques to assess disease mechanisms and examine the effects of compression in patients with venous disease. 177 subjects (comprising patients with venous disease and normal control subjects) were entered into seven studies. In the first phase (Studies I -V), laser Doppler fluxmetry was used to examine the characteristics of skin blood flow and the effects of leg elevation and leg compression. The results showed that patients with chronic venous insufficiency have increased blood flow in liposclerotic skin due to an increase in the volume, rather than speed, of blood cells in the skin. Both leg compression and leg elevation increased the microcirculatory blood cell velocity in the supramalleolar region; this may be part of the mechanism by which leg compression and leg elevation are beneficial in the treatment of patients with venous ulceration. In contrast to the supramalleolar region, the heel microcirculation is vulnerable to compression. Lying on a conventional hospital bed reduced the laser Doppler flux signal to a minimal value while using a low air-loss support system maintained the interface pressure sufficiently low to prevent complete cessation of the heel microcirculation. The second phase of the work (studies VI and VII) was concerned with compression in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis. Strain gauge plethysmography (SGP) and colour duplex ultrasound imaging were used to study the haemodynamic effects of intermittent pneumatic compression and graduated compression (TED) stockings. The results indicated there was a haemodynamic advantage in the use of sequential intermittent compression compared to uniform single-chamber calf compression. The results also indicated a haemodynamic advantage in the combined use of TED stockings and intermittent pneumatic compression of the foot compared to using either of the two methods alone

Aneurysmal rupture of the costo-cervical trunk in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1: A case report

AbstractINTRODUCTIONRupture of blood vessels associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a rare but life threatening complication. We report the first case of an aneurysmal rupture from the costocervical trunk in a NF-1 patient treated by endovascular embolisation.PRESENTATION OF CASEA 43 year-old gentleman with a past medical history of NF-1 presented with sudden onset left sided neck swelling. A computed tomography (CT) revealed a large cervical haematoma, which was causing airway compromise, requiring the patient to be intubated. Percutaneous embolisation of the bleeding vessel from the costo-cervical trunk was performed with successful haemostasis and no immediate complications. A repeat CT scan showed a reduction in the original cervical haematoma. However, six days post embolisation, the patient arrested with complete whiteout of the left hemithorax.DISCUSSIONCT angiography is the gold standard for diagnosis of an aneurysmal rupture in NF-1 patients, and percutaneous embolisation is the preferred modality in patients who are haemodynamically stable due to arterial fragility and high intra operative mortality rates. The increasing haemothorax could be explained by the original cervical haematoma draining down into the pleural space, or the possibility of a new second bleed.CONCLUSIONThis is the first reported episode of bleeding from the costocervical trunk in NF-1 patients. Ruptured aneurysms require urgent CT angiography, if haemodynamically stable, and further input from the vascular surgeons and vascular radiologists