Studi in Silico Senyawa Turunan Analog Kalkon Dan Pirimidin Sebagai Antiinflamasi: Prediksi Absorpsi, Distribusi, Dan Toksisitas

Kalkon merupakan golongan flavonoid yang mempunyai aktivitas biologis seperti antioksidan, antiinflamasi, dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi profil farmakokinetik (absorpsi dan distribusi) serta toksisitas senyawa turunan analog kalkon dan pirimidin sebagai obat antiinflamasi. Prediksi parameter absorpsi dan distribusi menggunakan perangkat lunak PreADMET® dan sifat toksisitas menggunakan perangkat lunak Toxtree®. Penapisan senyawa berdasarkan kaidah Lipinski menunjukkan bahwa 24 senyawa hasil modifikasi memenuhi kaidah Lipinski, kecuali senyawa 22. Studi prediksi absorpsi dengan parameter HIA (Human Intestinal Absorption) menunjukkan semua senyawa terabsorpsi baik pada usus (70-100%), kecuali senyawa 4, 10, dan 11 moderate absorption (20-70%) dan senyawa 22 kurang terabsorpsi (0-20%). Parameter kemampuan permeabilitas pada sel Caco-2 menunjukkan semua senyawa memiliki kemampuan permeabilitas menengah (4–70%). Sedangkan profil distribusi berdasarkan keterikatan pada protein plasma menunjukkan bahwa semua senyawa terikat lemah pada protein plasma

Formulation and Antibacterial Activity Test of Ethanol Extract Gel of Laruna Root (Chromolaena odorata L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes

Background: The formulation of gel preparations from laruna root extract (Chromolaena odorata L.) has been carried out using Na-CMC base accompanied by physical stability tests of the gel preparations. Objectives: to determine the physical stability of the laruna root extract gel preparation and its good concentration against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. Research method: The physical stability of the gel preparation was determined based on observations of changes in color, odor, shape, pH, uniformity, spreadability, and viscosity before and after storage for 6 cycles at temperatures of 4o C and 40oC. The pH test was carried out using a pH meter and viscosity measurements were carried out using a Brokfield viscometer. Results: The results of the study showed that the laruna root extract gel preparation was declared stable in the homogeneity indicator Results: The results showed that the gel preparation of laruna root extract could be said to be stable on homogeneity parameters where there were no solid particles in the preparation. Stable in good spreading power diameter, i.e. formulas 0, I, II, and III have a diameter of no more than 5-7 cm. For the results of measuring the viscosity of the gel preparation of laruna root extract, it is said to be stable because it is not more than 2000-4000 mPaS. For pH measurement, it is said to be stable because it has a pH in accordance with the quality requirements of skin preparations, which is 4.5-8.0. Conclusion: In the antibacterial activity test, a good clear zone result was obtained at a concentration of 0.3%

Korelasi Antara Kadar Total Flavonoid Dan Fenolik Dari Ekstrak Dan Fraksi Daun Jati Putih (Gmelina Arborea Roxb.) Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan: Correlation Between Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Jati Putih (Gmelina Arborea Roxb.) Leaves Extract and Fraction Toward Antioxidant Activity

This experiment aims to determine the correlation of total phenolic and flavonoid content of jati putih leaves fraction (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) towards Antioxidant activity .  Sample was extracted by maceration method using ethanol 70% to obtain the ethanol extract (EE), followed by liquid-liquid extraction method to obtain fraction of ethyl acetate (EA) and n-Hexane (EH). The phytochemical screening  and determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content were done by colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity were done by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. Phytochemical screening showed positive results for flavonoids, phenolic and saponins.  The largest total phenolic content was found on EA (11,59 µg/ml ± 0,3 %b/b EAG) and the largest total flavonoid content was on EA (3,88 µg/ml ± 0,02 %b/b EK). The total phenolic and flavonoid content of Jati putih leaves has a correlation with antioxidant activity. The coefficient correlation of activity on reducingDPPH radical was 56,7% (total of phenolic content) and 57,8% (total of flavonoid content) and on iron reduction power in FRAP method  was 99,9% (total of phenolics and flavonoids content). The relationship with the activity in reducing radical ABTS obtained coefficient correlation of 57,0% and 58,1% for total phenolic and flavonoids contents, respectively

Pengaruh Fraksi Daun Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) terhadap Fungsi Hati dan Ginjal Tikus Diinduksi Parasetamol

Liver and kidneys play a role in the metabolism and excretion of substances that enter the body, they become targets for toxicity from xenobiotics and other chemicals including drugs. Exogenous antioxidants are needed to overcome and prevent oxidative stress. Fraction of tamarind leaf extract (Tamarindus indica L) has antioxidant activity, it has the potential to protect the body from free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving tamarind leaf fractions on AST, ALT and creatinine levels in rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced with paracetamol. Experimental animals were divided into 4 groups. Group I was given paracetamol induction (negative control), group II was given the ethyl acetate fraction and induced paracetamol, group III was given the n-hexane fraction and induced paracetamol, and group IV was without treatment (positive control). Statistical analysis using One Way Anova test and LSD (Post Hoc) showed that the ethyl acetate fraction was not significantly different (p-value >0.05) with the positive control group and the n-hexane fraction group, but significantly different from the negative control group (p -valu

Penyuluhan Kesehatan Gigi Dan Mulut Siswa Kelas 1-5 Dan Pra Sekolah, Di Sekolah Kebangsaan Seri Makmur, Maran, Pahang, Malaysia

Upaya pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta pembinaan kesehatan gigi terutama pada anak kelompok sekolah dan pra sekolah perlu mendapat perhatian khusus sebab pada usia ini anak sedang menjalani proses tumbuh kembang. Keadaan gigi sebelumnya akan berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kesehatan gigi pada usia dewasa nanti. Melalui program penyuluhan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan menumbuhkan kesadaran akan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut dan dapat berpartisipasi secara aktif dalam meningkatkan upaya pelihara diri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan kepada anak mengenai pentingnya menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penyuluhan video animasi dan model peraga gigi. Dalam kegiatan penyuluhan ini peserta ikut aktif dalam mengikuti instruksi yang diberikan oleh pelatih sehingga kegiatan ini berjalan dengan baik. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyuluhan demonstrasi video dan penyuluhan dengan peraga gigi efektif untuk digunakan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak.Kata Kunci : Kesehatan gigi, Mulut, Penyuluhan, pengetahua

ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF MURBEI (Morus alba L.) STEM EXTRACT ON IN VITRO WiDr CANCER CELLS

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is considered as an important plant in traditional Chinese medicine, due to its various compounds, including phenols and flavanoids, which have antioxidant properties so that it can be a potential anticancer candidate. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and potential anticancer activity in Mulberry stem extract. The extraction was done by maceration using ethanol as the solvent, while antioxidant activity test used ABTS (2,2?-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) method, phenolic content determination used Folin-Ciocalteu reagents, and anticancer activity test used the MTT (3-(4,5- dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difenil tetrazolium bromida) method on WiDr cancer cells and Vero cells. The result of total phenolic Mulberry stem extract was 35.9%, the antioxidant activity value was 83.18 g/mL, the IC50 value for anticancer activity for WiDr cells was 71.24 g/mL and Vero cells IC50 value was 154.241 g/mL. It could be concluded that the Mulberry stem ethanol extract has strong antioxidant activity and has the potential to be an anticancer agent selectively against WiDr cancer cells

Characteristics Of Physical Condition Of Futsal Athletes In Cianjur District

The purpose of this study was to determine the physical condition of futsal athletes in the Provincial Sports Week Qualification Round. The method used is descriptive quantitative with test and measurement techniques. The population consists of 16 Futsal Futsal Athletes in the Qualification Round of the Provincial Sports Week, and will then be used as research samples. The instrument used is a test and measurement of physical condition of Endurance, Power, Agility, Speed ​​and Flexibility. Data analysis using T score. Based on the results of the analysis showed that the profile of physical condition in physical condition was in the good category with a percentage of 94% (15 people), in physical condition in the moderate category with a percentage of 6% (1 person). With an average of 17, the analysis of the physical condition of the BK Cianjur BK futsal athletes in 2021 is in the good category. That the results of the analysis show that the profile of the physical condition of the futsal athlete BK Porda Cianjur Regency in 2021 is in a good category, so the coach advises the player to better maintain physical condition towards preparation for the Qualification Round of the Provincial Sports Week, so that the training program can be adapted to the athlete's physical condition. This requires a lot of programmed training to increase the physical condition of the players

Profil Gen Nat2 Pasien dengan Pemberian Obat Anti Tuberkulosis Menggunakan Metode PCR-RFLP

Tuberkulosis disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis dan pada utamanya diberikan Isoniazid (INH), obat ini dimetabolisme oleh N-asetiltransferase 2 (Nat2) terutama pada fase II. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui profil dari gen Nat2 pada penderita tuberkulosis yang mengkonsumsi obat anti tuberkulosis dengan menggunakan PCR-RFLP. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah pasien tuberkulosis yang diterapi INH, kemudian dilakukan ekstraksi DNA dan PCR dengan primer P1 dan P2. Penentuan profil gen Nat2 berdasarkan hasil visualisasi elektroforesis produk DNA amplifikasi PCR dan RFLP menggunakan enzim restriksi FokI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 sampel penderita TB terdapat 22 sampel yang dapat teramplifikasi gen Nat2 dan 8 sampel yang tidak teramplifikasi oleh gen Nat2 yang berasal dari sampel DBS. Frekuensi alel C282T pada sampel penelitian ini diperoleh alel CT sebanyak 10, dan CC sebanyak 12 sedangkan untuk alel TT tidak ada. Frekuensi alel CC dan CT berhubungan dengan fenotipe asetilator cepat terhadap isoniazid