A smart voltage and current monitoring system for three phase inverters using an android smartphone application

In this paper, a new smart voltage and current monitoring system (SVCMS) technique is proposed. It monitors a three phase electrical system using an Arduino platform as a microcontroller to read the voltage and current from sensors and then wirelessly send the measured data to monitor the results using a new Android application. The integrated SVCMS design uses an Arduino Nano V3.0 as the microcontroller to measure the results from three voltage and three current sensors and then send this data, after calculation, to the Android smartphone device of an end user using Bluetooth HC-05. The Arduino Nano V3.0 controller and Bluetooth HC-05 are a cheap microcontroller and wireless device, respectively. The new Android smartphone application that monitors the voltage and current measurements uses the open source MIT App Inventor 2 software. It allows for monitoring some elementary fundamental voltage power quality properties. An effort has been made to investigate what is possible using available off-the-shelf components and open source software

Analysis load forecasting of power system using fuzzy logic and artificial neural network

Load forecasting is a vital element in the energy management of function and execution purpose throughout the energy power system. Power systems problems are complicated to solve because power systems are huge complex graphically widely distributed and are influenced by many unexpected events. This paper presents the analysis of load forecasting using fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural network (ANN) and ANFIS. These techniques are utilized for both short term and long-term load forecasting. ANN and ANFIS are used to improve the results obtained through the FL. It also studied the effects of humidity, temperature and previous load on Load Forecasting. The simulation is done by the Simulink environment of MATLAB software

A modified smart controlling and monitoring scheme of three phase photovoltaic inverter rely on LoRa technology

Photovoltaics is the core of the greatest current system that using solar energy and it is regarded as the basic of sustainable engineering techniques. It is the method of exchanging daylight straightly to electricity power. The LoRa communication technology is a far-range, economic-power, small rate of bit technology. It is sponsored as a basic settling for the Internet of Things (IOT). This technology is applied where equipment is battery-feed with narrow bandwidth was required. In this manuscript, a novel method that depends on the LoRa technology is considered to observes and governs the power generated from a three-phase Photovoltaics inverter scheme that fed to grid directly. This scheme is designed with dual parts. The first one is for evaluating and control invertor part. This part attaches straight through the inverter to recognize the working of the inverter by changing the state of inverter from far spaces. The second part which is uses the liquid crystal display and a smart-phone observing application. The phone program is prepared using MIT App Inventor to observe and govern the entire scheme. The results show that this system is robust against the circumstances around the system and gives accurate results with minimum error when using in urban lands. The benefit of this system is to monitor and control the photovoltaic system located in remote place without need of attend to generating place

Transitional metallacycles with nitrogen and phosphorous ligands

The metalcycles are compounds that are contained within organometallic chemistry and that can have a very different nature depending on the metal as well as on the ligands attached to it; Due to this, their properties and reactivity cover a large field of research. In this work, the study of this type of compounds using nitrogen and phosphorus ligands, which may have very different characteristics, will be addressed. This allows the design of the synthesis of families of compounds that have the usual properties and applications of the metalcycles, such as their use as catalysts in industrial processes, the evaluation of their potential cytotoxicity or luminescent properties related mainly to metal

A Pragmatic Discourse Analysis of Media Contexts and Political Messages in Iraq

تلعب البراجماتية دورًا حاسمًا في تحليل خطاب السياقات الإعلامية والرسائل السياسية في العراق، إذ تسهم في وضع استراتيجيات فعّالة للاتصال السياسي. يساعد تحليل الخطاب البراجماتي على فهم كيفية توظيف السياسة والإعلام للغة كأداة لتحقيق أهداف محددة في سياقات مختلفة. يساهم هذا البحث في توضيح أثر السياقات الاجتماعية والثقافية والسياسية في تشكيل الخطاب الإعلامي والسياسي في العراق، مع تسليط الضوء على الاستراتيجيات اللغوية المستخدمة في هذه الرسائل من خلال التحليل البراجماتي. وقد اعتمد البحث على تحليل الخطاب النقدي لدراسة العلاقة بين اللغة والقوى الاجتماعية، حيث يركّز هذا المنهج على كيفية استخدام اللغة في تشكيل الواقعين الاجتماعي والسياسي، وعلى دورها كوسيلة لترسيخ الهيمنة أو تحدّيها. وتوصّل البحث إلى أن النية التواصلية تُعد عنصرًا براجماتيًا محوريًا يؤدي دورًا مهمًا في لحظات معينة من عملية الاتصال. ويُعدّ الخطاب محور اهتمام رئيسيًا في الحقول الاجتماعية والسياسية، إذ تُحوّل المفاهيم اللغوية المرتبطة بالبراجماتية الخطابةَ التقليدية إلى نشاط لغوي منسق ذي أبعاد معيارية. كما أظهر البحث أن تحليل الخطاب البراجماتي في الرسائل الإعلامية والسياسية في العراق يكشف عن تفاعل معقّد بين اللغة والسياسة، تُستخدم فيه الاستراتيجيات البلاغية وأفعال الكلام لتوجيه الرأي العام، وبناء الهوية الاجتماعية والطائفية، وتحقيق أهداف سياسيةPragmatics in the discourse analysis of media contexts and political messages in Iraq plays a crucial role in shaping political communication strategies. Pragmatic discourse analysis helps to uncover how politics and the media use language as a tool to achieve specific goals across various contexts. This research contributes to understanding how media and political discourse in Iraq is influenced by social, cultural, and political factors, while shedding light on the strategies employed in these messages through a pragmatic lens. The study applies Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine the relationship between language and social power structures. This approach focuses on how language is used to construct social and political realities and how it can serve as a tool for establishing or challenging dominance and authority. The research finds that communicative intention represents a key pragmatic element that plays a vital role at specific points in the communication process. Discourse emerges as a central concern in both social and political domains. Pragmatic concepts of language transform ordinary rhetoric into structured speech acts with normative linguistic dimensions. Furthermore, the study reveals that the pragmatic analysis of discourse in Iraqi media and political messages uncovers a complex interaction between language and politics, where rhetorical strategies and speech acts are used to influence public opinion, construct social and sectarian identities, and achieve political goals

Effect of Reaction Time on the Blue Shift of Chemically Created Silver Nanoparticles

The structural properties of (Ag-NPs) nanoparticles prepared by the chemical method were examined using (XRD) diffraction. Additionally, the optical properties were tested using a UV-Vis spectroscopy instrument, and a scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the surface morphology, We found that (Ag-NPs) nanoparticles have the highest absorbance at wavelengths of (400)nm and that the granular size of these material ranges between (29 – 89)nm. And The morphology analysis further revealed that (Ag-NPs) particles are spherical in shape

Compression Splices of Reinforcing Bars in Reactive Powder Concrete

Compression splices are widely used in compression members such as columns in multi- story buildings. There are efficient design equations for compression splice of reinforcement embedded in conventional concrete proposed by design codes of practice. However, there is no design equation for compression splice in compression members made of reactive powder concrete (RPC). So, it is required to introduce a design equation to calculate the steel bars lap splice length of RPC compression members. In this study, an experimental work was conducted to investigate the effect of different variables on compression splices strength. These variables were compressive strength of concrete, transverse reinforcement amount, splice length, yield stress of reinforcement and spliced rebar diameter. The experimental results showed that; Increase in the yield stress of reinforcing bars, length of spliced bars and compressive strength of concrete result in increasing in splice strength. Meanwhile, increase in diameter of reinforcing bars result in decreasing in compression splice strength. The increase in the amount of transverse reinforcement has insignificant effect on compression spliced strength of rebar. Finite element analysis was used to analyze the tested specimens and compared between numerical and experimental result was carried out. The numerical and experimental ultimate load and load-deflection behavior is very close to each other. Finite element method was used to investigate a wide range of experimental variables values through a parametric analysis. A new proposing equation for compression splicing of rebar in RPC column is presented in this research

Study of The Prevalence of Trichomonas Vaginalis Parasite in Females Suffering from Vaginal Inflammations

Background & Objective: Infection of trichomoniasis is accountable for disease transmitted by sex (non-virally), called trichomoniasis or vaginitis the most popular disease worldwide. The goal of current research was to determining  spread rate of Trichomonas vaginalis among females suffering from genital inflammation in Najaf city of Iraq. Methods: Two hundred and sixty four of the participating women were included in our current study, They were going to Al-Manathra Hospital, Al-Najaf Hospital, Al-Furat Hospital, and a few outpatient clinics between January and June of 2023. One hundred and thirty two were included as a control group and one hundred and thirty two were included as patients (they were suffering from vaginal inflammation). All participants in the study underwent direct microscopic examination and then immediately cultured in diamond culture media by taking a swab from the vagina to confirm the presence of the parasite Trichomonas Vaginalis. Results: Out of (264) swab samples that which examined microscopically for T. vaginalis by using light microscope under (40x), Trichomoniasis infection detected in 70 (53.03%) out of 132 women undergoing from vaginal inflammation  while there was 62 (46.97%) of women negative for T.vaginalis, and this difference was statistically non-significant (Chi-square=0.618, P-value=0.432), while in the control subjects 116 (91.67%) of (132) were negative for Trichomoniasis infection, except 11 women (8.33%) were positive for T.vaginalis, but not suffered from any symptoms, this difference was significant in statistic (Chi-square = 86.811, P-value = 0.000). Out of (264) swab samples that which cultured on diamond liquid media, Trichomoniasis infection detected in 74 (56.07%) out of 132 women undergoing from vaginal inflammation while there was 58 (43.93%) of these women were negative for T.vaginalis parasite, and this difference according to Chi-square value (2.206) and p-value (0.137), it was statistically non-significant. regarding the control subjects, 112 (88.64%) of (132) were negative for Trichomoniasis infection, and 15 women (11.36%) were positive for T.vaginalis, but not suffered from any symptoms. This difference was statistically significant according to the Chi-Square (74.087) and P value (0.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of the Trichomonas vaginalis parasite in Najaf Governorate, according to the results of the current study, is 56%, and this is considered a high and interesting percentage

Impact of Climate Changes on the Hydrochemistry of Razaza Lake and Rahaliya – Shithatha Springs – Central Iraq

The climate parameters, rainfall, temperature data for more than forty years for three Iraqi meteorological stations (Baghdad, Basra, and Mosul) were studied .The results show good evidence of climate change indicated by the remarkable decrease of the average means annual rainfall in the studied stations, with the remarkable increase of the average minimum annual temperature. The impact of the climatic change on the hydrochemistry of Razaza lake and Rahaliya – Shithatha springs was obvious in increasing the water salinity as studied for years 1995 and 2013. The average mean annual rainfall for ten years intervals indicate that there were a remarkable decrease in amount of rainfall from 90 mm for the period 1992-2001 to about 71 mm for the period 2002- 2013.  The Razzaza lake water has indicated that chloride group and one major family (Chloride-sodium family) is the dominant for years 1995 and 2013 with increase of Mg ions during 2013. The Rahaliya – Shithatha springs’ water has showed that the sulphate and chloride groups are dominant for years 1995 and 2013, with increase of sulphate group to 80% during 2013. Keywords: Climatic changes, hydrochemistry, Razaza lake and Rahaliya – Shithatha springs, Iraq

Investigating the Presence of some Fungi that Produce Toxins on some Medicinal Herbs in the City of Tikrit

This research included isolating, then diagnosing and studying some types of fungi in medicinal herbs in the city of Tikrit during the winter season 2023-2024. The research included a number of samples collected from stores in different areas of the city of Tikrit. Pathogenic fungi were identified in the laboratory as well as finding the percentage frequency Every mushroom. The results showed the presence of five types of fungi in these herbs that are used for medicinal purposes and to treat some diseases, as follows:1. Aspergillus flavus2. A. niger3. A. terrus 6. Alternaria7. Penicillium sp.8. Curvularia sp.We notice a variation in the frequency percentages of these fungi, the highest frequency being Aspergillus flavus, followed by Penicillium sp.   &nbsp