INFLUENCE OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCE ON THE SOFT BOTTOM MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITY OF THE CAMPECHE BANK, MEXICO

The structure of macrobenthic communities was investigated in carbonate and transitional carbonate-terrigenous sediments of the Southern Gulf of Mexico (Campeche Bank). The aim was to assess the influence of natural disturbance represented by winter storms and river runoff and the putative influence of oil-related activities using a regional approach. At a scale of > 100 km community composition of benthic macroinfauna was characterised as distinct assemblages within the carbonate and transitional sedimentary provinces controlled by natural disturbance. The carbonate assemblage was numerous and diverse influenced by a heterogeneous substratum. Winter storms had a severe impact with mortality probably resulting from abrasion and passive transport causing low values of number of taxa, abundance, biomass and diversity measurements. Conversely, on the transitional shelf a sequence of disturbance from river runoff and winter storms resulted in a general impoverished community due to fine sedimentation and sediment instability. Immediately after the rainy season, values of biological measures were low, but the severity of disturbance was contingent with depth. At a scale of 10s km within the transitional shelf, the combined effect from natural and anthropogenic disturbance caused extremely low values of biological measures within the so called oil exclusion zone. Despite the lack of adequate controls the effects of oil related activities were identified as severe reductions in macroinfauna densities and biomass resulting in a very simple community. Large spatial variability at this scale masks the temporal variation observed in other areas of the Campeche Bank and the relationship between biological measures and indicators of oil activities (Barium, Nickel and oil-hydrocarbons). Finally the increased variability resulting from the influence of oil activities interrupts the natural gradient of macroinfauna patterns across the shelf.Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN unidad Merida, Mexico and Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologi'a UNAM, Mexic

Efecto mediacional de la conciencia plena entre el tiempo de tratamiento en terapia dialéctica conductual y la desregulación emocional en personas con trastorno límite de personalidad de Lima Metropolitana

El trastorno límite de personalidad (TLP) es una patología compleja que afecta al 2% de la población mundial. La conciencia plena es una habilidad central dentro de la terapia dialéctica conductual (TDC) que posee evidencia científica para tratar este diagnóstico. Este estudio transversal tuvo como objetivo analizar el efecto mediacional de la conciencia plena entre el tiempo de tratamiento en TDC y la desregulación emocional en personas con TLP de 18 a 50 años residentes de Lima Metropolitana. Como paso previo, se realizó una adaptación lingüística de la Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional (DERS) y se encontraron evidencias de validez relacionadas a la estructura interna, contenido y relación con otras variables en una muestra de 367 adultos entre 18 a 50 años (M = 26.35, DE = 6.68, 61.8% mujeres). Seguido de esto, se evaluaron a 68 personas diagnosticadas con TLP (M = 25.51, DE = 6.64, 82.35% mujeres) con el Cuestionario de las Cinco Facetas de Mindfulness (FFMQ) y el DERS. El tiempo de tratamiento se recogió mediante la ficha sociodemográfica. No se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el tiempo de tratamiento y desregulación emocional; por ello, no se pudo realizar el análisis mediacional. Sin embargo, se encontraron asociaciones negativas estadísticamente significativas entre desregulación emocional y conciencia plena, así como, una correlación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre tiempo de tratamiento en TDC y el factor Ausencia de reactividad (perteneciente al FFMQ). Serán necesarios estudios adicionales para explorar las posibles variables que medien los resultados del tratamiento.Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex pathology that affects 2% of the world’s population. Mindfulness is a central skill within dialectic behavioral therapy (DBT) that has scientific evidence to treat this diagnosis. This cross-sectional study aimed at analyzing the mediational effect of mindfulness between the time of the treatment in DBT and emotional dysregulation in people diagnosed with BPD aged between 18 and 50 from Lima Metropolitana. As a previous step, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) was adapted linguistically, and evidences of validity associated to the internal structure, the content and the relationship between other variables were obtained in a sample of 367 adults whose ages range between 18 and 50 years (M = 26.35, SD = 6.68, 61.8% women). Followed by this, 68 individuals diagnosed with BPD (M = 25.51, SD = 6.64, 82.35% women) were assessed using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Time of treatment in DBT was collected using a sociodemographic record. Mediational analysis couldn’t be processed, because the findings didn’t reveal a significant statistical correlation between the time of treatment and emotional dysregulation. However, a negative significant statistical association between emotional dysregulation and mindfulness was found, as well as a positive significant statistical association between time of treatment in DBT and the Non react facet (belonging to the FFMQ). Further experimental studies are needed to explore the possible variables that mediate the results of the treatment

Impuestos a la renta en los intercambios con criptomonedas

El presente trabajo aborda la aplicación de los impuestos a la renta que pueden gravar en Chile al intercambio o permuta de criptomonedas, sea por otro bien o servicio distinto a las primeras o por el swap de criptomonedas, entendiendo por esto último la entrega de una criptomoneda por otra. Ante la ausencia de pronunciamientos del SII para intercambios con criptomonedas se revisará como esta figura jurídica ha sido abordada por las autoridades tributarias de Canadá, Reino Unido, Estados Unidos y España, así como también aspectos legales y tributarios de leyes chilenas que deberían ser aplicados a estos actos jurídicosVersión original del auto

Fatores que interferem na tomada de decisão frente à escassez de recursos

Este é um estudo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa utilizando por estratégia a técnica da narrativa com 25 profissionais de saúde, com o objetivo de descrever os fatores que interferem diretamente na tomada de decisão frente à escassez de recursos. O estudo identificou que os processos de gestão, a cultura organizacional, a não compreensão por parte dos profissionais sobre a abrangência de atuação da Unidade de Pronto Atendimento, sentimentos de impotência, falta de empoderamento e desconforto na prática profissional interfere na tomada de decisão. Conclui-se então que é necessário intervir por meio da capacitação profissional, melhorias no processo de gestão e acompanhamento em saúde para este profissional.This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach using the narrative technique strategy with 25 health professionals, aiming to describe the factors that directly interfere in decision making in the face of resource scarcity. The study identified that the management processes, the organizational culture, the professionals' lack of understanding about the scope of the Emergency Care Unit, feelings of helplessness, lack of empowerment and discomfort in professional practice interfere with decision making. It is concluded that it is necessary to intervene through professional training, improvements in the management process and health monitoring for this professional.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológic

Factors Associated With Intensification of Oral Diabetes Medications in Primary Care Provider-Patient Dyads: A Cohort Study

OBJECTIVE—Although suboptimal glycemic control is known to be common in diabetic adults, few studies have evaluated factors at the level of the physician-patient encounter. Our objective was to identify novel visit-based factors associated with intensification of oral diabetes medications in diabetic adults

On the pulmonary toxicity of oxygen. 4. The thyroid arena

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Experimental and Molecular Pathology 92 (2012): 140-154, doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.11.006.Normally developed thyroid function is critical to the transition from fetal to neonatal life with the onset of independent thermoregulation, the most conspicuous of the many ways in which thyroid secretions act throughout the body. A role for thyroid secretions in growth and maturation of the lungs as part of the preparation for the onset of breathing has been recognized for some time but how this contributes to tissue and cell processes and defenses under the duress of respiratory distress has not been well examined. Extensive archival autopsy material was searched for thyroid and adrenal weights, first by gestational age, and then for changes during the first hours after birth as ratios to body weight. After a gestational age of 22 weeks the fetal thyroid and adrenal glands at autopsy in those with hyaline membrane disease are persistently half the size of those in "normal" infants dying with other disorders. When the thyroid is examined shortly after birth it reveals a post natal loss of mass per body weight of similar orders of magnitude which does not occur in the control group. A clinical sample of premature infants with (12) and without (14) hyaline membrane disease was tested for T4, TSH, TBG, and total serum protein. The results also demonstrate a special subset with lower birth weights at the same gestational age, and lower serum T4 and total serum protein. Ventilatory distress in newborn rabbits was induced by bilateral cervical vagotomy at 24 hours post natal following earlier injection of thyroxine (T4) or thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and comparisons were made with untreated animals and by dose. Early life thyroidectomy was performed followed by exposure to either air or 100% oxygen. A final experiment in air was vagotomy after thyroidectomy. Composite analysis of these methods indicates that thyroid factors are both operative and important in the newborn animal with ventilatory distress. This work and the archival data indicate those infants destined to develop hyaline membrane disease through respiratory distress are a distinct developmental and clinical subset with the point of departure from otherwise normal development and maturation in the second or early third trimester. This interval is known to be a period of marked variation in the overview indicators of fetal progress through gestational time. The initiating factor or circumstance which then separates this special subset from normal future development is placed by these observations firmly into the period when human fetal TSH dramatically rises 7-fold (17.5-25.5 weeks) followed by a lesser 3 to 4 fold increase in T4 which is extended into the early third trimester. The earlier part of this interval is characterized by the thyrotrophic action of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The possibility that abnormalities in the intrauterine environment secondary to maternal infection play a role within this time frame is indicated by the demonstration that interleukin-2 (IL-2) induces an anterior pituitary release of TSH. Since IL-2 has this property and is not an acute phase cytokine, some form of chronic infection or an immunopathic process seems more likely as a possible active factor in pathogenesis.The work in this report was performed under a grant to the University of Chicago from the John A. Hartford Foundation

A student participation assessment scheme for effective teaching and learning

In this paper a systematic and well-defined student participation assessment scheme for college courses is proposed. The scheme supports the involvement of students in a variety of areas of participation within and outside the classroom with the aim of improving their learning. The scheme addresses mostly the challenges related to the practicality of the structure and design of the assessment. It also addresses the subjectivity of grading student participations. Areas of participation are widened to allow the faculty more accurate information about the conduct of each individual student towards more objective assessment. In addition, it provides the faculty with the flexibility to select areas that best fit the learning outcomes, nature of the course, availability of time and resources, and class atmosphere. The proposed scheme is initiated and developed using feedback from the teaching staff of Nizwa College of Technology, (NCT) through a survey and open discussion. The results indicate that over two thirds of the surveyed staff show agreement with the concept of assessing participation and find the scheme design clear and systematic, while 82% of them perceive the scheme as effective in improving the motivation and learning of students.</jats:p

Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en trabajadoras premenopáusicas y postmenopáusicas del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen

Introducción: El Síndrome Metabólico (SM) es un conjunto de factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociados con resistencia a la insulina. Durante la postmenopausia se producen cambios metabólicos relacionados a este síndrome. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del SM en las mujeres pre y postmenopáusicas que acudieron al Servicio de Salud Ocupacional (SSO) del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenar Irigoyen durante el período entre el 01 de Febrero 2004 y el 31 de Enero 2005. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de corte transversal. Se recolectó datos de las historias clínicas de 190 mujeres, 110 premenopáusicas y 80 postmenopáusicas, que acudieron al SSO del HNGAI desde el 01 de Febrero 2004 hasta el 31 de Enero 2005, con una edad media de 44.56 ± 3.39 años (40-52 años) y 50.49 ± 4.022 años (40 a 59). Se estimó la prevalencia de SM y sus componentes en ambos grupos de acuerdo a la definición del National Colesterol Education Program Adult Tratment Panel III, calculando intervalos de confianza al 95%. Para La comparación de variables cualitativas se empleó la prueba x2 y para las cuantitativas la prueba t de Student (a = 0.05). Resultados: La prevalencia global de SM fue de 15.79 %, 22.5 % en postmenopáusicas (IC 95%: 13.35-31.65) y 10.9 % en premenopáusicas (IC 95%: 5.08-16.72), p = 0.031. La obesidad abdominal, (37.5% vs. 22.7%, p = 0.027) y el nivel de TG ³ 150 mg/dl (42.5% vs. 25.5%, p = 0.027) presentaron una prevalencia significativamente mayor en el grupo de postmenopáusicas. No se halló diferencia significativa en la prevalencia del resto de componentes. Los niveles medios de colesterol total, triglicéridos y LDLc fueron significativamente mayores y el HDLc menor en el grupo de postmenopáusicas. La prevalencia de SM se asoció al IMC. La alteración más frecuente en ambos grupos fue el nivel bajo de colesterol HDL. Conclusión: La prevalencia de Síndrome Metabólico es mayor en las mujeres postmenopáusicas, en comparación con las premenopáusicas, a expensas de una mayor frecuencia de obesidad abdominal e hipertrigliceridemia, siendo la alteración más frecuente el HDLc bajo. PALABRAS CLAVE: Síndrome metabólico; Síndrome de resistencia a la insulina; Menopausia; Riesgo cardiovascular.Tesis de segunda especialida

Perspectivas e implicaciones de la Primavera Árabe en el turismo de Canarias

El desarrollo del sector turístico de sol y playa en los países MENA, o lo que es lo mismo las regiones pertenecientes el norte de áfrica y Medio Oriente, además de Turquía, ha comenzado a preocupar a los principales destinos turísticos, entre ellos Canarias. Tras los conflictos de la Primavera Árabe, las cifras en llegadas de turistas internacionales apuntan a una fuerte recuperación y continuo desarrollo de estos destinos. El mayor potencial de los países emergentes es su actualizada planta hotelera, su buena relación calidad-precio y el amplio patrimonio cultural que poseen. Los operadores turísticos tienen un gran papel en esta recuperación ya que promocionan y distribuyen el grosso de la llegada de turistas a cada uno de los emplazamientos. La finalidad este proyecto es establecer y detallar la competencia que estos países plantean al sector turístico español y concretamente el caso de Canarias.The development of the sun and beach tourism sector in the MENA’s countries, or in others words, the regions belonging to North Africa and the Middle East, as well as Turkey, has begun to concern the main tourist destinations, including the Canary Islands. Following the conflicts of the Arab Spring, the figures for international tourist arrivals point to a strong recovery and continued development of these destinations. The greatest potential of the emerging countries is their updated hotels, their good relation quality-price and their extensive cultural heritage. The tour operators play a major role in this recovery by promoting and distributing tourist arrivals at each of the sites. The aim of this project is to establish and detail the competition that these countries have for the Spanish tourism sector and specifically for the Canary Islands

Análisis de los errores de traducción en el doblaje al español latino de la serie Breaking Bad

Objetivo: Identificar los errores de traducción que se presentaron en el primer capítulo de la serie estadounidense Breaking Bad del inglés al español latino. Metodología: Investigación descriptiva. El corpus genérico fue la serie que tiene como título Breaking Bad, en su versión original como la doblada al español latino. El corpus específico estuvo constituido por 39 muestras. Los datos obtenidos en las fichas de recolección de datos fueron procesados mediante el software SPSS Statistics versión 25. Resultados: Se identificaron cinco tipos de errores de traducción debido a la mala interpretación del texto de partida. Conclusiones: Se mostraron el valor porcentual de cada tipología de error de traducción encontrado en el doblaje de la serie al español latino. Se produjeron los errores de traducción debido a la mala apreciación del texto origen; así como, la falta de sentido por la falta de conocimiento de la lengua, el tema y la cultura de ambas lenguas, de partida y de llegada. Recomendaciones: Se recomienda realizar mayor comprensión al texto de partida de tal manera que el sentido se plasme en el texto de llegada. Asimismo, se sugiere que el traductor contenga competencias que lo ayude a realizar una mejor calidad de traducción. Finalmente, que se debe efectuar investigaciones más amplias que guarden relación con la traducción audiovisual, como la implementación del mismo en el plan curricular de las universidades del país.Tesi