Assessment of variability and performance of new landraces of small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton)

Even though fourteen improved varieties of small cardamom have been released in India so far, many of the farmers in thetraditional cardamom tracts still use farmer selected landraces as planting material and hence the importance of landraces is notquestionable. Four new landraces of small cardamom identified from Idukki district of Kerala State of India namely Pulari,Pappalu, Kalarikkal Bold and Arjun were evaluated along with Njallani Green Gold (popular landrace) and ICRI-2 (improvedvariety released by Indian Cardamom Research Institute) for growth, yield and quality characters. Eight growth characters, eightyield characters and eleven quality characters were analyzed for the purpose and all of them except two yield characters showedstatistically significant variation indicating the occurrence of significant genotypic difference between these landraces. A comparativeanalysis of overall performance of the four landraces was also carried out and the results showed that Pappalu, Kalarikkal Boldand Pulari performed significantly superior to Njallani Green Gold and ICRI-2, the controls. Pappalu showed 132.22 per centincrease in yield over Njallani Green Gold and 158.02 per cent over ICRI-2. The cumulative performance indices of all the newlandraces were worked out and the landrace Pappalu had the highest performance index of 30.06 followed by Kalarikkal Bold(27.45), Arjun (25.57) and Pulari (24.14). All the four new landraces have been found to be superior to ICRI-2 while Pappalu,Kalarikkal Bold and Pulari showed superiority over Njallani Green Gold, under preliminary evaluation

Insights into Peptide Mediated Antibiofilm Treatment in Chronic Wound: A Bench to Bedside Approach

Chronic wound biofilm infections are a threat to the population with respect to morbidity and mortality. The presence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens in chronic wound renders the action of antibiotics and antibiofilm agents difficult. Therefore an alternative therapy is essential for reducing bacterial biofilm burden. In this scenario, the peptide-based antibiofilm therapy for chronic wound biofilm management seeks more attention. A synthetic peptide with a broad range of antibiofilm activity against preformed and established biofilms, having the ability to kill multispecies bacteria within biofilms and possessing combinatorial activity with other antimicrobial agents, provides significant insights. In this review, we portray the possibilities and difficulties of peptide-mediated treatment in chronic wounds biofilm management and how it can be clinically translated into a product. </jats:sec

Leveraging Clinically Relevant Biometric Constraints To Supervise A Deep Learning Model For The Accurate Caliper Placement To Obtain Sonographic Measurements Of The Fetal Brain

Multiple studies have demonstrated that obtaining standardized fetal brain biometry from mid-trimester ultrasonography (USG) examination is key for the reliable assessment of fetal neurodevelopment and the screening of central nervous system (CNS) anomalies. Obtaining these measurements is highly subjective, expertise-driven, and requires years of training experience, limiting quality prenatal care for all pregnant mothers. In this study, we propose a deep learning (DL) approach to compute 3 key fetal brain biometry from the 2D USG images of the transcerebellar plane (TC) through the accurate and automated caliper placement (2 per biometry) by modeling it as a landmark detection problem. We leveraged clinically relevant biometric constraints (relationship between caliper points) and domain-relevant data augmentation to improve the accuracy of a U-Net DL model (trained/tested on: 596 images, 473 subjects/143 images, 143 subjects). We performed multiple experiments demonstrating the effect of the DL backbone, data augmentation, generalizability and benchmarked against a recent state-of-the-art approach through extensive clinical validation (DL vs. 7 experienced clinicians). For all cases, the mean errors in the placement of the individual caliper points and the computed biometry were comparable to error rates among clinicians. The clinical translation of the proposed framework can assist novice users from low-resource settings in the reliable and standardized assessment of fetal brain sonograms.Comment: Accepted for presentation at 2022 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI

Abstracts of National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental Biotechnology

This book contains the abstracts of the papers presented at the National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental Biotechnology (NCB4EBT-2021) Organized by the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, India held on 29–30 January 2021. This conference is the first of its kind organized by NIT-W which covered an array of interesting topics in biotechnology. This makes it a bit special as it brings together researchers from different disciplines of biotechnology, which in turn will also open new research and cooperation fields for them. Conference Title: National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental BiotechnologyConference Acronym: NCB4EBT-2021Conference Date: 29–30 January 2021Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Indi

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Modern Trends in Engineering Technology and Management

This proceeding contains articles on the various ideas of the academic community presented at The 2nd International Conference on Modern Trends in Engineering Technology and Management (ICMEM 2023) organized by the Sree Narayana Institute of Technology Adoor-691554, Kerala, India on 4th-6th May 2023.  ICMEM 2023 aimed to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas, issues, challenges, discoveries, opportunities, and applications of Modern Trends in Engineering Technology and Management. The ever-changing scope and rapid development of science and technology generate new problems, questions, and curiosity, necessitating the exchange of brilliant ideas and raising awareness of this vital research field in a variety of directions.  Conference Title: 2nd International Conference on Modern Trends in Engineering Technology and ManagementConference Acronyms: ICMEM 2023Conference Date: 4th-6th May 2023Conference Location: Hybrid ModeConference Organizer: SNIT Adoor, Kerala, Indi