Eine empirische Studie zur Bindungs- und Verhaltensmustern nach einer elterlichen Trennung

Die Arbeit wurde durch ein Promotionsstipendium des Avicenna-Studienwerks gefördert. The work was funded by a doctoral scholarship from the Avicenna Study Centre

The Impact of Topic on Hybrid Forms: The Case of Arabic in Morocco

One of the basic and well-established developments of Arabic diglossia is the notion of continuum, which was proposed by linguists who were critical of Ferguson’s classic model to reflect the existence of more than two varieties between the poles of pure H and pure L. Studies done on spoken Arabic in Morocco (Youssi 1983, 1995, Afkir 2015) or in other Arabic speech communities (Blanc 1960, Badawi 1973, Bassiouney 2006, Mejdell 2006) have all shown that Arabic language variation is to be viewed as a hierarchy of ‘levels’ or ‘varieties’ between the poles of pure H and pure L. The Arabic forms which mix features from both Standard Arabic (SA) and Moroccan Arabic (MA) are referred to as ‘hybrid’, ‘mixed’, and ‘intermediate’ forms. The present study seeks to explore to what extent the variable of topic has an impact on Moroccan speakers’ shifts to these hybrid forms. The data consists of 24 000 words produced in television panel discussions. This type of programs was chosen because it constitutes a semi-formal or ‘hybrid context’ (Eid 2007) where one may expect speakers to move along the diglossic continuum and produce mixed Arabic. The choice of one of the different varieties of Arabic is certainly motivated by shifting value systems attached to them and by their social meaning to the Moroccan speech community. The frequency-based quantitative analysis in this study has revealed that in addition to all these variables that are at play when codes interact, topic stands out as a variable that also predicts a specific form of Arabic. More importantly, hybridity is constrained by the way a given topic fits in the communicative habits of a speech community and should hence be approached within the framework of the socio-cultural context of the latter

El desarrollo histórico y estructural de la radiotelevisión marroquí : 1928-1980

ProQuestDepto. de Periodismo y Comunicación GlobalFac. de Ciencias de la InformaciónTRUEpu

Impact of land instability on road infrastructure in the Southern Central Rif (Case of PK 144 on regional road 408 - Taounate, Morocco)

The study area belongs to the external structural unit of the Moroccan Rif, and more precisely within the southern Central Rif (Mesorif domain), which is considered a transition zone between two major units: the Prérif to the south and the Internal Rif to the north. Indeed, these areas are characterized by a high susceptibility to slope instability, under the influence of several factors, the main ones being: the predominance of soft rocks, rugged terrain with steep slopes, aggressive climate, strong fluvial erosion..., as well as land use practices, deforestation, and road construction. Slope instability negatively affects the populations’ properties, and infrastructure, particularly roads and associated engineering structures (bridges, culverts, etc.). In this study, we will address this issue by presenting a typical case of instability phenomena in the southern Central Rif, on regional road 408 at kilometer point 144, which is affected by surface dynamics and semi-deep erosion combining subsidence and landslide at an average speed of 30.7 cm between 2016 and 2021. In order to achieve the objectives of this work, a scientific methodology has been adopted, based on field research (temporal monitoring of the sliding movement using iron bars), laboratory analyses to determine the soil characteristics, and the use of geotechnical studies that have carried out deep boreholes down to the bedrock

Effect of flavonoïds from Arbutus unedo leaves on rat isolated thoracic aorta

Arbutus unedo (A. unedo) is a medicinal plant commonly used to treat hypertension and diabetes in Oriental Morocco. Our previous studies showed that A. unedo has a vascular, diuretic, natriuretic, antiagregant and antidiabetic properties. Our goal was to show the vascular action of two groups of flavonoids (free and heterosidic flavonoids) extracted from the leaves of A. unedo on the isolated aorta of rat. A. unedo leaves were collected from Tazekka Mountain (Morocco). Two flavonoïds-enriched (Genins and Heterosids) and a third final aqueous fractions were obtained using the soxhlet refluxing apparatus and tested in vitro on a phenylephrine-precontracted aorta. Thin layer chromatography analysis of both flavonoïds-enriched fractions was performed with silica gel on an aluminum support. The determination of total polyphenolic was achieved using Folin-Ciocalteu method and the total content of flavonoids was determined by aluminum chloride method. The genins-enriched fraction induced a moderate contraction of aorta while the aqueous fraction caused an opposite effect. The heterosids-enriched fraction induced two distinct effects, a relaxation followed by a contraction of the same amplitude. All these effects are endotheliumdependent but not depending on each another. Moreover, the determination of total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents and thin layer chromatography analysis confirmed the abundance of these compounds in the studied fractions of A. unedo leaves. In conclusion, the vasorelaxant property of aqueous and heterosidic fractions are partly attributed to the presence of the flavonoids compounds. These results confirm the validity of the traditional use of A. unedo in hypertension treatmen

Análisis de código dañino

Es más que evidente que en la actualidad la tecnología tiene un papel fundamental en nuestras vidas. Con el paso de los años vemos como cada día el avance en materia de tecnología crece a pasos agigantados irrumpiendo en nuestra vida cotidiana hasta el punto de llegar a ser imprescindible. Todos estamos de acuerdo en que estos acontecimientos suponen una gran evolución del ser humano, pero no todo es bonito en el mundo de la informática. A medida que estos desarrollos crecen se multiplican los ataques y los riesgos en la red. Todos deberíamos concienciarnos de los grandes peligros a los que estamos expuesto nosotros, nuestros datos y nuestros equipos … Por eso cualquier medida de seguridad es poca para combatir estos ataques. Nosotros hemos decidido investigar acerca de una herramienta de prevención de infección,que no es de lo más potente pero presenta un rendimiento bastante eficiente. En este trabajo se pretende realizar una tarea de investigación bastante profunda y exhaustiva sobre el mundo de las reglas Yara. En primer lugar tuvimos que documentarnos sobre esta metodología de detección de ataques, para poder entender su funcionamiento, tras este primer paso comprobamos personalmente su funcionamiento y nos encontramos con resultados muy satisfactorios

Cross-language variation in the acceptability of vowelless nonwords

This study examines the acceptability of voweled and vowelless nonwords produced by a native speaker of Tashlhiyt (a Moroccan Amazigh language) across listeners from five different language groups: L1 Tashlhiyt, L1 Tarifit, L1 Moroccan Arabic, L1 English, and L1 Mandarin. The languages vary in the complexity of allowable word types, though only Tashlhiyt allows lexically vowelless word forms. Hyper- and hypo-speech forms of the items were also compared in order to explore the effect of speaking style on listeners’ phonological knowledge. Results show gradient cross-language effects of nonword acceptability: compared to the native Tashlhiyt listeners, L1 Tarifit and L1 Moroccan Arabic listeners did not differ in their wordlike judgments. In contrast, L1 English showed lower and sonority-based wordlikeness preferences; L1 Mandarin listeners provided the lowest ratings of Tashlhiyt nonwords and were not sensitive to sonority variations. In contrast to the language-specific effect of word phonotactics, the role of clear speech in enhancing wordlikeness judgments was equivalent in effect size across language backgrounds

Simulação numérica do comportamento de paredes de cisalhamento de concreto armado em forma de l com aberturas escalonadas

Reinforced concrete shear walls in an L-shape are highly valued in modern architecture for their ability to withstand lateral loads. However, incorporating openings, necessary for functional reasons, can compromise their structural integrity. Our study investigates the effects of offset openings on compression, tension, and shear stresses in these walls, aiming to provide design recommendations. We also analyzed shear forces and top-floor displacements in buildings with various opening configurations through numerical simulations conducted on ten-story structures. The results indicate that shear stresses increase when openings are off-center. Nevertheless, regardless of their position, the optimal proportion of openings is found to be 30% of the shear wall surface.Las paredes de cortante de hormigón armado en forma de L son muy valoradas en la arquitectura moderna por su capacidad para resistir cargas laterales. Sin embargo, la incorporación de aberturas, necesarias por razones funcionales, puede comprometer su integridad estructural. Nuestro estudio investiga los efectos de las aberturas desalineadas en las tensiones de compresión, tracción y cortante en estas paredes, con el objetivo de proporcionar recomendaciones de diseño. También analizamos las fuerzas de cortante y los desplazamientos en la parte superior de edificios con diversas configuraciones de apertura mediante simulaciones numéricas realizadas en estructuras de diez pisos. Los resultados indican que las tensiones de cortante aumentan cuando las aberturas están descentradas. Sin embargo, independientemente de su posición, la proporción óptima de aberturas se encuentra en el 30% de la superficie de la pared de cortante.As paredes de cisalhamento de concreto armado em forma de L são altamente valorizadas na arquitetura moderna por sua capacidade de suportar cargas laterais. No entanto, a incorporação de aberturas, necessárias por razões funcionais, pode comprometer sua integridade estrutural. Nosso estudo investiga os efeitos das aberturas desalinhadas nas tensões de compressão, tração e cisalhamento nessas paredes, com o objetivo de fornecer recomendações de design. Também analisamos as forças de cisalhamento e os deslocamentos no topo de edifícios com várias configurações de abertura por meio de simulações numéricas realizadas em estruturas de dez andares. Os resultados indicam que as tensões de cisalhamento aumentam quando as aberturas estão fora do centro. No entanto, independentemente da sua posição, a proporção ideal de aberturas é de 30% da superfície da parede de cisalhamento

Optimization of DNA Extraction for RAPD and ISSR Analysis of Arbutus unedo L. Leaves

Genetic analysis of plants relies on high yields of pure DNA. For the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo) this represents a great challenge since leaves can accumulate large amounts of polysaccharides, polyphenols and secondary metabolites, which co-purify with DNA. For this specie, standard protocols do not produce efficient yields of high-quality amplifiable DNA. Here, we present for the first time an improved leaf-tissue protocol, based on the standard cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide protocol, which yields large amounts of high-quality amplifiable DNA. Key steps in the optimized protocol are the addition of antioxidant compounds—namely polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) and 2-mercaptoethanol, in the extraction buffer; the increasing of CTAB (3%, w/v) and sodium chloride (2M) concentration; and an extraction with organic solvents (phenol and chloroform) with the incubation of samples on ice. Increasing the temperature for cell lyses to 70 °C also improved both DNA quality and yield. The yield of DNA extracted was 200.0 ± 78.0 μg/μL and the purity, evaluated by the ratio A260/A280, was 1.80 ± 0.021, indicative of minimal levels of contaminating metabolites. The quality of the DNA isolated was confirmed by random amplification polymorphism DNA and by inter-simple sequence repeat amplification, proving that the DNA can be amplified via PCR

Oppositely biased glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism does not differentially affect lipid metabolism in APOE*3-Leiden CETP mice

Aims: [D-3,G(40),K-41.C-16 diacid]exendin-4 (acyl-ExD3) and [F-1,G(40),K-41.C(16 )diacid]exendin-4 (acyl-ExF1) are oppositely biased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists that preferentially promote beta-arrestin recruitment or G protein-induced signalling, respectively. The latter is more favourable in glycaemic control and induces a steeper reduction in body weight in diet-induced obese mice. Here, we compared the effects of G protein-biased agonist acyl-ExF1 to those of beta-arrestin-biased agonist acyl-ExD3 on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidaemic mice. Materials and methods: APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice were treated with saline, acyl-ExD3 or acyl-ExF1 via intraperitoneal injections for 6 weeks or intracerebroventricular infusion for 18 days. Body weight and composition were monitored at regular intervals, as were plasma glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels. At endpoint, mice were injected with very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-like particles containing glycerol tri[3H]oleate to study triglyceride-derived fatty acid uptake by peripheral tissues including brown and white adipose tissue (BAT and WAT). Results: Upon peripheral treatment, body weight gain was prevented and plasma glucose levels were reduced by acyl-ExF1, but circulating lipids were not affected by either acyl-ExF1 or acyl-ExD3. In contrast, central administration of either agonist strongly reduced plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels, but did not affect glucose levels. Acyl-ExD3 and acyl-ExF1 increased [3H]oleate uptake by adipose tissue, reaching statistical significance for the uptake by BAT and WAT, respectively, compared to vehicle treatment. Conclusion: The oppositely biased GLP-1 receptor agonists acyl-ExD3 and acyl-ExF1 do not differentially affect lipid metabolism in APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, while effects on glucose homeostasis and prevention of body weight gain are more pronounced upon peripheral acyl-ExF1 treatment.Metabolic health: pathophysiological trajectories and therap