Initial lists of AMMA-2050 user-relevant climate metrics

AMMA-2050 (African Monsoon Multi-disciplinary Analysis 2050) will improve understanding of how the West African monsoon will be affected by climate change in the coming decades – and help West African societies prepare and adapt

Ruthenacycles and Iridacycles as Catalysts for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation and Racemisation

Ruthenacycles, which are easily prepared in a single step by reaction between enantiopure aromatic amines and [Ru(arene)Cl2]2 in the presence of NaOH and KPF6, are very good asymmetric transfer hydrogenation catalysts. A range of aromatic ketones were reduced using isopropanol in good yields with ee’s up to 98%. Iridacycles, which are prepared in similar fashion from [IrCp*Cl2]2 are excellent catalysts for the racemisation of secondary alcohols and chlorohydrins at room temperature. This allowed the development of a new dynamic kinetic resolution of chlorohydrins to the enantiopure epoxides in up to 90% yield and 98% enantiomeric excess (ee) using a mutant of the enzyme Haloalcohol dehalogenase C and an iridacycle as racemisation catalyst.

Relationshift: Transnational Spousal Communication In The Age Of New Media

This study takes a look at returning OFWs (Overseas Filipino Workers) from labor migration and their overall communication with their left-behind spouses. Aside from the migrant spouse’s return, the study also takes a look at how the shift from mediated to face-to-face communication becomes a factor that affects the relationship between the spouses. This study also investigates labor migration in the Philippines, how labor migration affects power relations between spouses, and the role of a migrating parent to a child. The lack in studies focusing on the interpersonal communication between a returning migrant spouse and left-behind spouse is addressed. More importantly, this study looks at how interpersonal communication is affected by the mediated communication of spouses prior to the return of the migrating spouse

Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study

BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as VT of 8 ml kg-1 or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A VT was deemed 'default' if the set VT was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation.RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default VT was often set, both in women and men; mode VT was 500 ml. Median [IQR] VT was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg-1 PBW, P < 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P < 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients' height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default VT.CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher VT than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223

Techniques for nutrient recovery from manure and slurry

BioRefin

Modification de la composition en acide biliaire de la bile cholédocienne chez les patients sous nutrition parentérale au long cours (à propos de 8 cas)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Analgésie opiacée per opératoire en chirurgie ambulatoire (comparaison sufentanil-rémifentanil en chirurgie pour avulsion de dents de sagesse)

L'objectif de l'étude était de démontrer que le rémifentanil administré en per opératoire au cours d'une AG pour avulsion de dents de sagesse entraînait une surconsommation de morphine en SSPI. Il s'agissait d'une étude contrôlée randomisée en double aveugle monocentrique portant sur l'analgésie opiacée per opératoire comparant le rémifentanil et le sufentanil en AIVOC. Après autorisation du CPP, 60 patients ont été inclus. Les 2 groupes étaient homogènes en termes de données démographiques et per opératoires. La différence était significative sur le critère principal qui était la consommation de morphine intraveineuse en SSPI (6 mg contre 3). Le délai d'extubation était plus court avec le rémifentanil (17 minutes contre 26, p=0,0001). Dans les 2 groupes l'obtention d'une analgésie identique a été constatée bien que les scores de douleur aient été en moyenne plus élevés dans le groupe "rémifentanil" lors de la première heure post extubation (p=0,007) pouvant expliquer un taux d'agitation au réveil plus important (20% contre 10%, NS). Les propriétés pharmacocinétiques du produit expliquent ces résultats. Le groupe "sufentanil" a été marqué par un recours aux antalgiques dans le service et au domicile plus important qui peut être lié à une hyperalgésie induite par l'opiacé, la dose totale de morphine consommée étant plus importante dans le groupe "sufentanil" (19,1 mg contre 17,9). Le manque de puissance de l'étude ne nous permet pas de conclure. Le sufentanil était moins bien toléré sans atteindre le seuil de significativité : bradypnée en SSPI, effets indésirables au domicile. C'est explicable par la pharmacocinétique du sufentanil. Une évaluation médico-économique pourrait être intéressante pour éventuellement influencer le choix de l'anesthésiste.CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocSudocFranceF

GenoPopTaille. Moving stock assessment into the future

At the ecosystem level, sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources depends not only on the status of target species but also on that of bycatch species, some of which are even more sensitive to exploitation. This is the case for a number of elasmobranchs (skates, rays and sharks) species whose abundance declined during the 20th century. Further, the biology of elamobranchs is still poorly known and traditional fisheries stock assessment methods using fisheries catches and scientific survey data for estimating abundance are expensive or even inapplicable due to the small numbers observed. The GenoPopTaille project attempts to apply to the case of the thornback ray (Raja clavata) recent genetic-based methods for absolute population abundance estimation as well as characterizing its genetic diversity and population structure in the Northeast Atlantic. The poster will present the objectives, challenges and progress made so far by the project