The socio-economic analysis of small scale fish farmers in Lagos State fish farm estate, Ikorodu, Nigeria

This study was conducted to evaluate the socio-economic analysis of small scale fish farmers in Lagos state fish farming estate in Ikorodu, Nigeria. The primary data were obtained from 60 respondents with structured interview guides and face to face interview, which were selected using simple random sampling techniques. The result revealed that most (88.3%) of the fish farmers are male while (31.40%) are in the active age distribution of 31-40 years, university education (63.0%) and 58.3% were married, 73.4% had a household size that ranged between 3 - 5 persons. Results of the descriptive analyses and tests of significance however showed that there was a significant relationship between socio-economic characteristics and constraint of fish farmers in the estate, there is also a significant relationship between income of fish farmers and constraints of the fish farm enterprise. Implications of these findings were critically-examined, and pertinent recommendations were proffered based on the salient findings in the study

In the COVID-19 era, let’s keep an eye on clinical trials in Africa

Due to the high contagiousness of COVID-19 and the lack of an effective medicine, governments and companies are urging their teams to develop new vaccine and therapy with the noble mission to protect us from COVID-19 and preserve our economic achievements. However, under the current pandemic circumstances, we cannot exclude the possibilities that some scientists violate clinical trials rules and guidelines to accelerate new vaccine and medicine development. Low-income countries, notably Africans, could be preferred as a basis for experimentations on human subjects due to the lack of stringent policies in comparison to their high-income counterparts

Discriminative VS Generative Classification Models : Classify Music Genres In A Spotify Dataset

Under the direction of Dr. Giancarlo Schrementi Music genres are typically categorized based on auditory characteristics, but some genres, such as sleep, chill, ambient, and study music, share striking similarities. This paper aims to provide insights into the mathematical differences underlying genre distinctions. Initial exploratory data analysis is performed on a dataset from Spo- tify that contains numeric measures for tracks across these four genres and statistical differences are noted. Three classification models, a discriminative model (Logistic Re- gression) and two generative models (Linear Discriminant Analysis and Naive Bayes) are trained and then used to predict the genre of novel tracks. All the models are able to distinguish the genres, but have different patterns of error. These modeling results demonstrate that there is a measurable mathematical difference between the genres

Ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì: Deconstructing Cognomen of Money Obsession in Ìjẹ̀bú Oríkì

One of the ways through which Africans exhibit the quality of their past heroes and heroines is panegyric called oríkì in Yorùbá. Oríkì is a lineage or praise poem that habours the history, qualities and characters that becomes the habit of a lineage. While positivity in oríkì is celebrated, the bearers of oríkì also pick strength in the negativity that surface in their oríkì. Excessive and immodest sought for wealth is one of the negative qualities people attribute to Ìjẹ̀bú through their oríkì.  In this study, the Aristotle’s golden mean that is synonymous with one of Yorùbá ethics ìwọ̀ntunwọ̀nsì will be used to appraise Ìjẹ̀bú lineage to justify or reprimand the quest for money as one of the attributes of Ìjẹ̀bú. The primary data for this study will be solely extracted from Ìjẹ̀bú lineage oríkì and will be subjected to Aristotle’s golden mean principle deemed ìwọ̀ntunwọ̀nsì in this study. It is projected that seeking money excessively as indicated in the panegyric of Ìjẹ̀bú contravenes principle of ìwọ̀ntunwọ̀nsì and ọmọlúàbí ethic by extension which Aristotle Golden mean also goes against. Yet, their quest for money is justified giving that geography positions them for wealth creation and they labour for money not at others’ detriment. It is therefore proven in this study that Oríkì does extravagantly present some facts beyond how they tend to be projected because it is silent a bit about how diligent the said lineage is but only concerned about how they amass wealth excessively

STEM Teaching for National Unity, Security, and Development in Nigeria

This Paper is a short discourse on STEM teaching for national unity, adequate security, and national development. It delineates the procedure for developing a good society following the cyclical and continuous process of integrating STEM into the instructional process. It highlights the societal needs of the nation in an era-related pattern as a guide to providing an appropriate education for the citizens. STEM and twenty-first-century education; digital education and entrepreneurial education were discussed. The paper attempts to provide the required inputs of STEM in national development. The issues raised in this presentation are considered the basics for successful STEM teaching for the development of Nigeria if the government has the political willpower to deal with presentation bottlenecks. Keywords: STEM teaching, National security, National development, Tool DOI: 10.7176/JEP/13-36-02 Publication date: December 31st 2022

A review of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

Currently, three phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are available for clinical use in South Africa; sildenafil, vardenafil and tadalafil. The PDE  inhibitors are used in males to treat erectile dysfunction. However, sildenafil is also registered for use in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Newer  studies are investigating the use of these drugs for other conditions, including hypertension, ischaemia or reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure and other peripheral circulatory conditions, e.g. Raynaud’s disease. The article provides a broad overview of the mechanism of action, indications, pharmacokinetics and side-effects of these agents

Pre-Service Teachers’ Awareness and Attitude Toward STEM Education as a Panacea for National Development

The attitude and behaviour of individuals toward national development today would determine how prepared we are for the future and how the environment will respond to us in the future. Hence this study sought to examine pre-service science education teachers’ awareness of STEM education and attitude towards it. The research adopted the descriptive survey of the correlation type, and 400 pre-service teachers were randomly selected for the study. The questionnaire was distributed to 400 pre-service teachers in three colleges of education in Oyo State, Nigeria with 310 duly filled and returned. Mean, Multiple Regression and t-tests were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that pre-service teachers in the colleges of education have a high level of awareness level of STEM education, they also found that the pre-service teachers had favourable attitudes toward STEM education for national development. The study, therefore, recommended among others that the schools where teachers are trained for the future should restructure their curriculum to incorporate STEM education that informs the trainee teachers of the significant roles, they can play in achieving national development through STEM and most importantly promote its knowledge in their classroom. Keywords: Pre-service Science Teachers, STEM Education, Attitude, National Developments DOI: 10.7176/JEP/14-29-05 Publication date:October 31st 2023

Les issues maternelles et néonatales lors de l'accouchement en Ile de France et en Afrique chez les femmes qui ont subi des mutilations sexuelles féminines

The maternal and neonatal outcomes during delivery in France and Africa with circumcised women. The prevalence and the complications of female genital mutilation constitute a worldly health problem. Our study evaluated the impact of place of delivery on maternal and neonatal outcomes with excised women. We led a here and there retrospective study between France and Africa. The place of delivery has no impact on maternal complications with circumcised women type I and II, instead the complications depend on the degree of the mutilation. In France, circumcised women have a specifically adapted management. The new born babies of circumcised women in Africa have a higher risk of perinatal mortality compared to the ones of excised women in France. In case of excision, it is important to realize a medical and psychosocial management of these patients. A big research needs to be done, in order to eliminate side factors and allow solids conclusions.La fréquence et les complications des mutilations sexuelles féminines constituent un enjeu de santé publique mondial. Nous avons donc étudié l'impact du lieu d'accouchement sur l'issue maternelle et néonatale chez une femme mutilée. Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective ici-ailleurs entre la France et l'Afrique. Le lieu d'accouchement ne semble pas influer sur les complications maternelles chez les femmes mutilées type I et II, les complications sont liées davantage à la sévérité de la mutilation. En France, les femmes mutilées bénéficient d'une prise en charge spécifique. Les nouveau-nés de femmes mutilées en Afrique ont un sur-risque de mortalité par rapport à ceux qui naissent de femmes mutilées en France. En cas d'excision, il est nécessaire de réaliser une prise en charge médicale et psychosociale de ces patientes. Il faudrait réaliser une recherche de plus grande ampleur qui permettrait des conclusions plus sures et d'éliminer les facteurs annexes

Comparative Study of Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Levels in Pregnant Women Using Glucometer and Laboratory Glucose Oxidase Methods

Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a medical test utilized mostly to resolve border results involving glucose concentrations. This study is aimed at establishing an existence of relationship of OGTT glucose concentrations between glucose oxidase and glucometer methods. Blood samples were collected from hundred (100) pregnant women with risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus. The glucose concentrations were assayed using glucose oxidase and glucometer methods. The results were analyzed using student t-test and Pearson correlation. The results established a significant increase (P< 0.05) of some of components of OGTT in glucometer method as compared to glucose oxidase method. A correlational study established a correlationship at only the fasting levels of the assay. The findings revealed that results from glucometer seem to be higher when compared to glucose oxidase method. Hence, glucometer should be restricted to only medical screening and not clinical use. Also users of glucometers should be educated on the inaccuracies surrounding the use of glucometer

Premarital Screening of HIV, Haemoglobin Genotype, ABO and Rhesus Blood Group among Intending Couples in Yenagoa, Nigeria

Background Premarital screening is fast gaining ground as a prerequisite for the solemnization of holy matrimony by many faith-based organizations in Nigeria, yet there is no literature on the subject in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Methods One hundred and five (105) premarital heterosexual couples (105 males and105 females) were screened for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), haemoglobin genotypes, and ABO and Rhesus blood groups using standard laboratory procedures. Results The prevalence of HIV in this study was found to be 1.0%. The frequencies of the HbAA (74%), HbAS (24%), HbAC (1.5%), HbSS(0.5%) while that of ABO and Rh blood groups were: group A (21%), B (25%), AB (6.0%), 0 (48%), Rh ‘D’ positive (97%) and Rh ‘D’ negative (3.0%). The distribution of these variables between the sexes was statistically significant (χ2=25.68, p<0.01). The frequencies of the haemoglobin genotype combinations of the intending couples were as follows: HbAA/AA (55%), AA/AS (33%),  AS/AS (8.0%), AA/AC (2.0%), AS/AC(1.0%) and AS/SS (1.0%) . This distribution pattern was also found to be highly statistically significant (χ 2 = 24.459, p < 0.0001). The mean age of the participants was 31.91 ± 4.80years for male and 26.105 ± 4.29 years for female (t = 3.272, p < 0.05). Conclusion This study observed a low prevalence of HIV among the premarital couples and a relatively high frequency of HbAS/AS couples. The ABO and Rh blood groups were found to be stable and consistent with previous reports. For the prevention of hereditary blood diseases, haemolytic disease of the newborn and transmission of HIV to offspring, premarital testing should be encouraged. Keywords: Human immunodeficiency Virus(HIV), Haemoglobin Genotype, ABO And Rhesus Blood Group