Global voneinander lernen: Was hat die Bioethik mit dem Entwicklungsgefälle zu tun ?

Was hat Bioethik mit dem Entwicklungsgefälle zu tun? Die sozialethische Antwort gibt Markus Zimmermann-Acklin

Terahertz Imaging Platform to Characterize the Growth of In-Vitro Breast Tumors

This study aimed at evaluating the ideal plating method and density for imaging with the terahertz (THz) spectrometer. In this study, different methods were used to grow in-vitro tumors using the 4T1 cell line. Here, attempts to grow breast tumors in-vitro were conducted. Results were produced in two environments, flat-bottomed plates and round-bottomed multiwell plates. The second method allowed for faster clumping and increased cell aggregation, producing tumors up to 7mm. Terahertz spectroscopy produced images that correlated well to photomicrographs taken of the in-vitro tumors. This methodology shows great promise for providing a reliable, parameter-controlled source of in-vitro breast tumors for research needs on breast tumor margins

Gastric necrosis complicating lately a Nissen fundoplication: Report of a case

Background: Gastric necrosis after Nissen fundoplication is a rare and life-threatening complication described in paediatric surgery and in some experimental models. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate therapy of acute gastric dilatation is mandatory to avoid potentially fatal gastric necrosis. Case report: This case report is the first one to describe a gastric necrosis in an adult as a late and very severe complication after Nissen fundoplication. Gastric dilatation and subsequent necrosis occurred 14years after Nissen fundoplication because of small bowel obstruction based on adhesions. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment of gastric dilatation after Nissen fundoplication are essential to prevent from severe secondary complications but can be difficult to establish because of atypical symptom

PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO CONGREGATE CARE AND FOSTER YOUTH OUTCOMES

Long-term exposure to congregate care settings can place foster children at greater risk for negative life outcomes in adulthood such as homelessness, incarceration, and substance use. The significance of this quantitative study is found in the benefits to both the micro and macro fields of social work as well as the practical applications to child welfare practices regarding placing children in congregate care settings. These findings are essential for guiding and improving the already existing child welfare policies and practices regarding the length of stay in congregate care settings as well as providing supportive services to children who are already placed or at risk of being placed in this type of residential setting. This quantitative study uses a descriptive-correlational approach to explore relationship between long-term exposure to congregate care and negative psychosocial outcomes for foster youth such as homelessness, incarceration, and substance use disorders. The hypothesis guiding this study is that long-term exposure to congregate care places foster children at greater risk for certain adverse life outcomes. Secondary data was obtained from national databases which includes the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) as well as the Mental Health Service Use of Youth Leaving Foster Care (Voyages), 2001-2003

New Englanders Bake Beans for 10 Hours

Yes, the large restaurants and hotels serve almost the same food all over the country. But what do the ordinary people (the butchers, bakers and candlestick makers) eat in Maine, Utah, or Mississippi

Cognitive bias and learning from experience: Reflective processes for reducing bias

While heuristic processing is often useful for quickly ascertaining information in everyday situations, it can lead to inaccuracies when task demands become complex and more systematic processing is required. These inaccuracies are often the result of confirmation bias, in which information that is consistent with our beliefs is noted at the expense of disconfirming evidence. The current decision making literature suggests that highlighting disconfirming evidence – termed negative feedback - might work to engage deliberate, systematic cognitive processes that lead to more accurate information acquisition. Using a probabilistic learning task where feedback is not consistently accurate (Matchmaker), the first experiment in this study will attempt to overcome confirmation bias by encouraging initial hypotheses to be considered from confirming and disconfirming vantages. It is proposed that errors resulting from bias will thus be made more salient and the testing of alternative solutions will be encouraged, resulting in greater accuracy. A second experiment will explore the cognitive processes involved in bias strengthening and determine if warnings of feedback error alter the way in which information is interpreted