Optimal VDC service provisioning in optically interconnected disaggregated data centers

©2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Virtual data center (VDC) is a key service in modern data center (DC) infrastructures. However, the rigid architecture of traditional servers inside DCs may lead to blocking situations when deploying VDC instances. To overcome this problem, the disaggregated DC paradigm is introduced. In this letter, we present an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation to optimally allocate VDC requests on top of an optically interconnected disaggregated DC infrastructure, aiming to quantify the benefits that such an architecture can bring when compared with traditional server-centric DCs. Moreover, a lightweight simulated annealing-based heuristic is provided for the scenarios where the ILP scalability is challenged. The obtained numerical results reveal the substantial benefits yielded by the resource disaggregation paradigm.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

End-to-end 5G service deployment and orchestration in optical networks with QoE guarantees

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other worksThe upcoming 5G deployments will impose stringent requirements. Optical networks control and resource orchestration is set to potentially turn into software-defined approaches in order to address such requirements. As a result, there rises a need for an architectural scheme capable of supporting the different types of services defined for 5G verticals.We present in this paper an architecture enabling end-to-end (E2E) provisioning and monitoring of such 5G services over optical network segments. In particular, the scenario considers the coordination of various optical enabled network segments by a higher level E2E Orchestrator, which provides of network slice deployment and is able to guarantee agreed levels of Quality of Experience (QoE). Moreover, we discuss an example of 5G service provisioning using the proposed architecture to demonstrate its behaviour in front of different network events.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Entre lírica y teatro: tradiciones y confluencias genéricas en la «Égloga de Torino»

Este trabajo estudia una de las primeras obras pastoriles del teatro castellano, la «Égloga de Torino», incluida en la anónima ficción sentimental Question de amor (Valencia, 1513). Partiendo de su lectura detallada y atendiendo especialmente, por un lado, a su construcción dramática y, por otro, a la retórica empleada, se pretende iluminar la encrucijada literaria y cultural en la que se inserta. El análisis estructural y el examen de los diálogos permiten establecer una red de relaciones con las tradiciones literarias y paraliterarias que están detrás de la obrita (incipiente teatro castellano de estirpe enciniana, poesía de cancionero, sociedad y fiesta cortesana), así como discutir otras y plantear el grado de vinculación con la coetánea égloga dramática italiana.This paper is an analysis of «Égloga de Torino,» one of the first Castilian pastoral dramas, which is included in the anonymous novel Question de Amor (Valencia, 1513). Starting with a close reading, and paying special attention to its dramatic structure on the one hand, and to its rhetoric on the other one, we will try to shed some light on the literary and cultural crossroads to which the eclogue belongs. The analysis of both the structure and the dialogue will allow us to establish a link with the literary and paraliterary traditions on which the eclogue stands (the nascent Castilian theatre of Encinian roots, court poetry, pageantry and court entertainment), and also to discuss other works and to study the possible connection with the contemporary tradition of dramatic Italian eclogue

Biodiversidad en la Antártida

A pesar de que el clima de la Antártida tiene características adversas al florecimiento de la vida, en ciertas áreas costeras de ese continente hay una asombrosa riqueza y abundancia de especies tanto vegetales como animales. Punta Cierva (península Antártica) es uno de los sitios con gran diversidad de especies, de interés particular para realizar estudios ecológicos; se incluyen diversos relevamientos de flora y fauna terrestres en el lugar realizados por diferentes investigadores. Es aconsejable definir nuevos sitios de interés científico, similares a Punta Cierva, a fin de a asegurar la preservación de los ecosistemas, apuntando a una estrategia efectiva para conservar la biodiversidad. Al final del artículo de divulgación científica se adjunta pequeño glosario y lecturas sugeridas

Orchestrated SDN-based VDC provisioning over multi-technology optical data centre networks

©2017 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.In this paper, we describe some scenarios and technologies that have been proposed to cope with the requirements of current and next generation data centre infrastructure. In particular, we discuss the extensions that have been implemented at both orchestration and control levels to efficiently manage the data centres resources. We put the focus on the integration between the Orchestrator and the SDN Controller by describing the communication interfaces and their interaction to provision optimized Virtual Data Centres (VDC) instances over novel data centre infrastructure, with special mention to the different solutions adopted to manage multiple optical technologies at the data plane.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

On the experimentation of the novel GCMR multicast routing in a large-scale testbed

Originally defined in the 90s, multicast is nowadays (re)gaining interest given the increasing popularity of multimedia streaming/content traffic and the explosion of cloud services. In fact, multicast yields bandwidth savings complementing cached content distribution techniques and its potential benefits have been verified by studies several times since then (see e.g. [1]). By multicast routing, we refer to a distributed algorithm that, given a group identifier, allows any node to route multicast traffic to a group of destination nodes, usually called multicast group. To enable one-to-many traffic distribution, the multicast routing protocol configures the involved routers to build a (logical) delivery tree between the source and the multicast group, commonly referred to as the Multicast Distribution Tree (MDT). Nevertheless, the scaling problems faced in the 90s still remain mostly unaddressed and worst-case projections predict indeed that routing engines could have to process and maintain in the order of 1 million active routes within the next 5 years [2].This work has been partially funded by the EULER FP7-258307 and DOMINO (TEC2010-18522) projects.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

A fully SDN enabled all-optical architecture for data centre virtualisation with time and space multiplexing

© 2018 [2018 Optical Society of America.]. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited.Virtual Data Centre (VDC) solutions provide an environment that is able to quickly scale-up and where virtual machines and network resources can be quickly added on-demand through self-service procedures. VDC providers must support multiple simultaneous tenants with isolated networks on the same physical substrate. The provider must make efficient use of their available physical resources whilst providing high bandwidth and low-latency connections to tenants with a variety of VDC configurations. This paper utilises state of the art optical network elements to provide high bandwidth optical interconnections and develop an VDC architecture to slice the network and the compute resources dynamically, to efficiently divide the physical network between tenants. We present a Data Centre Virtualisation architecture with an SDN-controlled all-optical data plane combining Optical Circuit Switching (OCS) and Time Shared Optical Network (TSON). Developed network orchestration dynamically translates and provisions VDCs requests onto the optical physical layer. The experimental results show the provisioned bandwidth can be varied by adjusting the number of time slots allocated in the TDM network. These results lead to recommendations for provisioning TDM connections with different performance characteristics. Moreover, application level optical switch reconfiguration time is also evaluated to fully understand the impact on application performance in VDC provision. The experimental demonstration confirmed the developed VDC approach introduces negligible delay and complexity on the network side.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

SDN-based parallel link discovery in optical transport networks

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Montero R, Agraz F, Pagès A, Perelló J, Spadaro S. SDN‐based parallel link discovery in optical transport networks. Trans Emerging Tel Tech. 2018;e3512. https://doi-org.recursos.biblioteca.upc.edu/10.1002/ett.3512, which has been published in final form at https://doi-org.recursos.biblioteca.upc.edu/10.1002/ett.3512. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.The use of optical technologies in modern network scenarios has increased in the last decade, mostly due to their support in crucial networking topics (ie, bandwidth and scalability). In parallel, these scenarios have also experienced the emergence of a new paradigm recognized as software-defined networking (SDN), which bases on the decoupling of forwarding and control functions, with aims to provide a more efficient way to manage network resources compared to legacy networking architectures. As both SDN and optical technologies are constantly being introduced in different networking scenarios (eg, data centers, metro, and access networks), their coexistence becomes a must. In this matter, it is important to notice that SDN was initially designed for electronic-based networks; hence, its support for optical technologies is still at an early stage. Consequently, integration of both solutions still requires research efforts by the community. In this paper, we present a mechanism to address topology discovery in wavelength-switching optical transport networks (OTNs). In particular, we discuss the importance of the topology discovery function and analyse the proposed mechanism, which bases itself on the use of wavelength-specific signaling tones as link-binding data to provide preservice parallel link discovery in OTNs. Furthermore, we validate the method experimentally against an emulated OTN testbed with two different setups and compare the results to our previous work on this subject, achieving substantial reductions in the total topology discovery time.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Semi-Supervised Machine Learning Approaches for Thyroid Disease Prediction and its Integration With the Internet of Everything.

Thyroid disorders are critical conditions that considerably affect a person’s general health, and may lead to additional health complications. Notably, these conditions often remain undetected in individuals who show "normal" results on traditional thyroid function tests. To enhance the diagnostic accuracy for thyroid disorders, such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, this study leveraged digital health records and explored semisupervised learning methods. We intentionally removed the labels from subjects initially categorized as "normal," incorporating them into our dataset as unlabeled data. The goal was to overcome the limitations of conventional diagnostic techniques, which may fail to detect subtle imbalances in thyroid hormones. In pursuit of this objective, we employed a combination of semi-supervised learning methods, namely FixMatch, Co-training, and self-training, in conjunction with supervised learning algorithms, specifically Naive Bayes and logistic regression. Our findings indicate that the FixMatch algorithm surpassed traditional supervised learning methods in various metrics, including accuracy (0.9054), sensitivity (0.9494), negative predictive value (0.9365), and F1 score (0.9146). Additionally, we propose a framework for integrating these diagnostic tools into the Internet of Everything (IoE) to promote early detection and facilitate improved healthcare outcomes. This research highlights the potential of semi-supervised learning techniques in the diagnosis of thyroid disorders and offers a roadmap for harnessing the IoE in healthcare advancement