Fisheries rehabilitation in post-tsunami Aceh: Status and needs from participatory appraisals

The widespread and long-term nature of the tsunami damage in Aceh province, Indonesia has threatened the continued use of coastal and fisheries resources. This article describes the application of the Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Management System (RAFMS) methodology and presents key findings from the participatory appraisals in 15 study sites. The focus is on changes in the number and types of fishing boats and fishing effort, consumption and marketing flow patterns and community perspectives on livelihood options. The level of aid (for new boats), mainly from international organizations, has been unevenly distributed with the number of boats in 13 of 15 villages still being well below the pre-tsunami levels. A focus on supplying small vessels may put increased fishing pressure on the near-shore zone. Consumption data and marketing flows suggest that most fishing villages are supplying outside markets and adding considerably to the wider food security of the province. Despite the tsunami, marine fisheries-related livelihoods are still preferred, although there are indications for the potential expansion of livelihoods into the culture of new species. Alternative resource-based livelihoods need to be tested and refined to fit the needs of the current conditions in Aceh to provide viable options for eliminating hunger and reducing poverty

Fisheries rehabilitation in post-tsunami Aceh: Status and needs from participatory appraisals

The widespread and long-term nature of the tsunami damage in Aceh province, Indonesia has threatened the continued use of coastal and fisheries resources. This article describes the application of the Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Management System (RAFMS) methodology and presents key findings from the participatory appraisals in 15 study sites. The focus is on changes in the number and types of fishing boats and fishing effort, consumption and marketing flow patterns and community perspectives on livelihood options. The level of aid (for new boats), mainly from international organizations, has been unevenly distributed with the number of boats in 13 of 15 villages still being well below the pre-tsunami levels. A focus on supplying small vessels may put increased fishing pressure on the near-shore zone. Consumption data and marketing flows suggest that most fishing villages are supplying outside markets and adding considerably to the wider food security of the province. Despite the tsunami, marine fisheries-related livelihoods are still preferred, although there are indications for the potential expansion of livelihoods into the culture of new species. Alternative resource-based livelihoods need to be tested and refined to fit the needs of the current conditions in Aceh to provide viable options for eliminating hunger and reducing poverty.Disaster, Tsunami

Interseksi Budaya Dan Peradaban Negara-negara Di Samudra Hindia: Perspektif Indonesia

Tulisan ini membahas interseksi budaya, termasuk peradaban bangsa-bangsa yang terhubung dengan Samudra Hindia dari perspektif Indonesia. Paparan berfokus pada tiga isu, yakni (1) sejarah pelayaran yang dilihat sebagai proses interaksi yang melibatkan socio-cultural exchange di antara pihak yang terlibat; (2) produk dari interaksi yang difasilitasi oleh aktivitas pelayaran; dan 3) diaspora berbagai bangsa di negara-negara dalam lingkup Samudra Hindia. Makalah ini menunjukkan bahwa berbagai suku bangsa di Indonesia sudah ribuan tahun terlibat aktif sebagai host, yakni pihak yang dikunjungi. Juga sebagai tamu (visitor) dari dan ke berbagai negara di tepi Samudra Hindia, baik ke arah timur (India, Afrika, dan Arab) maupun utara (negara-negara ASEAN) dan selatan (Benua Australia). Sebagai hasil dari proses interaksi yang lama dan intensif itu, terjadilah saling adopsi—dengan kontekstualisasi— elemen-elemen kebudayaan, termasuk peradaban di antara bangsa-bangsa itu. Bahasa, agama, struktur sosial, monumen-monumen kuno, seperti candi dan masjid adalah produk dari pertukaran dan adopsi itu. Diaspora berbagai suku bangsa Indonesia di negara-negara tepian Samudra Hindia, juga sebaliknya, diaspora bangsa-bangsa lain di Indonesia, adalah wujud lain dari silang budaya ini. Berbeda dengan saling adopsi elemen-elemen budaya yang terjadi pada masa lalu, diaspora berlangsung sampai sekarang. Hal itu ditunjukkan oleh interaksi antara kelompokkelompok diaspora itu, baik dengan bangsa-bangsa yang menjadi host-nya, maupun dengan bangsa-bangsa mereka sendiri di tanah asalnya

Pemetaan Tata Kelola Interaktif Jasa Provisioning Ekosistem Skala Kecil: Pendekatan Sistem Sosial-Ekologi Di Teluk Jor, Lombok Timur

The utilization of coastal and marine resources in Teluk Jor, East Lombok, faces significant pressures that threaten the sustainability of small-scale ecosystem provisioning services, such as mangroves, seagrass beds, and coral reefs. This study aims to map the social-ecological system (SES) network using the Social-Ecological Network Analysis (SENA) approach based on the Russian Doll Framework. Primary data were obtained through field observations and in-depth interviews with 68 respondents, including fishers, community leaders, fisheries extension officers, and relevant institutions. Secondary data were collected from previous literature reviews. The analysis results indicate that the Local Rule (customary regulations) holds the highest degree centrality (10), followed by ResThreat (ecosystem threats) such as mangrove conversion and destructive fishing practices (9), and HumConFac (human-made infrastructures) including floating net cages, salt ponds, and shrimp ponds (8). Regarding betweenness centrality, the Local Rule occupies the most central position (59.67), followed by HumConFac (49.83), ResThreat (32.67), and EcoQual (ecosystem quality) (24.50). These findings demonstrate that customary institutions play a crucial role in connecting governance actors, while economic activities and ecological threats significantly shape SES network dynamics. This study underscores the need for adaptive governance strategies that integrate collaboration among communities, government, and stakeholders to ensure ecosystem sustainability while supporting the well-being of coastal communities. Pemanfaatan sumber daya pesisir dan laut di Teluk Jor, Lombok Timur, menghadapi tekanan signifikan yang mengancam keberlanjutan jasa provisioning ekosistem skala kecil, seperti mangrove, lamun, dan terumbu karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan jejaring social-ecological system (SES) menggunakan pendekatan social-ecological network analysis (SENA) berbasis Russian Doll Framework. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara mendalam dengan 68 responden, mencakup nelayan, tokoh masyarakat, penyuluh perikanan, serta instansi terkait. Data sekunder dikumpulkan dari kajian literatur sebelumnya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Local Rule (aturan lokal) memiliki nilai degree centrality tertinggi (10), diikuti oleh ResThreat (ancaman ekosistem) seperti konversi mangrove dan praktik perikanan destruktif (9), serta HumConFac (infrastruktur buatan) seperti KJA, tambak garam, dan tambak udang (8). Pada indikator betweenness centrality, Local Rule menempati posisi sentral (59,67), diikuti HumConFac (49,83), ResThreat (32,67), dan EcoQual (kualitas ekosistem) (24,50). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kelembagaan adat memainkan peran penting dalam menghubungkan aktor-aktor tata kelola, sementara aktivitas ekonomi dan ancaman ekologis berperan besar dalam membentuk dinamika jaringan SES. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya strategi tata kelola adaptif yang mengintegrasikan kolaborasi antara masyarakat, pemerintah, dan pemangku kepentingan, guna menjaga keberlanjutan ekosistem sekaligus mendukung kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir.

Kemiskinan dan Strategi Penghidupan Nelayan Kecil di Tanjung Kait, Banten

Nelayan kecil adalah komunitas yang sering dipandang sebagai komunitas miskin. Faktor penyebab kemiskinan pada nelayan kecil bersifat multidimensional. Tidak hanya karena faktor ekologi, faktor pengguasaan aset penghidupan yang tidak merata dapat digunakan untuk memahami kemiskinan pada nelayan kecil. Sebagian besar nelayan kecil masih terperangkap dalam kemiskinan, tetapi ada sebagian kecil dari nelayan kecil yang sukses keluar dari perangkap kemiskinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kemiskinan nelayan kecil serta faktor penyebabnya dan menganalisis strategi penghidupan rumah tangga nelayan kecil untuk keluar dari kemiskinan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan penghidupan berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari hingga Juni 2022 di Kampung Tanjung Kait, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode campuran dengan jenis strategi sequential exploratory. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah wawancara dan survei terhadap nelayan dengan kategori pemilik kapal dan buruh. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analysis interactive mode untuk data kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif untuk pengolahan data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemiskinan di rumah tangga nelayan bersifat tidak permanen dan hanya terjadi pada musim paceklik. Di level kelompok nelayan, isu kepemilikan aset pada cara produksi menentukan keuntungan ekonomi yang didapatkan oleh nelayan kecil. Di level rumah tangga, kesenjangan akses dan perbedaan dalam mengelola aset penghidupan menentukan kemiskinan di rumah tangga nelayan kecil. Beberapa rumah tangga dengan strategi penghidupan melalui diversifikasi pekerjaan dengan pengelolaan aset penghidupan yang baik dapat keluar dari perangkap kemiskinan. Peran kelembagaan serta pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dapat mendukung strategi penghidupan nelayan kecilTitle: Poverty and Livelihood Strategy of Small-Scale Fishers in Tanjung Kait, BantenSmall-scale fishers are community that is often seen as a poor community. The causes of poverty of the small-scale fishers are multidimensional, not only due to ecological factors, the unequal control of livelihood assets can be used in understanding poverty in small-scale fishers. Most of small-scale fishers are still trapped in poverty, but there are a small number of small-scale fishers who managed to get out of poverty trap. This study aims to analyse the poverty of small-scale fishers and its causes and livelihood strategies of small-scale fisher households to get out poverty. The research uses a sustainable livelihood approach.  The research was conducted in January until June 2022 in Tanjung Kait District, Tangerang Regency, Banten. The method used in this research was mixed methods with sequential exploratory strategy. Data collection techniques are in-depth interview and survey to fishing vessel owners and fishing vessel crews. The data analysis method used is interactive analysis mode for qualitative data and descriptive analysis for quantitative data. The result showed that poverty in small-scale fisher households are not permanent and only occurs during the lean season. Ownership of assets in the mode of production determines the economic obtained by small-scale fishers. At the household level, disparities in access and differences in the managing of livelihood assets determine the poverty of small-scale fishers. Several small-scale fisher households with livelihood strategies through job diversification by good management of livelihood assets can get out of the poverty trap. Institutional roles and the use of information and communication technology can support the livelihood strategies of small-scale fishers

Developing sustainable small-scale fisheries livelihoods in Indonesia: Trends, enabling and constraining factors, and future opportunities

Small-scale fisheries (SSF) provide crucial contributions to livelihoods, food and nutrition security, and the well-being of coastal communities worldwide. In Indonesia, 2.5 million households are involved in SSF production, yet these households are characterised by high poverty rates and vulnerability due to declining ecosystem health and climatic change. In this study we applied the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework to analyse the characteristics and immediate and longer-term outcomes of 20 SSF livelihood-focused intervention programs implemented in coastal communities across the Indonesian Archipelago over the last two decades. Projects covered a wide range of spatial scales, funding providers and key participants. Factors supporting positive program outcomes included application of inclusive and holistic approaches to sustainable livelihoods, implemented and supported over appropriate time frames; use of participatory capacity development methodologies and locally-situated project facilitators; and collaborative engagement with local government, non-government organisations and private-sector actors. However, it was impossible to identify evidenced successes from a longer-term sustainability perspective. Short project timeframes, absence of baseline or monitoring data, pressure for satisfactory reports to donors, and limited post-project evaluation, together with invisibility of women’s work and non-commercial exchanges, affected the adequacy of assessments. Given the lack of post-project assessment among projects studied, a thorough review of longer-term project impacts is recommended, guided by the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, to evaluate sustained improvements in livelihoods outcomes and environmental sustainability. This would support best-practice design and implementation of SSF livelihood-focused interventions, disseminated beyond academia, to influence policy and development to achieve socio-economic equity and environmental goals

Mangrove rehabilitation in the west coast of Aceh: issues and perspectives

The condition of mangroves pre- and post- tsunami and the socioeconomic role of mangrove forests in the livelihoods of coastal communities along the west coast of Aceh province, Indonesia are examined. The findings indicate that community livelihoods are significantly linked to the mangrove ecosystem. However, most of the mangrove rehabilitation programs are conservation orientated, aimed primarily at land conservation, and are not necessarily linked with livelihood options for local people or integrated resource management. This is a cause for concern as rehabilitation will only succeed when conservation measures are balanced with local community needs to obtain sustainable benefits from the rehabilitated systems. The rehabilitation efforts do involve the communities to a certain extent, but a more holistic and integrated approach needs to be adopted to ensure better management and sustainability of the rehabilitated mangrove forests

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MINYAK GORENG PENGGUNAAN BERULANG TERHADAP KADAR PARASETAMOL PADA URIN TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN

Latar Belakang: Penggunaan minyak goreng berulang lazim dilakukan, dengan tujuan mengurangi biaya dalam memasak. Minyak goreng yang digunakan berulang akan menyebabkan pembentukan radikal bebas yang dapat menjenuhkan antioksidan endogen, yaitu glutahtion. Parasetamol merupakan obat analgetikantipiretik yang sering dikonsumsi masyarakat. Gluthation mempunyai peran penting dalam metabolisme parasetamol. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh minyak goreng penggorengan berulang terhadap kandungan parasetamol dalam urin tikus wistar. Metode:True experimental dengan post test only control group design. Pengukuran pengaruh penggunaan minyak goreng berulang dilakukan dengan membandingkan presentase kandungan parasetamol pada urin tikus. Setelah diadaptasi dengan diet standar selama 7 hari, 14 ekor tikus wistar jantan dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok K sebagai kelompok kontrol dan kelompok P sebagai kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok K diberi diet standar dan kelompok P diberi diet minyak goreng penggorengan berulang ad libitum selama 56 hari. Pada hari ke-57 semua tikus diberi parasetamol oral 12,5mg/200gramBB. Sampel yang diambil adalah urin tampung 24 jam. Volume urin dicatat. Kadar parasetamol dalam urin diukur dengan spektrofotometri UV pada panjang gelombang 242 nm. Persentase jumlah parasetamol dalam urin didapat dari mengalikan kadar parasetamol dengan volume urin. Hasil: Uji statistik dengan uji t tidak berpasangan menunjukan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05). Persentase jumlah parasetamol kelompok perlakuan lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Dengan rerata sebesar 94,6% pada kelompok perlakuan dan 97,16% pada kelompok kontrol. Simpulan: Minyak goreng penggunaan berulang mempengaruhi metabolisme parasetamol dengan menurunkan persentase parasetamol dalam urin. Kata Kunci: Minyak goreng penggunaan berulang, parasetamol, metabolisme parasetamo